Most of the ex situ conservation programmes and tree improvement activities in Pakistan had been sponsored by donor agencies such as the USDA, FAO and GTZ in the past. However, these activities have been discontinued in the last decade, which has badly affected the progress made on genetic improvement vis-ŕ-vis conservation activities. Currently there is no research project at the PFI or PFRI related to conservation of woody endangered species except a small project on conservation and introduction of medicinal herbs. Some economically important coniferous and broad-leaved species are spread over several countries. It is therefore, suggested that international collaboration (especially on species that cover large distribution areas) should be strengthened. Pakistan could play a leading role in genealogical studies of endangered high hill species, including conservation and management of associated non-woody species.
Following an active collaboration with the CSIRO, research on rehabilitation of saline and waterlogged areas was initiated (Marcar et al. 1991). There is a need to conserve a specific source of E. camaldulensis (No.15441) through the CSIRO to reclaim problematic areas in the country. In view of the results achieved by neighbouring countries in conservation and management of genetic resources, seminars and workshops may be held to exchange knowledge to bring about further genetic improvement vis-ŕ-vis developing better strategies in the region. Following these steps it is anticipated that the endangered or regionally extinct species may be recovered in the fragile ecosystems of Himalayas, especially through the exchange of germplasm of important FGR in the region.
