Table 1. Food Balance Sheet, Average (in t) 1982-1984
Country |
Catch |
Uses |
Imports |
Exports |
Net Export/Import |
Food Supply |
Population |
Per caput |
Brunei |
2 546 |
0 |
5 496 |
60 |
- 5 436 |
7 982 |
212 |
37.7 |
China |
5 355 579 |
20 500 |
- |
181 021 |
181 021 |
4 969 598 |
1 015 160 |
4.9 |
Hong Kong |
189 825 |
12 083 |
173 201 |
110 522 |
- 62 679 |
240 421 |
5 339 |
45.0 |
Japan |
11 367 419 |
3 583 700 |
1 538 700 |
596 000 |
- 942 700 |
8 886 419 |
119 239 |
74 5 |
Korea, DPR |
1 600 000 |
805 431 |
- |
32 454 |
32 454 |
762 114 |
19 410 |
39.3 |
Korea, Rep. |
2 386 087 |
112 374 |
86 452 |
585 698 |
499 246 |
1 774 467 |
39 978 |
44.4 |
Laos |
20 000 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
- |
20 000 |
3 978 |
5.1 |
Macau |
9 019 |
383 |
7 034 |
6 077 |
- 957 |
9 593 |
304 |
31.6 |
Mongolia |
299 |
0 |
1 453 |
0 |
- 1 453 |
1 752 |
1 806 |
1.0 |
Philippines |
1 898 876 |
0 |
37 509 |
77 461 |
39 952 |
1 852 924 |
51 946 |
35.7 |
Taiwan PC* |
954 900 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
18 733 |
- |
Viet Nam |
705 000 |
- |
- |
16 561 |
16 561 |
688 439 |
57 440 |
12.0 |
Totals | ||||||||
East Asia |
24 489 550 |
4 534 471 |
1 849 845 |
1 605 854 |
- 243 991 |
19 213 709 |
1 333 505 |
30.1 |
World |
79 295 023 |
22 362 839 |
11 289 649 |
11 742 733 |
453 084 |
56 735 732 |
4 677 205 |
12.1 |
Source: FAO, Fisheries Statistics, Commodities, 1986.
*Source: SEAFDEC 1987, Fishery Statistics Bulletin for South China Sea Area
Table 2. Fishery Trade Balance, 1986 (in t)
Country |
Total Catch |
Exports |
Percentage |
Imports |
Total Supply |
Net |
Brunei |
2 758 |
210 |
7.6 |
6 370 |
8 918 |
- 6 160 |
China |
8 000 063 |
645 813 |
8.1 |
76 312 |
79 430 562 |
569 501 |
Hong Kong |
213 557 |
396 868 |
47.3 |
624 726 |
441 415 |
- 227 858 |
Japan |
11 966 819 |
897 851 |
7.2 |
6 593 515 |
17 662 483 |
- 5 695 664 |
Korea, DPR |
1 700 000 |
35 930 |
2.1 |
- |
1 664 070 |
35 930 |
Korea, Rep. |
3 102 542 |
1 188 391 |
38.3 |
117 079 |
2 031 230 |
1 071 312 |
Laos |
20 000 |
- |
- |
- |
20 000 |
- |
Macau |
8 042 |
7 348 |
91.4 |
10 414 |
11 108 |
- 3 066 |
Mongolia |
380 |
- |
- |
2 000 |
2 380 |
- 2 000 |
Philippines |
1 916 347 |
200 099 |
10.4 |
19 019 |
1 735 267 |
181 080 |
Taiwan PC |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Viet Nam |
800 000 |
90 044 |
11.2 |
- |
709 956 |
90 044 |
Total, Region |
27 730 508 |
3 462 554 |
12.8 |
7 449 435 |
103 717 389 |
- 3 986 821 |
Total, World |
91 456 800 |
|
|
|
|
|
Source: FAO, Fishery Statistics, Commodities, 1986.
