SUBJECT INDEX

Numbers refer to the abstract and bibliographic reference numbers appearing in the Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Information Quarterly, volume 25 (2002). For organizations, see page 308.

agriculture

animal husbandry see animal husbandry
tsetse distribution

Burkina Faso, 12299, 12302
Ethiopia, 12298, 12314
Tanzania, 12296
Zambia, 12210

breed choice, 12348, 12350, 12351, 12429
countries

Burkina Faso, 12299, 12350, 12418, 12429
Côte d’Ivoire, 12348, 12350
Kenya, 12315, 12351, 12417
Nigeria, 12350
Sudan, 12339
Zambia, 12340, 12430

drug use, 12354, 12417, 12423, 12430
research, 12352, 12353

see also immune response
blood (ELISA), 12341, 12342, 12415
CSF (LATEX/IgM), 12326, 12402

see also variant surface glycoproteins
blood/ELISA, 12419

colour, 12401
heat/moisture/CO₂, 12397
odour, 12209

barriers to reinvasion, Zimbabwe, 12307
Benin, 12310
Berenil see diminazene aceturate
biotechnology, use of trypanosomes, 12182, 12449
blood-brain barrier, 12149, 12153, 12333, 12408 see also cerebrospinal fluid
bongos, 12226
Boran cattle, 12163, 12346, 12426
Botswana

G. pallidipes, 12140
trypanosomiasis in cattle, 12421

animal husbandry, 12299, 12350, 12429
epidemiology

trypanosomiasis in animals, 12144
trypanosomiasis in cattle, 12309, 12311, 12313, 12343, 12418

GIS, 12144, 12311, 12313, 12418
G. m. submorsitans, 12302, 12390
G. p. gambiensis, 12144, 12297, 12302, 12309, 12311
G. tachinoides, 12144, 12302, 12309, 12311
tsetse control, 12299
tsetse distribution, 12302, 12309

camels, 12355, 12416
Cameroon, 12156
CATT (Card Agglutination Trypanosomiasis Test)

CIATT, 12328
EDTA, 12151
filter paper (micro-CATT), 12403, 12405
LATEX, 12405
LATEX/IgM (CSF), 12326, 12402
screening, 12151, 12328, 12403, 12405, 12412
whole blood, 12405

breeds

Baoulé, 12429
Boran, 12163, 12346, 12426
breed choice, 12348, 12350, 12351, 12429
Muturu, 12350
N’Dama

immune response, 12346
plasma lipids, 12428
superoxide production by neutrophils, 12426
tick-borne diseases, 12424
trypanotolerance, 12157, 12352, 12353

Orma Boran, 12351
Zebu, 12428, 12429

countries

Benin, 12310
Burkina Faso, 12299, 12350, 12418, 12429
Congo D.R., 12352
Côte d’Ivoire, 12348, 12350
Kenya, 12351
Nigeria, 12350
Sudan, 12339
Tanzania, 12296
Zambia, 12340, 12430

defensive behaviour, 12210 (correctly 12208)
diseases

parasitic, 12229, 12414
resistance, 12353
seasonal variation, 12339
tick-borne, 12312, 12424

drug assays, 12439
insecticide treatments, 12211, 12288, 12289, 12305
odour, 12209
trypanosomiasis see trypanosomiasis in cattle
trypanotolerance

breed choice, 12348, 12350, 12351, 12429
immune response, 12230
plasma lipids, 12428
research, 12157, 12347, 12352, 12353

vaccination, 12232

see also cerebrospinal fluid
blood-brain barrier, 12149, 12153, 12333
chemokines, 12220, 12268
melarsoprol, 12408
pathology, 12149, 12155, 12220, 12221

see also central nervous system
blood-brain barrier, 12149, 12153, 12333
cytokines, 12335, 12410
drugs, 12333, 12337, 12364, 12365, 12408
IgM, 12326, 12402
protein levels, 12221

humans, 12220
rodents, 12268, 12434

map, 12390

cattle, 12352
trypanosomiasis in humans, 12325
tsetse/trypanosomiasis control, 12318
wildlife, 12226

see also drugs
countries

Botswana, 12421
Burkina Faso, 12299
Côte d’Ivoire, 12301
Equatorial Guinea, 12320
Ethiopia, 12289, 12298
Kenya, 12290, 12303, 12308, 12316
Tanzania, 12296, 12304, 12306
Uganda, 12211, 12303, 12317
Zambia, 12305, 12319, 12420
Zimbabwe, 12307

genetic engineering of tsetse symbionts, 12141
GIS, 12319, 12420
socio-economic factors, 12288, 12299
strategy, 12288, 12318, 12357, 12420

