Management of Waste from Animal Product Processing

L.A.H.M. Verheijen
D. Wiersema
L.W. Hulshoff Pol
J. De Wit International Agriculture Centre
Wageningen, The Netherlands
January, 1996












    Table of Contents

Study Sponsors

Commission of the European Union
Denmark
France (Ministère de la Coopération)
Germany (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit - GTZ)
Netherlands
United Kingdom (Overseas Development Administration)
United States (Environmental Protection Agency)

Study Coordination by:

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
United States (U.S. Agency for International Development)
World Bank

Livestock, Environment and Development (LEAD) Initiative

This electronic document has been scanned using optical character recognition (OCR) software and careful manual recorrection. Even if the quality of digitalisation is high, the FAO declines all responsibility for any discrepancies that may exist between the present document and its original printed version.

Table of Contents

PREFACE

ABBREVIATIONS

1. THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE ANIMAL PRODUCT PROCESSING INDUSTRIES

1.1. Introduction
1.2. General environmental impact

1.2.1. Wastewater
1.2.2. Solid waste
1.2.3. Air pollution

1.3. Overall waste production

1.3.1. Slaughter activities
1.3.2. Tanning processes
1.3.3. Milk processing

1.4. The Key-indicator

2. SLAUGHTERHOUSES

2.1. Red meat slaughter process

2.1.1. Description of the slaughter process.
2.1.2. Quantities of by-products

2.2. Poultry slaughtering process

2.2.1. Description
2.2.2. Quantities of by-products

2.3. Emissions

2.3.1. Solid waste
2.3.2. Wastewater

2.3.2.1. Wastewater by red meat slaughtering
2.3.2.2. Wastewater by poultry slaughtering

2.3.3. Air pollution

2.4. Prevention of waste production

3. TANNERIES

3.1. Description of the tanning-process
3.2. Emissions

3.2.1. Solid waste
3.2.2. Wastewater
3.2.3. Air pollution

3.3. Prevention of waste production

4. DAIRY INDUSTRY

4.1. Description of milk processing
4.2. Emissions

4.2.1. Solid waste
4.2.2. Wastewater
4.2.3. Air pollution

4.3. Prevention of waste production

5. HANDLING OF BY-PRODUCTS AND TREATMENT OF WASTE

5.1. Introduction
5.2. By-products and solid waste

5.2.1. Slaughterhouses
5.2.2. Tanneries
5.2.3. Dairy Industry

5.3. Treatment of wastewater
5.4. Treatment of polluted air

6. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

6.1. Waste production and its consequences
6.2. Data availability and reliability
6.3. Waste reduction

7. REFERENCES

ANNEX

Annex 1: Effluents of an Italian tannery