Table 3. Selected socio-economic indicators, East Asia
Country |
Area |
Population |
Year |
Population |
GNP (US$) |
Average GNP |
GNP Per caput
|
Brunei |
|
221 000 |
1985 |
|
4.4 B (1983) |
|
22 150 (1983) |
China |
9.6 M |
1.07 B (109.5/km2) |
1987 |
|
270 B (1987) |
9.0 (1987) |
395 (urban) |
Hong Kong |
|
5.64 M |
1986 |
|
37.41 B (1986) |
|
6 765 (1986) |
Japan |
|
118 M |
1982 |
0.8 |
1 046 T (1982) |
3.5 (1987) |
8 836 (1982) |
Korea, DPR |
|
19 M |
1983 |
2.3 |
18.1 B (1982) |
|
968 (1982) |
Korea, Rep. |
99 091 |
41.2 M |
1985 |
1.6 |
86.2 B |
|
2 092 (1985) |
Laos |
236 803 |
4.3 M (18.2/km2) |
|
|
|
|
|
Macau |
|
|
|
|
975 M |
9.5 (1987) |
2 750 (1987) |
Mongolia |
|
1.9 M |
1987 |
2.6 |
1.6 B (1985) |
7.6 |
1 000 (1987) |
Philippines |
300 720 |
55.6 M |
1986 |
2.3 |
3.2 B |
- 2.2 |
537 (1986) |
Taiwan PC |
|
19.3 M |
1986 |
1.8 |
56.3 B (1985) |
|
2 917 (1985) |
Viet Nam |
329 707 |
60 M (181.9/km2) |
1985 |
2.4 |
9 B |
8.5 (1985) |
150 (1985) |
Source: The World Bank Atlas, 1987, and others.
B - thousand million
M - million
Table 4. Fish and Fish Products: Annual average imports and exports, triennium ending 1975 and 1985 in volume ('000 tons) and value (US$ 000)
|
Imports |
Exports |
Net (Export/Import) |
|||||||
1975 |
1985 |
1975 |
1985 |
1975 |
1985 |
|||||
Volume |
Value |
Volume |
Value |
Volume |
Value |
Volume |
Value |
(Volume) |
(Volume) |
|
Brunei |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
China |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
|
116.9 |
330 543.6 |
- |
116.9 |
Hong Kong |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Japan |
607.5 |
1 095 931.6 |
1 342.6 |
4 322 166.7 |
657.9 |
550 000.3 |
777.5 |
829 812.6 |
50.5 |
- 565.2 |
Korea, DPR |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
23.7 |
33 250.3 |
- |
23.7 |
Korea, RO |
17.9 |
11 196.3 |
93.5 |
71 648.7 |
238.9 |
225 028.3 |
406.3 |
772 837.3 |
221.0 |
312.8 |
Laos |
0.4 |
196.7 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
0.4 |
- 196.7 |
Macau |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mongolia |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Philippines |
61.6 |
31 804.7 |
16.0 |
5 824.7 |
14.9 |
18 802.0 |
53.8 |
135 284.0 |
- 46.7 |
37.8 |
Taiwan PC |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Viet Nam |
3.2 |
1 779.0 |
- |
|
4-3 |
13 122.0 |
14.3 |
56 227.0 |
1.1 (11 333.0) |
14.3 (56 227.0) |
Source: FAO/RAPA, 1987
*Figures in parenthesis represent value of corresponding volumes
Table 5. Summarized information on aquaculture production and marketing in different countries of East Asia
|
Production |
Consumption |
Species/Commodities |
||
FW BW MC |
Major Exports |
Major Imports |
|||
Brunei (all experimental, very little commercial production) |
Carps Macrobrachium |
Seabass |
Mostly fresh |
|
Shrimps and prawns; fresh marine finfishes; preserved, canned fish |
China |
Carp in polyculture 10 major species tilapias (in ponds/ cages/pens) |
Seaweeds (kelp and laver) Laminaria, Porphyra Shrimps (ponds) (P. orientalis, merguiensis, penicillatus, japonicus, monodon Molluscs (hanging method) (scallops, sea cucumber, mussels, abalone, oysters) Finfish (mullet, milkfish, red sea bream) |
Mostly fresh frozen: processed - fresh fish (carp and anchovy fish) frozen fish, shellfish (clams and shell), jellyfish Shrimps (mostly to Hong Kong, Japan, Macau, and South East Asia salted, canned, dried, minced (fish cake/ sausage) |