community participation, 12288, 12289, 12290, 12296, 12301, 12303, 12308, 12357
government initiatives, 12387, 12388

trypanosomiasis in cattle, 12224, 12288, 12289, 12305

see also trypanotolerance

trypanosomiasis in humans, 12217, 12317, 12320
tsetse

fungal infection, 12142, 12400
genetic engineering, 12367
insecticide-treated cattle, 12211, 12288, 12289, 12305, 12316
integrated methods, 12307, 12421
lethal insect technology, 12289
SIT, 12205, 12212, 12292, 12304, 12306, 12388
traps, 12139, 12289, 12300, 12301, 12401

year 2050, 12143

CATT, 12328, 12405
genetics, 12148, 12215
PCR, 12218

cattle, 12346
humans, 12335, 12410
interferon-g, 12335, 12346, 12361, 12410
interleukins, 12335, 12346, 12361, 12410
lymphotoxin-a, 12162
mice, 12162, 12360, 12434
rats, 12361
TNF-a, 12185, 12335, 12346, 12360, 12361, 12410
type I/type II, 12434

Daniels, Charles Wilberforce, 12134
Dasso, 12312, 12424
deltamethrin, 12211
DFMO see eflornithine
diagnosis

techniques

buffy coat, 12413, 12419
CATT

CIATT, 12328
EDTA, 12151
filter paper (micro-CATT), 12403, 12405
LATEX, 12405
LATEX/IgM (CSF), 12326, 12402
screening, 12151, 12328, 12403, 12405, 12412
whole blood, 12405

comparison of methods, 12150, 12225, 12328, 12343, 12405, 12419
ELISA

antibody-detection, 12233, 12341, 12342, 12415
antigen-detection, 12419

FISH, 12433
image processing, 12223
PCR

animals, 12432
camels, 12416
cattle, 12227, 12343, 12358
horses, 12225
humans, 12218, 12331, 12404

PCR-ELISA, 12227
PCV, 12413
Procyclic Transformation Test, 12416
random amplification of polymorphic DNA, 12201
Western blot, 12234

trypanosomiasis in animals, 12150, 12432
trypanosomiasis in camels, 12416
trypanosomiasis in cattle

ELISA, 12233, 12341, 12342, 12415
PCR, 12227, 12343, 12358
PCV, 12413
Western blot, 12234

trypanosomiasis in horses, 12225
trypanosomiasis in humans, 12150

CATT, 12151, 12326, 12328, 12403, 12405

trypanosomiasis in humans (cont.)

CNS involvement, 12149, 12326, 12402
PCR, 12218, 12331, 12404
seroconversion, 12327

trypanosomiasis in pigs, 12419

ELISA, 12439
and liposomes, 12356
resistance/sensitivity, 12344, 12345, 12363, 12431
Trypan, 12355
use, 12354, 12417

trypanosome

see also polymerase chain reaction
binding proteins, 12484
J base, 12455, 12481
kinetoplast, 12260, 12383, 12482, 12484
microarrays, 12458
minichromosomes, 12483
polymerases, 12465
polymorphism, 12201, 12215, 12216, 12240
recombination, 12382, 12454, 12478

tsetse

cDNA, 12393, 12396
polymorphism, 12294, 12295, 12297

clinical trials, 12406, 12411
CSF, 12333, 12337, 12364, 12365, 12408
ELISA

diminazene aceturate, 12439
isometamidium, 12344, 12430

experimental

see also RNA (trypanosome), interference
acyl hydrazide proteinase inhibitors, 12244
5’-([(Z)-4-amino-2-butenyl]methylamino)-5’-deoxyadenosine analogues, 12440
anopheline glycoprotein, 12367
ascofuranone, 12237
azaanthraquinone, 12366
berberine, 12238
bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids, 12451
bisphosphonates, 12266
CGP 40215, 12365
deferoxamine, 12243
glutathione derivatives, 12177, 12438
helenalin, 12476
klaivanolide, 12235
metalloporphyrins, 12164
phenanthridines, 12444
plant extracts, 12159, 12166, 12231, 12235, 12238, 12366, 12437, 12451, 12476
SIPI 1029, 12364
stigmastane derivatives, 12166
withanolides, 12159

pharmacokinetics

CGP 40215, 12365
homidium, 12163
megazol, 12333
melarsoprol, 12406
SIPI 1029, 12364

research, 12155, 12165, 12409

computer assisted design, 12239

resistance/sensitivity

diminazene aceturate, 12344, 12345, 12363, 12431
eflornithine, 12336, 12337
homidium, 12431
isometamidium, 12344, 12345, 12363, 12431
melarsoprol, 12336, 12337, 12368, 12375

