System |
Practice |
Combination |
Components |
Agrosilvicultural systems |
1.Improved fallow |
trees planted during non-forest phase, if land not expected to revert to forest |
t: fast growing h: agricultural crop |
2.Taungya |
crops during tree seedling stage |
w: plantation species h: agricultural crops |
|
3. Alley cropping |
trees in hedges, crops in alleys |
w: coppice trees h: crops |
|
4. Tree gardens |
multispecies, dense, mixed |
w: vertical structure, fruit trees h: shade tolerant |
|
5. Multipurpose trees on cropland |
trees scattered, boundaries |
w: multipurpose trees h: crops |
|
6. Estate crop combinations |
w: coffee, coconut, fruit trees h: shade tolerant |
||
7.Homegardens |
multistorey combinations around homes |
w: fruit trees h: crops |
|
8. Trees in soil conservation, reclamation |
w: multipurpose fruit trees h:crops |
||
9. Shelterbelts, windbreaks, live hedges |
around farmland plots |
w: trees h:crops |
|
10. Fuelwood production |
firewood species around cropland plots |
w: firewood species h: crops |
|
Agro-silvipastoral; systems |
14.Homegardens with animals |
around homes |
w: fruit trees a : present |
15.Multipurpose woody hedgerows |
trees for browse, mulch, soil protection |
w: coppicing fodder trees a, h: present |
|
16. Aquaforestry |
trees lining ponds |
w: leaves forage for fish |
|
Silvipastoral systems |
11.Trees on rangelands |
scattered trees |
w: multipurpose, fodder f: present a: present |
12. Protein banks |
trees for protein-rich cut fodder |
w: leguminous trees h: present a: present |
|
13. Estate crops with pasture |
Example cattle under coconut palms |
w: estate crops F: present a: present |
16 W: woody species; a: animals; h: herbaceous (crop) species
