The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2003

Table 2. FOOD AVAILABILITY, DIET DIVERSIFICATION, POVERTY, CHILD MORTALITY, CHILD NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND RESOURCES DIRECTED TO AGRICULTURE in developing countries and countries in transition, classified by category of prevalence of undernourishment

CATEGORY OF PREVALENCE OF UNDERNOURISHMENT in total population 1999–2001 Region and country	Food availability and diet diversification		Poverty		Child mortality	Child nutritional status	Resources directed to agriculture
	Dietary energy supply (DES)	Share of non-starchy food in total DES	Population below the poverty line 1990-2000		Under-five mortality rate	Underweight children under five years of age	External assistance 1998-2000
	1999–2001		(last survey)		2001	1995–2001	Constant
	kcal/day per person	%	rural	urban	per 1,000	(last survey)	1995 US$ per
	kcal/day per person	%	%		births	%	agricultural worker
LESS THAN 2.5% UNDERNOURISHED
Asia and the Pacific
Hong Kong SAR of China	3 100	70	na	na	na	na	0
Malaysia	2 920	54	na	na	8	20	23
Rep. of Korea	3 070	50	na	na	5	na	0
Latin America and the Caribbean
Argentina	3 180	65	na	30	19	5	70
Near East and North Africa
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya	3 320	53	na	na	19	5	98
Tunisia	3 340	48	14	4	27	4	212
United Arab Emirates	3 330	63	na	na	9	7	1
Countries in transition
Czech Rep.	3 080	69	na	na	5	1*	3
Hungary	3 500	70	na	na	9	na	1
Lithuania	3 260	51	na	na	9	na	1
Poland	3 390	58	na	na	9	na	14
Romania	3 340	47	28	20	21	6*	15
Slovenia	3 060	60	na	na	5	na	42
2.5 TO 4% UNDERNOURISHED
Latin America and the Caribbean
Chile	2 850	57	na	na	12	1	6
Ecuador	2 740	64	47	25	30	14	58
Uruguay	2 840	61	na	na	16	4*	120
Near East and North Africa
Egypt	3 370	35	23	23	41	4	47
Kuwait	3 150	61	na	na	10	2	0
Lebanon	3 170	62	na	na	32	3	738
Saudi Arabia	2 840	51	na	na	28	14	1
Syrian Arab Rep.	3 040	52	na	na	28	7	28
Turkey	3 360	47	na	na	43	8	0
Countries in transition
Albania	2 940	51	na	na	25	14	49
Belarus	2 960	53	na	na	20	na	0
Estonia	3 020	57	15	7	12	na	3
Russian Fed.	2 940	53	na	na	21	3	15
Ukraine	2 900	50	na	na	20	3	17
5 TO 19% UNDERNOURISHED
Asia and the Pacific
China**	2 970	41	5	2	39	10	3
Indonesia	2 900	30	na	na	45	25	13
Myanmar	2 810	26	na	na	109	28	0
Nepal	2 440	23	44	23	91	48	15
Pakistan	2 460	49	36	24	109	38	8
Thailand	2 470	48	16	10	28	18	14
Viet Nam	2 500	26	57	26	38	34	16
Latin America and the Caribbean
Brazil	3 000	66	33	13	36	6	34
Colombia	2 570	59	31	8	23	7	26
Costa Rica	2 760	62	26	19	11	5	82
Cuba	2 610	60	na	na	9	4	7
El Salvador	2 460	47	56	43	39	12	35
Guyana	2 540	48	na	na	72	12	67
Jamaica	2 690	59	25	na	20	4	98
Mexico	3 150	53	na	na	29	8	54
Paraguay	2 560	59	29	20	30	4*	108
Peru	2 600	46	65	40	39	7	42
Suriname	2 630	56	na	na	32	na	519
Trinidad and Tobago	2 710	62	20	24	20	7	108
Venezuela	2 330	59	na	na	22	4	23
Near East and North Africa
Algeria	2 970	40	30	15	49	6	41
Iran, Islamic Rep. of	2 930	39	na	na	42	11	0
Jordan	2 740	48	na	na	33	5	788
Morocco	3 000	36	27	12	44	10*	24
Sub-Saharan Africa
Benin	2 480	27	na	na	158	23	36
Burkina Faso	2 460	25	51	17	197	34	19
Côte d'Ivoire	2 590	34	na	na	175	21	21
Gabon	2 580	54	na	na	90	12	29
Ghana	2 620	29	34	27	100	25	24
Mauritania	2 730	48	61	25	183	32	83
Mauritius	2 980	54	na	na	19	15	144
Namibia	2 700	34	na	na	67	26*	72
Nigeria	2 770	34	36	30	183	31	2
Swaziland	2 570	52	na	na	149	10	93
Uganda	2 370	56	na	na	124	23	18
Countries in transition
Bosnia and Herzegovina	2 730	48	na	na	18	4	182
Bulgaria	2 630	65	na	na	16	na	118
Croatia	2 620	63	na	na	8	1	7
Kyrgyzstan	2 860	32	70	49	61	11	175
Latvia	2 790	60	na	na	21	na	44
TFYR Macedonia	2 660	62	na	na	26	6	110
Rep. of Moldova	2 680	46	27	na	32	3	20
Serbia and Montenegro	2 720	68	na	na	19	2	4
Slovakia	2 910	63	na	na	9	na	5
Turkmenistan	2 760	37	na	na	87	12	0
20 TO 34% UNDERNOURISHED
Asia and the Pacific
Bangladesh	2 160	17	37	19	77	52	13
Dem. People's Rep. of Korea	2 180	33	na	na	55	28	5
India	2 490	39	30	25	93	47	3
Lao People's Dem. Rep.	2 280	22	41	27	100	40	36
Papua New Guinea	2 180	45	41	16	94	35	10
Philippines	2 370	44	51	20	38	32	52
Sri Lanka	2 330	44	27	15	19	33	29
Latin America and the Caribbean
Bolivia	2 240	49	82	na	77	8	82
Dominican Rep.	2 320	66	30	11	47	5	116
Guatemala	2 160	47	na	na	58	24	80
Honduras	2 400	54	51	57	38	17	128
Nicaragua	2 250	49	69	31	43	10	227
Panama	2 250	62	65	15	25	8	475
Near East and North Africa
Iraq***	2 150	34	na	na	133	16	1
Yemen	2 050	32	45	31	107	46	12
Sub-Saharan Africa
Botswana	2 270	52	na	na	110	13	24
Cameroon	2 240	42	na	na	155	22	13
Chad	2 150	41	67	63	200	28	13
Congo	2 210	37	na	na	108	14	2
Gambia	2 280	48	61	48	126	17	52
Guinea	2 330	40	na	na	169	33	18
Lesotho	2 310	19	54	28	132	18	57
Malawi	2 170	23	67	55	183	25	14
Mali	2 370	29	na	na	231	33	30
Niger	2 130	28	66	52	265	40	10
Senegal	2 280	39	40	na	138	23	37
Sudan	2 290	46	na	na	107	34*	4
Togo	2 310	23	na	na	141	25	7
Countries in transition
Azerbaijan	2 380	32	na	na	96	17	55
Georgia	2 290	38	10	12	29	3	31
Kazakhstan	2 360	50	39	30	99	4	20
Uzbekistan	2 270	39	na	na	68	19	14
35% OR MORE UNDERNOURISHED
Asia and the Pacific
Cambodia	1 970	21	40	21	138	45	25
Mongolia	2 070	57	33	39	76	13	63
Latin America and the Caribbean
Haiti	2 040	46	66	na	123	17	13
Near East and North Africa
Afghanistan***	1 630	27	na	na	257	49	1
Sub-Saharan Africa
Angola	1 900	32	na	na	260	31	4
Burundi	1 610	49	na	na	190	45	2
Central African Rep.	1 960	43	na	na	180	23	6
Dem. Rep. of the Congo	1 570	23	na	na	205	34	0
Eritrea	1 670	24	na	na	111	44	8
Ethiopia	1 910	19	45	37	172	47	4
Kenya	2 040	43	46	29	122	22	5
Liberia	2 080	37	na	na	235	27	3
Madagascar	2 070	25	77	52	136	40	17
Mozambique	1 950	25	71	62	197	26	16
Rwanda	2 000	49	na	na	183	24	12
Sierra Leone	1 930	36	na	na	316	27	8
Somalia***	1 600	65	na	na	225	26	1
United Rep. of Tanzania	1 970	29	50	24	165	29	7
Zambia	1 900	23	83	56	202	24	26
Zimbabwe	2 100	42	48	8	123	13	23
Countries in transition
Armenia	2 000	40	na	na	35	3	97
Tajikistan	1 720	33	na	na	116	na	36