targets

congopain, 12236
farnesyltransferase, 12372
G3PDH, 12287, 12366
genomic approach, 12160
thiol metabolism, 12477
trypanosome alternative oxidase, 12237
trypanothione cycle, 12438

traditional, 12231, 12437
trypanocides, 12438

combination therapies, 12408, 12411
diminazene aceturate

ELISA, 12439
and liposomes, 12356
resistance/sensitivity, 12344, 12345, 12363, 12431
Trypan, 12355
use, 12354, 12417

eflornithine

in combination with melarsoprol, 12411
plasma/CSF levels, 12155, 12337
resistance/sensitivity, 12336
use, 12409

homidium bromide/chloride, 12163, 12431
isometamidium chloride

ELISA, 12344, 12430
quality control, 12359
resistance/sensitivity, 12344, 12345, 12363, 12431
use, 12354, 12358, 12417, 12423, 12430

megazol, 12333, 12409
melarsoprol

combination therapies, 12408, 12411
resistance/sensitivity, 12336, 12337, 12368, 12375
use, 12155, 12406, 12409, 12412

nifurtimox, 12155, 12409
pentamidine, 12155, 12165, 12412
suramin, 12155, 12408, 12472
Trypan, 12355

in combination with melarsoprol, 12411
plasma/CSF levels, 12155, 12337
resistance/sensitivity, 12336
use, 12409

ELISA

for drugs

diminazene aceturate, 12439
isometamidium, 12344, 12430

for trypanosomes

antibody-detection, 12233, 12341, 12342, 12415
antigen-detection, 12419

Wigglesworthia glossinidia

genome, 12389, 12395
proteins, 12392

trypanosomiasis in cattle

Botswana, 12421
Burkina Faso, 12144, 12309, 12311, 12343, 12418
Ethiopia, 12314, 12413
Kenya, 12224, 12330
Tanzania, 12344
Uganda, 12341, 12358, 12414
Zambia, 12345

trypanosomiasis in humans, 12213

Angola, 12332, 12412
Congo D.R., 12325
Equatorial Guinea, 12320
Sudan, 12322
Uganda, 12317, 12327

fungi, 12400
T. brucei, 12314
T. congolense, 12229, 12314, 12413
T. vivax, 12314, 12413
trypanosomiasis in cattle, 12229, 12289, 12314, 12413
tsetse distribution, 12298, 12314
tsetse/trypanosomiasis control, 12289, 12298, 12318

Fasciola spp., 12229
feeding behaviour, 12209, 12210 (correctly 12208), 12399
FITCA project, 12317, 12318
fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), 12433
fungus, tsetse infection, 12142, 12400

Gambia, 12225
genetic engineering

trypanosomes, 12182, 12203, 12449, 12474, 12481
tsetse, 12367
tsetse symbionts, 12141

cattle, trypanotolerance, 12352
mice

immune response, 12434
trypanotolerance, 12349

Trypanosoma

syntaxin genes, 12242
taxonomy, 12240, 12241, 12432, 12433, 12441, 12442
VSG genes, 12246

Trypanosoma brucei

genes

FLA1, 12261
ND8, 12192
QM, 12265
VSG, 12382
VSG gene expression sites, 12283, 12445

genome sequencing, 12147, 12160, 12168
life cycle, 12458
minisatellite variability, 12216
population, 12145
recombination, 12454
retroelement insertion points, 12447, 12448

Trypanosoma brucei brucei

thioredoxin gene, 12475
variability, 12167, 12240, 12475

Trypanosoma brucei gambiense

drug resistance, 12375
variability, 12148, 12167, 12215, 12240

Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense

drug resistance, 12375
variability, 12240

Trypanosoma evansi, 12201
tsetse

genes

chitinase, 12396
gut, 12138
proventriculus, 12393

sex-ratio distortion, 12390
variability, 12140, 12206, 12294, 12295, 12297, 12398

Wigglesworthia glossinidia, 12389, 12395

Benin, 12310
Burkina Faso, 12144, 12311, 12313, 12418
control, 12319, 12420
Zambia, 12319, 12420

see also individual species
control

fungal infection, 12142, 12400
genetic engineering, 12367
insecticide-treated cattle, 12211, 12288, 12289, 12305, 12316
integrated methods, 12307, 12421
lethal insect technology, 12289
SIT, 12205, 12212, 12292, 12304, 12306, 12388
traps, 12139, 12289, 12300, 12301, 12401

endosymbionts, 12389, 12392, 12395
feeding behaviour, 12209, 12210 (correctly 12208), 12399
peritrophic matrix, 12393
taxonomy, 12394
transgenic, 12367
vector/parasite interactions, 12293
year 2050, 12143
and zebra, 12399

