Area:
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886 000 sq.km
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Climate:
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Tropical wet-dry climate with two rainy seasons in north (November-December and March-May) and one in south (November-April)
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Population:
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32.30 million (1999 estimate); G.N.P. per caput: US$ 210 (1998)
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Specific characteristics of the country:
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Low-income food-deficit country; cereal surplus production in south and south-west; cereal deficit in central and north-west. Distribution difficulties
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Logistics:
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Serious shortage of rolling stock, fuel and spare parts
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Major foodcrops:
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Maize, roots, tubers, sorghum, pulses, plantains, rice
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Marketing year:
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June/May; Lean season: February-April
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Share of cereals in total calorie intake:
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60 percent
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Harvesting of the 1999/2000 short "Vuli" season crops is well advanced in the bi-modal rainfall areas of the northern coastal belt and north-eastern, where the crop accounts for some 40 percent of the annual food supplies. Poor rains during the growing season have prompted farmers to drastically reduce plantings and have affected yields. Recent official reports suggest that the current Vuli crop is expected to be particularly poor in Arusha, Kilimanjaro and Tanga Regions.
The 1999/2000 cereal crop, mainly maize, is estimated at 4 million tonnes, about 8 percent below last year's output due to erratic rains, reduced use of inputs and an outbreak of armyworms. By contrast, production of other food crops, including beans, potatoes, cassava and plantains have increased by nearly 13 percent to 3.3 million tonnes.
Overall, the food supply situation is stable reflecting large maize imports in the latter half of 1999 and the maize export ban imposed by the Government. In January 2000, maize prices in several markets of the country were up to 56 percent lower than at the same period a year earlier and bean prices were up to 41 percent lower. However, food assistance is required for nearly 800 000 people identified as food insecure, mainly in the regions of Dodoma, Mara, Shinyanga, Singida, Tabora, Tanga and southern Mwanza, all of which have now suffered their third consecutive poor harvest. WFP school-feeding programme began in January 2000 in 128 primary schools in Dodoma region and is expected to expand to Arusha and Singida regions.
| Wheat | Rice | Coarse grains | Total | |
| Normal Production | 85 | 607 | 3 230 | 3 922 |
| Normal Imports | 60 | 25 | - | 85 |
| of which: Structural food aid | 15 | 15 | - | 30 |
| 1999/2000 Domestic Availability | 103 | 525 | 3 415 | 4 043 |
| 1999 Production (rice in paddy terms) | 73 | 800 | 3 415 | 4 288 |
| 1999 Production (rice in milled terms) | 73 | 520 | 3 415 | 4 008 |
| Possible stock drawdown | 30 | 5 | - | 35 |
| 1999/2000 Utilization | 143 | 565 | 3 785 | 4 493 |
| Food Use | 138 | 460 | 3 179 | 3 777 |
| of which: local purchase requirement | - | - | 1 | 1 |
| Non-food use | 5 | 105 | 526 | 636 |
| Exports or Re-exports | - | - | 80 | 80 |
| Possible stock build up | - | - | - | - |
| 1999/2000 Import Requirement | 40 | 40 | 370 | 450 |
| Anticipated commercial imports | 30 | 35 | 300 | 365 |
| Food aid needs | 10 | 5 | 70 | 85 |
| Current Aid Position | ||||
| Food aid pledges | - | - | 8 | 8 |
| of which: Delivered | - | - | 8 | 8 |
| Donor-financed purchases | - | - | 1 | 1 |
| of which: for local use | - | - | 1 | 1 |
| for export | - | - | - | - |
| Estimated Per Caput Consumption (kg/year) | 4 | 14 | 98 | 117 |
| Indexes | ||||
| 1999 production as % of normal: | 109 | |||
| 1999/2000 import requirement as % of normal: | 482 | |||
| 1999/2000 food aid requirement as % of normal: | 117 |