Notes

na Data not available

0 Zero or less than half the unit shown

* Data refer to years prior to 1995

** includes Taiwan Province of China for food availability and diet
diversification; additionally includes Hong Kong SAR of China for external assistance to agriculture

*** estimates of food availability and diet diversification for 1999–2001 are not available; estimates for 1998–2000 published in SOFI 2002 were used instead.

Non-starchy foods: all food sources for DES, except cereals and roots and tubers.

Poverty, urban or rural: percentage of population living on less than the poverty line, urban or rural. These poverty lines are independent standards of living for urban or rural populations based on consumption of goods and services to meet basic needs.

Under-five mortality: probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five, if subject to current age-specific mortality rates. The probability is expressed as a rate per 1 000 live births.

Underweight: children below five years of age (0–4.99 years), except 0–2.99 years for Cameroon, Eritrea, India, Kyrgyzstan, Madagascar, Mozambique, Myanmar, Togo and Uzbekistan; 0.5–2.99 years for Afghanistan; 0.25–4.99 years for El Salvador, Honduras and Sri Lanka; 0.5–4.99 years for Burundi, Guinea and TFYR Macedonia; 0–5.99 years for Chile; 1.0–5.99 years for Croatia; 1.0–6.99 years for Costa Rica.

External assistance to agriculture: the concessional and non-concessional commitments made in monetary terms by the bilateral and multilateral donors to countries for the development of agriculture including agro-industry, environmental activities related to agriculture, manufacturing of agricultural inputs, regional and river development, research, training and extension, and rural development.

SOURCES

Food availability, diet diversification and resources directed to agriculture: FAO estimates
Poverty and mortality in childhood: World Development Indicators 2003, World Bank
Child nutritional status: World Health Organization Global Database on Child Growth and Malnutrition, 2003, except for Bosnia and Herzegovina, Congo, Rep. of Moldova, Papua New Guinea, Saudi Arabia, Sierra Leone, Swaziland, Trinidad and Tobago from UNICEF on-line database.