pheromones, 12137
Tanzania, 12306
traps, 12300

Congo D.R., 12226
Tanzania, 12296, 12304
traps, 12300, 12401

Glossina fuscipes

Ethiopia, 12314
trypanolysin, 12293

Glossina fuscipes fuscipes

countries

Ethiopia, 12298
Tanzania, 12296
Uganda, 12294

deltamethrin, 12211
fungal infection, 12142
genetics, 12294

attractants, 12209, 12397
endosymbionts, 12392
fungal infection, 12400
genes

chitinase, 12396
gut, 12138
proventriculus, 12393

genetic diversity, 12206, 12295, 12398
host preferences, 12209
proteins

chitinase, 12396
midgut, endosymbiont, 12392
peritrophic matrix, 12393
salivary gland, 12391

seasonal distribution, 12210
vector/parasite interactions, 12391, 12392
Zambia, 12210, 12305
Zimbabwe, 12307

Burkina Faso, 12302
chromosome maps, 12390
genetic diversity, 12206, 12295, 12398
sex-ratio distortion, 12390

attractants, 12209
countries

Ethiopia, 12289, 12298, 12314
Kenya, 12140, 12316
southern Africa, 12140
Tanzania, 12296
Zimbabwe, 12307

genetics, 12140, 12295
SIT

sex separation, 12292
sexual reproduction, 12205

traps, 12139, 12401

Burkina Faso, 12144, 12302, 12309, 12311

genetics, 12297

anchored proteins, 12173, 12373, 12376

see also variant surface glycoproteins

anchors, 12376, 12468
signal sequence, 12172
synthesis, 12197, 12456
transport, 12270

drug testing, 12431
helminth infections, 12427
Kenya, 12315, 12417, 12423
trypanosomiasis, 12423

haematology, 12425

haematocrit, 12413, 12419
haematology

cattle, 12428
goats, 12425
sheep, 12436

cattle, 12229
goats, 12427

chemokines/cytokines, 12220, 12410
trypanosomiasis see trypanosomiasis in humans

immune response

cattle, 12230, 12346
humans, 12149, 12154, 12219, 12220, 12335, 12410
immune suppression, 12346
inflammation, 12460
macrophage activation, 12274, 12434, 12468
mice, 12162, 12360, 12434
rats, 12268, 12361, 12460
tsetse, 12207

see also prevalence
trypanosomiasis in cattle

Burkina Faso, 12309
Kenya, 12224

trypanosomiasis in horses & donkeys, 12225
trypanosomiasis in humans

Kenya, 12330
Kinshasa, 12325
Uganda, 12317

fungal spores, 12142, 12400
live bait technique, 12289, 12316

cyfluthrin, 12305
deltamethrin, 12211

ELISA, 12344, 12430
quality control, 12359
resistance/sensitivity, 12344, 12345, 12363, 12431
use, 12354, 12358, 12417, 12423, 12430

Kenya

cattle, 12351
G. pallidipes, 12140, 12316
sheep and goats, 12315, 12417, 12423
trypanosomiasis in camels, 12416
trypanosomiasis in cattle, 12224
trypanosomiasis in humans, 12330
trypanosomiasis in livestock, 12316
tsetse distribution, 12316
tsetse/trypanosomiasis control, 12290, 12303, 12308, 12316

kinetoplasts

development, 12480
DNA, 12260, 12482

lost, 12383

phosphorylation, 12446
proteins

DNA-binding, 12484
DNA polymerase, 12465
endoribonuclease, 12196
NADH dehydrogenase, 12180, 12459
RNA polymerase, 12252

RNA

editing, 12171, 12192, 12263, 12285
transfer, 12188, 12199, 12281

superoxide, 12459

land use

tsetse distribution

Burkina Faso, 12299, 12302
Ethiopia, 12298, 12314
Tanzania, 12296
Zambia, 12210

experimental drugs, 12235, 12451
folate metabolism, 12251, 12269
iron uptake, 12386

lymphocytes, 12230
macrophages, 12274, 12434, 12468
neutrophils, 12426

macrophages, 12274, 12434, 12468
Mafia Island (Tanzania), 12304
malaria, 12134, 12179, 12355, 12437
megazol, 12333, 12409
melarsoprol

combination therapies, 12408, 12411
resistance/sensitivity, 12336, 12337, 12368, 12375
use, 12155, 12406, 12409, 12412

