Area:
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886 000 sq.km
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Climate:
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Tropical wet-dry climate with two rainy seasons in north (November-December and March-May) and one in south (November-April)
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Population:
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32.30 million (1999 estimate); G.N.P. per caput: US$ 210 (1998)
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Specific characteristics of the country:
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Low-income food-deficit country; cereal surplus production in south and south-west; cereal deficit in central and north-west. Distribution difficulties
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Logistics:
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Serious shortage of rolling stock, fuel and spare parts
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Major foodcrops:
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Maize, roots, tubers, sorghum, pulses, plantains, rice
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Marketing year:
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June/May; Lean season: February-April
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Share of cereals in total calorie intake:
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60 percent
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Harvesting of the 2000 main season cereal crops in the unimodal areas is well advanced. Poor rainfall in Dodoma and Singida Regions is expected to severely reduce maize output. By contrast, good rains in the grain-basket southern highlands and in western Tabora and Kigoma Regions favoured crops. In the bi-modal rainfall areas of northern coastal belt and north-eastern areas, cereal crops are scheduled to be harvested from next month. Delayed plantings in Arusha, Kilimanjaro and Tanga Regions due to late onset of rains is anticipated to affect yields. However, favourable rains were recorded in Mara, Mwanza and Shinyanga Regions.
The 1999 cereal crop, mainly maize, is estimated at 4 million tonnes (including paddy), about 16 percent below last year's output due to erratic rains, reduced use of inputs and an outbreak of armyworms. By contrast, production of other food crops, including beans, potatoes, cassava and plantains has increased by nearly 13 percent to 3.3 million tonnes.
Overall, despite lower cereal production in 1999/2000, the food supply situation is stable reflecting large maize imports in the latter half of 1999 and the maize export ban imposed by the Government. Maize prices in several markets of the country were below the five years average. However, food assistance is required for nearly 800 000 people identified as food insecure, mainly in the regions of Dodoma, Mara, Shinyanga, Singida, Tabora, Tanga and southern Mwanza, all of whom have now suffered their third consecutive poor harvest.
| Wheat | Rice | Coarse grains | Total | |
| Previous five years average production | 97 | 722 | 3 444 | 4 263 |
| Previous five years average imports | 86 | 74 | 198 | 358 |
| 2000/01 Domestic Availability | 130 | 455 | 2 906 | 3 491 |
| 2000 Production (rice in paddy terms) | 100 | 700 | 2 756 | 3 556 |
| 2000 Production (rice in milled terms) | 100 | 455 | 2 756 | 3 311 |
| Possible stock drawdown | 30 | - | 150 | 180 |
| 2000/01 Utilization | 250 | 575 | 3 356 | 4 181 |
| Food Use | 140 | 475 | 3 037 | 3 652 |
| of which: local purchase requirement | - | - | - | - |
| Non-food use | 80 | 100 | 319 | 499 |
| Exports or Re-exports | 30 | - | - | 30 |
| Possible stock build up | - | - | - | - |
| 2000/01 Import Requirement | 120 | 120 | 450 | 690 |
| Anticipated commercial imports | 60 | 100 | 380 | 540 |
| Food aid needs | 60 | 20 | 70 | 150 |
| Current Aid Position | ||||
| Food aid pledges | - | - | - | - |
| of which: Delivered | - | - | - | - |
| Donor-financed purchases | - | - | - | - |
| of which: for local use | - | - | - | - |
| for export | - | - | - | - |
| Estimated Per Caput Consumption (kg/Year) | 4 | 14 | 92 | 110 |
| Indexes | ||||
| 2000 production as % of average: | 83 | |||
| 2000/01 import requirement as % of average: | 193 |
