CBPP control is achieved by eliminating the whole cattle herd population, i.e. stamping out, wherever the disease is detected. However, this may not prove realistic, and quarantine coupled with vaccination is the most frequently used CBPP control measure. To be effective, vaccination must target 100 percent of cattle within an epidemiological and geographically defined area. Vaccination must be repeated, initially at short intervals and thereafter annually over several years, i.e. not less than three to five years. Such vaccination must be maintained until evidence of CBPP eradication is demonstrated by structured surveillance. Live attenuated vaccines (T1 strain) are widely used in Africa, and only those with quality assurance certification should be used. Vaccine quality control is, therefore, an essential component of CBPP control programmes.