drug testing, 12356, 12363
genetics, 12349, 12434
immune response, 12162, 12360, 12434
T. brucei infection, 12162
T. congolense infection, 12228, 12360, 12363, 12434
T. evansi infection, 12356
trypanosome lytic factor, 12161
trypanotolerance, 12157, 12349, 12360, 12434

drug testing

CGP 40215, 12365
megazol, 12333
SIPI 1029, 12364

immune response, 12346
plasma lipids, 12428
superoxide production by neutrophils, 12426
tick-borne diseases, 12424
trypanotolerance, 12157, 12352, 12353

cattle, 12350
G. m. submorsitans, 12390
traditional treatments for trypanosomiasis, 12231
trypanosomiasis in humans, 12321
trypanosomiasis in pigs, 12419
tsetse/trypanosomiasis control, 12318

see also cytokines

odour attractants, 12209

PAAT (Programme against Animal Trypanosomiasis), 12135
packed cell volume (PCV), 12413
Pan African Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis Eradication Campaign (PATTEC), 12387, 12388
pastoralism see animal husbandry
PCR see polymerase chain reaction
pentamidine, 12155, 12165, 12412
pesticides see insecticides
pharmacology see drugs
pheromones, G. austeni, 12137
pigs

T. brucei, 12419
T. b. gambiense, Cameroon, 12156

trypanosomiasis in animals, 12432
trypanosomiasis in camels, 12416
trypanosomiasis in cattle, 12227, 12343, 12358
trypanosomiasis in horses, 12225
trypanosomiasis in humans, 12218, 12331, 12404

see also incidence
trypanosomiasis in cattle

Botswana, 12421
Burkina Faso, 12343, 12418
Ethiopia, 12314, 12413
Tanzania, 12344
Uganda, 12341, 12358
Zambia, 12345

trypanosomiasis in horses & donkeys, 12225
trypanosomiasis in humans

Angola, 12332, 12412
Equatorial Guinea, 12320
Sudan, 12322

rats

endotoxin production, 12361, 12362
immune response, 12268, 12361, 12460
intestinal pathology, 12361, 12362
mRNA, 12460
T. b. brucei infection, 12268, 12361, 12362, 12460
T. congolense infection, histology, 12435

binding proteins, 12195, 12473
editing, 12184, 12187, 12262, 12271

in mitochondria, 12171, 12263, 12285
proteins, 12171, 12198, 12248, 12249, 12255, 12464

guide, 12263
interference, 12152, 12202, 12250, 12258, 12379, 12380, 12467
kinetoplast

editing, 12171, 12263, 12285
polymerase, 12252
tRNA, 12188, 12199, 12281

messenger, 12263, 12474

stability, 12452

polymerase, 12252
small nuclear, 12186, 12271
transcription, 12245, 12252
transfer, 12188, 12199, 12281

Samorin see isometamidium chloride
screening

see also diagnosis
trypanosomiasis in humans, 12151, 12328, 12403, 12405, 12412

cattle diseases, 12312, 12424
G. p. gambiensis, 12297

cytokine levels, humans, 12335, 12410
drug levels, 12333, 12337, 12439
lipid levels, cattle, 12428

haematology, 12436
Kenya

economics, 12315, 12417
trypanosomiasis, 12423

G. pallidipes, 12140
tsetse traps, 12300

G. pallidipes

sex separation, 12292
sexual reproduction, 12205

Tanzania, 12304, 12306

effect on wildlife, 12226
feeding behaviour, 12210 (correctly 12208)
Tanzania, 12306
traps, 12401

cattle diseases, 12339
medicinal plants, 12437
trypanosomiasis in humans, 12322, 12323, 12403

Wigglesworthia glossinidia

genome, 12389, 12395
proteins, 12392

Tanzania

cattle, 12296
Mafia Island, 12304
SIT, 12304, 12306
trypanosomiasis in cattle, 12344
trypanosomiasis in humans

diagnosis, 12328
tourism, 12324

tsetse control, 12296, 12304, 12306
tsetse distribution, 12296
Unguja Island, 12306

trypanosomes, genetic, 12240, 12241, 12432, 12433, 12441, 12442
tsetse, 12394

proteins, 12175, 12246
retroelement insertion points, 12447, 12448

trypanosomiasis in cattle, 12144, 12309, 12311, 12313
trypanosomiasis in humans, 12322, 12412