Fish meal |
|
Hong Kong |
- common, silver, grass, bighead carps; tilapia |
Finfish (cages) groupers Molluscs oysters Shrimps P. japonicus |
live, fresh, chilled and gutted; processed salted dried canned |
live marine fish and prawns, mainly to Japan |
freshwater fish crustaceans molluscs for South East Asia mainly carps and mullet carp fry, from China |
Japan |
- rainbow trout "ayu" (salmonid) |
- oysters, scallops - seaweeds (laver or "nori", kelp or "konbu",
"wakame" or Undaria) |
fresh frozen, chilled |
fish feeds |
- Shrimps (for South East Asia, mainly Taiwan PC, Philippines, Viet Nam, Thailand, Indonesia Seaweeds (from Republic of Korea) - Molluscs (from China)Finfish (from China and Hong Kong) |
Korea, DPR |
rainbow trout carps (common, silver, bighead, black) mullet |
clams |
- fresh/frozen canned |
|
|
Korea, Rep. |
Carp |
- Molluscs oysters, clams, cockles, mussels, abalone - Seaweeds laver, kelp, sea mustard ("wakame") - Shrimps - Finfish (yellowtail, black sea bream) |
- mostly fresh but rapid growth of fish processing aid - dried |
- Seaweeds, mainly brown and red to Japan and China - Monopoly of supplying Undaria ("wakame") to Japan, and Hizikia edible brown, to Japan Oysters mainly to US, Canada, Australia, Holland, and Sweden |
Alaska pollack (decreasing) |
Laos |
Carps (rohu, mrigal, catla, grass, bighead, silver, common) in polyculture |
|
Fresh |
|
|
Macau |
No information |
|
|
|
|
Mongolia |
No information |
|
|
|
|
Taiwan PC |
Carps |
Milkfish |
Fresh/frozen processed-boil dried canned salt-dried |
Shrimps - mainly to Japan |
|
FW - Freshwater Aquaculture
BW - Brackishwater Aquaculture
MC - Mariculture
Country |
Major Species |
Consumption |
Exports |
||
FW |
BW |
MC |
|||
Philippines |
Tilapia (cages/ponds) Milkfish (pens) Carps (pens/ponds) |
Shrimps (P. monodon) |
Seaweeds (Eucheuma spp.) |
Seaweeds (Eucheuma spp.) |
Shrimps - mainly to Japan, US, Europe Seaweeds - to Japan Korea, Taiwan PC, China, Denmark, USA, Spain, France (for processing to carrageenan) |
Viet Nam |
Tilapia |
Finfish |
Molluscs Mussels Gracilaria |
fresh, frozen, dried, fermented, smoked |
Shrimps |
FW - Freshwater Aquaculture
BW - Brackishwater Aquaculture
MC - Mariculture
Table 6. Contribution of East Asian aquaculture to world aquaculture production
|
1975 |
% to Total |
1975-1985 |
1985 |
|||
Production (in 000 t) |
Growth Rate |
Production (in 000 t) |
|||||
Country |
Total |
Aquaculture |
(%) |
Total |
Aquaculture |
% |
|
China |
4 247.4 |
1 243.9 |
29.2 |
44.0 |
6 778.8 |
2 782.3 |
41.0 |
Hong Kong |
|
|
|
|
198.2 |
213.6 |
3.9 |
Japan |
9 896.1 |
844.9 |
8.5 |
30.0 |
11 418.8 |
1 206.0 |
10.5 |
Korea, DPR |
1 050.0 |
- |
|
100.0 |
1 700.0 |
809.0 |
47.6 |
Korea, Rep. |
1 887.1 |
351.8 |
18.6 |
55.0 |
2 649.9 |
790.2 |
29.8 |
Laos |
20.0 |
0.5 |
2.5 |
80.0 |
20.0 |
2.5 |
12.5 |
Macau |
- |
- |
|
|
|
- |
- |
Mongolia |
0.3 |
- |
- |
|
0.4 |
- |
- |
Philippines |
1 443.0 |
106.5 |
7.4 |
77.8 |
1 867.7 |
494.5 |
26.4 |
Taiwan PC |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Viet Nam |
872.0 |
30.0 |
3.4 |
85.0 |
780.0 |
204.5 |
25.5 |
Total, Region |
19 415.9 |
2 577.6 |
13.3 |
60.0 |
25 413.8 |
6 501.6 |
25.5 |
Total, World |
66 150.7 |
4 761.0 |
7.2 |
|
84 945.3 |
10 249.7 |
12.0 |
|
|
54% |
|
|
|
63% |
|
Source: FAO, 1987