1 Conversion rate N 1 = US$ 1.32 (1983 exchange rate). The rate at the end of March, 1992 was US$ 1 = N18.76.
2 For a detailed discussion of the FLDP, see Muhammad-Baba (1988).
Awogbade M O. 1985. Nigerian Second Livestock Development Project: Sociological Survey. Evaluation report prepared for the World Bank and the National Livestock Projects Department, Kaduna, Nigeria.
Beckman B. 1982. Public investment and agrarian transformation in northern Nigeria. Paper presented at the Workshop on State and Agriculture in Nigeria. University of California, Berkeley, 7-9, May 1982.
Craig P S. 1982. The management of a smallholder cattle fattening credit scheme in Nigeria. In: Osinowo, et al. Beef production in Nigeria: Proceedings of The National Conference on Beef Production in Nigeria. pp. 350-398.
Federal Government of Nigeria. 1984. Livestock Development Project 1091-UNI: Project Completion Report. National Livestock Project Department, Kaduna, Nigeria.
McLery G B and Salahu M. 1971. Basic concepts in producing and marketing high grade slaughter cattle by hand feeding during the dry season in northern Nigeria. In: Proceedings of Livestock Conference Agricultural Extension Research and Liaison Services, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria. pp. 22-29.
Muhammad-Baba T A. 1988. Pastoral Ful'be, International Finance Capital and livestock development in Nigeria: Revisiting the FGN/World Bank First Livestock Development Project. Paper presented at the National Conference on Pastoralism in Nigeria. National animal Production Research Institute, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. June 26-29, 1988.
Olayiwole M B. Buvanendran V, Fulani J and Ikhatua J U. 1981. Intensive fattening of indigenous breeds of cattle in Nigeria. World Review of Animal Production XVII: pp. 71-77.
Carvalho E C. 1974. "Traditional" and "Modern" patterns of cattle raising in southwestern Angola: A critical evaluation of change from pastoralism to ranching. Journal of Developing Areas, January 1974: 199-226.
National Livestock Project Division (NLPD) 1988. Quarterly Report.
Nuru S. 1989. Research and development in pastoral production system in Nigeria: Past, present and future. In: Gefu et al, (eds). Pastoralism in Nigeria: Past, present and future. National Animal Production Research Institute, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. pp. 52-62.
Table 1. Nigeria's food and animal transaction (1972-1983). (N '000)
|
Year |
Imports (cif) |
Export |
|
(N '000) |
(fob) |
|
|
1972 |
66.2 |
142.4 |
|
1973 |
127.7 |
192.8 |
|
1974 |
157.4 |
222.6 |
|
1975 |
306.8 |
228.4 |
|
1976 |
465.6 |
265.2 |
|
1977 |
783.4 |
399.8 |
|
1978 |
1058.3 |
486.5 |
|
1979 |
1050.4 |
328.7 |
|
1980 |
1552.5 |
364.3 |
|
1981 |
2238.2 |
213.0 |
|
1982 |
1651.0 |
130.3 |
|
1983 |
1214.1 |
73.5 |
Source: Compiled from Economic and Statistical Review, 1979 and 1983.
Table 2. Smallholder credit scheme: First Livestock Development Project *.
|
State |
Total funds allocation (N) |
Total funds disbursed (N) |
Total repaid (N) |
Net in default (N) |
Default rate (%) |
|
Anambra |
40 790 |
98 250 |
85 931 |
12 319 |
12.54 |
|
Bendel |
100 000 |
400 000 |
386 000 |
14 000 |
3.50 |
|
River |
32 698 |
57 595 |
51 219 |
6 376 |
11.07 |
|
Kano |
100 000 |
356 000 |
337 403 |
18 597 |
5.22 |
|
Niger |
332 000 |
1 520 000 |
273 264 |
1 246 736 |
82.02 |
|
Kwara |
174 000 |
165 051 |
107 193 |
57 858 |
35.05 |
|
Lagos |
20 000 |
16 560 |
9 100 |
7 460 |
45.04 |
|
Ogun |
123 431 |
344 410 |
265 011 |
79 399 |
23.05 |
|
Ondo |
220 600 |
285 424 |
115 869 |
169 555 |
59.40 |
|
Oyo |
383 402 |
383 402 |
142 295 |
241 107 |
62.90 |
* Computed figure for states with complete returns
Source: Compiled from NLPD (1988:6).
Table 3. Smallholder fattening scheme: Cattle weight and value gains for selected states *.
|
State |
Pre-fattening weight (kg) |
Post-fattening weight (kg) |
Weight gained |
Pre-fattening value (N) |
Post-fattening value (N) |
|
Benue |
250 |
300 |
50 |
1 000 |
1 600 |
|
C/River |
190 |
250 |
60 |
1 200 |
1 600 |
|
Kaduna |
275 |
400 |
125 |
1 200 |
1 650 |
|
Kano |
303 |
n/a |
n/a |
1 294 |
1 500 |
|
Katsina |
200 |
300 |
100 |
900 |
1 500 |
|
Niger |
265 |
360 |
95 |
720 |
1 280 |
|
Sokoto |
285 |
305 |
20 |
1 050 |
1 540 |
|
Kwara |
230 |
320 |
90 |
890 |
1 200 |
|
Ondo |
230 |
325 |
100 |
800 |
1 200 |
|
Oyo |
200 |
260 |
60 |
1 190 |
1 600 |
* Source: Recalculated from NLPD Quarterly Report (1988:12).
Table 4. Target budget for smallholder cattle fattening scheme participants.
|
Funds available |
Target | |
|
|
Loan amount (6 months) |
N 1 660.00 |
|
|
Farmers contribution (5%) |
90.00 |
|
|
Total available |
N 1 750.00 |
|
Inputs |
| |
|
|
4 cattle 275 kg at N 139 per kg |
N 1 529.00 |
|
|
24 x 50 kg bags wheat bran at N 6.50 |
156.00 |
|
|
2 x 200 litre drums molasses at N 24.00 |
48.00 |
|
|
2 x 10 kg mineral salt block at N 6.00 |
12.00 |
|
|
8 x 10 gm Thibenzole Boli at N 0.34 |
2.00 |
|
|
6 x 2 gm Rnide Boli at N 038 |
2.28 |
|
|
Interest: 5% p.a. on N 1 660 (6 months) |
N 41.50 |
|
|
Total cost |
N 1 791.50 |
|
Output |
| |
|
|
4 cattle at 325 kg at N 1.50 per kg |
N 2 080.00 |
|
|
Less repayment (principal and interest) |
1 701.50 |
|
|
Less initial contribution |
90.00 |
|
|
Margin over costs* |
378.50 |
|
* Assuming no increase between purchase and selling prices: |
| |
|
|
N 1 807.00 | |
|
|
4 cattle at 325 kg at N 139 per kg |
1 701.50 |
|
|
Less repayment (principal and interest) |
|
|
|
Less contribution |
90.00 |
|
|
Margin over costs |
N 15.00 |
Note: Fattening period of 100 days was assumed with average daily liveweight gain of 500 gm per head. Thus 50 kg liveweight increased per head or 200 kg per loan.No on-farm costs of forage or labour included.
No value in output or manure produced included.
Source: Adapted from Craig (1982:369).