Côte d’Ivoire, 12301
efficiency, 12139
electric nets, 12139
fungal contamination, 12142
H, 12300
NG2G, 12139
Nzi, 12401
odour-baited, 12289

see also individual species/subspecies
blood-brain barrier, 12153
cell division, 12282
cytoskeleton, 12256, 12381
DNA, kinetoplast, 12260, 12482
drugs, experimental, 12159, 12166, 12237, 12476
endocytosis, 12193
flagellar pocket, 12193
folate metabolism, 12251, 12269
genes, 12242, 12246
genetically engineered, 12449
glucose, 12462
glycosomes, 12462
infectivity, 12219
kinetoplasts

development, 12480
DNA, 12260, 12482
RNA editing, 12263, 12285
RNA polymerase, 12252

life cycle, 12146, 12480
membranes, 12242
metabolic pathways, 12179
NMR spectroscopy, 12378
phosphates, 12378
proteins

glycoproteins, 12380
hydrolases, 12153
Ku, 12246
nucleobase transporters, 12384
RNA polymerase, 12252
secretory pathway, 12189
signal peptide-binding, 12467
trans-sialidase, 12453
trypanin, 12256
trypanosome alternative oxidase, 12237
tubulin, 12381

RNA

editing, 12263, 12285
guide, 12263
interference, 12152, 12380, 12467
kinetoplast, 12263, 12285
messenger, 12263
transcription, 12252

taxonomy, genetic, 12240, 12241, 12432, 12433, 12441, 12442
TNF-a in axenic culture, 12185
vaccines, 12232
vector/parasite interactions, 12293, 12391, 12392
VSG, 12246

acidocalcisomes, 12178
calcium, 12191
cell biology, 12160
cell division, 12257, 12463, 12471
cell mobility, 12261
countries

Ethiopia, 12314
Gambia, 12225
Kenya, 12416
Uganda, 12358

cytoskeleton, 12200
DNA

J base, 12455, 12481
kinetoplast, 12383
minichromosomes, 12483
repair/recombination, 12478

drugs

diminazene aceturate, 12431
experimental, 12238, 12243, 12244, 12440, 12444
homidium chloride, 12431
isometamidium chloride, 12431
suramin, 12472
targets, 12438, 12477

flagellum, 12261
galactose metabolism, 12277
genetics

genes

FLA1, 12261
ND8, 12192
QM, 12265
VSG, 12382
VSG gene expression sites, 12283, 12445

genetically engineered, 12182, 12474
genome sequence, 12147, 12160, 12168
life cycle, 12458
minisatellite variability, 12216
population, 12145
recombination, 12454
retroelement insertion points, 12447, 12448

glycosomes, 12247, 12374
GPI

-anchored proteins, 12172, 12270, 12373, 12376
anchors, 12376
synthesis, 12197, 12456
transport, 12270

host immune response, 12220
infecting camels, 12416
infecting cattle, 12227, 12358
infecting horses and donkeys, 12225
infecting mice, 12162
infecting pigs, 12419
infecting sheep, 12436
iron metabolism, 12243, 12386
kinetoplasts

lost DNA, 12383
ND8 editing gene, 12192
phosphorylation, 12446
proteins, 12171, 12180, 12196, 12459, 12465
tRNA, 12188, 12199, 12281
superoxide, 12459

life cycle, 12160

developmentally regulated proteins, 12259, 12272, 12369
differentiation, 12183
gene expression, 12458
kinetoplasts, 12383
plasma membrane, 12443

lysosomes, 12369
membranes, 12270, 12279, 12470

plasma membrane, 12443

mitochondria see kinetoplasts above
nucleolus, 12194
PCR, 12225, 12227, 12343, 12416
phosphorylation, 12194, 12446
proteasomes, 12264, 12466
protein degradation pathway, 12264
proteins

cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase, 12275, 12286
arginine kinase, 12273
carboxyl methyltransferase, 12450
CCCH, 12183
CK2, 12194
cyclophilin A homologue, 12272
cytochrome c oxidase, 12469
cytoskeleton, 12200
DNA polymerase, 12465
endo-ribonuclease, 12196
ESAG 8, 12254
farnesyltransferase, 12372
gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, 12169
Golgi, 12259, 12470
GPI-anchored, 12172, 12270, 12373, 12376
GPI synthesis, 12456
GTPase, 12259, 12270
H+ pump pyrophosphatases, 12190
hexokinase, 12385
histone deacetylases, 12257
J base-binding, 12455
kinesin, 12178
lysosomal membrane, 12369
metacaspase, 12280
MRE11, 12382, 12478
NADH dehydrogenase, 12180, 12459
NADH-fumarate reductase, 12457
nucleoside transporters, 12278
phosphofructokinase, 12371
procyclins, 12174
proteasome, 12466
protein kinases, 12463, 12471
pyruvate phosphate dikinase, 12247
Rab5 GTPase, 12270
RNA binding, 12195, 12473
RNA editing, 12171, 12198, 12248, 12249, 12255, 12464
RNA polymerase, 12245
telomere-binding, 12175
Tn5 complexes, 12279
transferrin receptor, 12181
trans-sialidase, 12267
triosephosphate isomerase, 12176, 12253
trypanosome alternative oxidase, 12452
trypanosome lymphocyte triggering factor, 12220
tryparedoxin, 12276
TUTase, 12171

RNA

binding proteins, 12195, 12473
editing, 12184, 12187, 12262, 12271

mitochondria, 12171
proteins, 12171, 12198, 12248, 12249, 12255, 12464

interference, 12202, 12250, 12379
messenger, 12452, 12474

stability, 12452

small nuclear, 12186, 12271
transcription, 12245
transfer, 12188, 12199, 12281

superoxide production, 12459
taxonomy, 12441
thiol metabolism, 12477
trypanosome lytic factor, 12161
trypanothione cycle, 12438
VSG

gene expression sites, 12283, 12445
genes, 12382

drugs, experimental, 12164, 12177, 12235, 12451
genetics, 12167, 12240, 12475
infecting rats, 12268, 12361, 12362, 12460
trypanolysin, 12293
trypanosome alternative oxidase, 12170, 12461
tsetse immune response to, 12207

adenosine transporters, 12375
Cameroon, 12156
genetics

drug resistance, 12375
variability, 12148, 12167, 12215, 12240

infecting monkeys, megazol, 12333
infecting pigs, 12156
trypanosomiasis in humans

CNS effects, 12221
cytokines, 12335, 12410
diagnosis

CATT, 12151, 12326, 12328, 12403, 12405
PCR, 12218, 12331, 12404

drugs, 12155, 12336, 12337, 12411, 12412

resistance, 12368, 12375

epidemiology, 12213, 12327, 12412
Uganda, 12327, 12336, 12337, 12368

drugs

experimental, 12177, 12266, 12364, 12365
resistance, 12375
targets, 12287
traditional remedies, 12437

genetics

drug resistance, 12375
variability, 12240

proteins

adenosine transporters, 12375
G3PDH, 12287

taxonomy, 12441
trypanosomiasis in humans

case histories, 12222
diagnosis, 12328
treatment, 12155

countries

Ethiopia, 12229, 12314, 12413
Gambia, 12225
Kenya, 12316, 12416
Tanzania, 12304

diagnosis

ELISA, 12233, 12341, 12342, 12415
PCR, 12225, 12343, 12416

drugs

experimental, 12366, 12367
resistance, 12163, 12344, 12345
sensitivity test, 12363

host resistance, 12349
infecting camels, 12416
infecting cattle, 12163, 12229, 12413, 12422, 12426
infecting goats, 12425, 12427
infecting horses and donkeys, 12225
infecting mice, 12228, 12360, 12363, 12434
infecting rats, 12435
infecting sheep, 12436
pathogenicity of subtypes, 12228, 12422
proteins

congopain, 12236
heat shock, 12233
surface glycoproteins, 12173, 12377, 12479

RNA interference, 12258

exocytosis, 12370
image processing, 12223
kinetoplast DNA-binding proteins, 12484
membranes, 12370
traditional remedies, 12437

calcium, 12191
diagnosis, 12234, 12416
genetics, 12201
infecting camels, 12355, 12416
infecting mice, drug testing, 12356
Kenya, 12416
kinetoplasts, 12383
VSGs, 12203, 12234

countries

Ethiopia, 12314, 12413
Gambia, 12225
Kenya, 12224, 12316
Uganda, 12358

diagnosis

ELISA, 12341, 12342, 12415
PCR, 12225, 12227, 12343

infecting cattle, 12224, 12227, 12358, 12413
infecting horses and donkeys, 12225
proteins

GPI-anchored, 12234
nucleoside hydrolase, 12284

control, GIS, 12319, 12420
diagnosis, 12150
PAAT, 12135
public health, 12136, 12143, 12204
vaccination, 12158
year 2050, 12143

control, 12224, 12288, 12289

pour-on, 12211, 12288, 12289, 12305, 12316

countries

Benin, 12310
Botswana, 12421
Burkina Faso, 12144, 12299, 12309, 12311, 12313, 12343, 12418
Ethiopia, 12229, 12289, 12314, 12413
Kenya, 12224, 12316
Nigeria, 12231
Sudan, 12339
Tanzania, 12296, 12344
Uganda, 12341, 12358, 12414, 12431
Zambia, 12305, 12340, 12345, 12354, 12430

diagnosis

ELISA, 12233, 12341, 12342, 12415
PCR, 12227, 12343, 12358
PCV, 12413
Western blot, 12234

drugs

diminazene aceturate, 12344, 12345, 12354, 12431
homidium, 12163, 12431
isometamidium, 12344, 12345, 12354, 12358, 12430, 12431
resistance, 12163, 12344, 12345
traditional, 12231

economic impact, 12340, 12348, 12350
epidemiology

Botswana, 12421
Burkina Faso, 12144, 12309, 12311, 12313, 12343, 12418
Ethiopia, 12314, 12413
Kenya, 12224
Tanzania, 12344
Uganda, 12341, 12358, 12414
Zambia, 12345

Fasciola infections, 12229
immune response, 12230, 12346
neutrophil response, 12426
T. brucei, 12227, 12358
T. congolense, 12163, 12229, 12413, 12422, 12426
T. vivax, 12224, 12227, 12358, 12413

clinical patterns, 12155, 12215, 12216, 12222, 12323, 12334
CNS involvement, 12149, 12221, 12326, 12402
control, 12217, 12317, 12320
countries

Angola, 12332, 12412
Central African Republic, 12405
Congo D. R., 12325
Côte d’Ivoire, 12148, 12215, 12218, 12328, 12405
Equatorial Guinea, 12320
Ghana, 12328
Kenya, 12330
Nigeria, 12321
Sudan, 12322, 12323, 12403
Tanzania, 12324, 12328
Uganda, 12317, 12327, 12328, 12336, 12337, 12368

cytokines, 12335, 12410
diagnosis, 12150

CATT, 12151, 12326, 12328, 12402, 12403, 12405
CNS involvement, 12149, 12326, 12402
PCR, 12218, 12331, 12404
seroconversion, 12327

drugs

eflornithine, 12336, 12337, 12411
melarsoprol, 12336, 12337, 12368, 12375, 12406, 12408, 12411, 12412
pentamidine, 12412
R&D, 12155, 12409
resistance, 12368, 12375
suramin, 12408
Trypan, 12355

epidemiology, 12213, 12214

Angola, 12332, 12412
Congo D. R., 12325
Equatorial Guinea, 12320
Kenya, 12330
Sudan, 12322
Uganda, 12317, 12327

genetics, 12148, 12215
immune response, 12149, 12154, 12219, 12335, 12410
T. b. gambiense

CNS involvement, 12221
cytokines, 12335, 12410
diagnosis

CATT, 12151, 12326, 12328, 12403, 12405
PCR, 12331, 12404

drugs, 12155, 12336, 12337, 12368, 12375, 12406, 12411, 12412

T. b. gambiense (cont.)

epidemiology, 12213, 12327, 12412
genetics, 12148, 12215
Uganda, 12327, 12336, 12337, 12368

T. b. rhodesiense

clinical patterns, 12222
diagnosis, 12328
drugs, 12155, 12375

tourists, 12222, 12324, 12329, 12407

T. brucei, 12419
T. b. gambiense, Cameroon, 12156

cattle

breed choice, 12348, 12350, 12351, 12429
immune response, 12230
plasma lipids, 12428
research, 12157, 12347, 12352, 12353

mice, 12157, 12349, 12360, 12434

in cattle, 12346
in culture, 12185
in humans, 12335, 12410
in rodents, 12360, 12361

Uganda

G. f. fuscipes, 12294
T. brucei, 12358
T. vivax, 12358
trypanosomiasis in cattle

epidemiology, 12341, 12358, 12414
treatment, 12358, 12431

trypanosomiasis in humans

control, 12317
diagnosis, 12328
drugs, 12336, 12337, 12368
epidemiology, 12317, 12327
T. b. gambiense, 12327, 12336, 12337, 12368

tsetse/trypanosomiasis control, 12211, 12303, 12317, 12318

vaccination, 12158, 12232, 12236
variant surface glycoproteins (VSG)

genes, 12246, 12382

expression sites, 12254, 12283, 12445

GPI-anchored proteins, 12172, 12173, 12373, 12376
GPI anchors

exchange, 12376
signal sequence, 12172

host immune response, 12154, 12468
secretory pathway, 12189
T. congolense, 12479
T. evansi, 12203, 12234

waterbuck, odour, 12209
white blood cells see leucocytes
Wigglesworthia glossinidia

genome, 12389, 12395
proteins, 12392

control of trypanosomiasis, 12212
mortality, 12226
odour attractants, 12209

Zambia

GIS, 12319, 12420
G. m. morsitans, 12210, 12305
trypanosomiasis in cattle

control, 12305
drugs, 12345, 12354, 12430
economic impact, 12340
prevalence, 12345

tsetse/trypanosomiasis control, 12305, 12319, 12420

G. pallidipes, 12140
tsetse control, 12307