Celebrating the Potato: A Global Treasure for Food Security and Biodiversity

Today the Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture joins the world in celebrating the International Day of Potato. This is an important occasion to recognize the significance of the potato as a global food source, a key player in food security, and a vital part of agricultural biodiversity.

The Potato's Role in Global Food Security and Rural Livelihoods
Potatoes are the world’s fourth most important food crop, after rice, wheat and maize. They are grown in over 150 countries and are a key dietary staple in both developed and developing nations. The potato's versatility and high yield make it an essential crop for feeding a growing global population. Rich in carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals, potatoes are an important component of healthy diet and a key source of calories, especially in regions where other staple crops may not be as easily cultivated.

Potatoes are more than just a staple food; they are also a crucial crop for the livelihoods of millions of people worldwide. 

As part of the Commission's mission to conserve and sustainably use genetic resources, we emphasize the importance of preserving the diverse varieties of potatoes that exist across the globe.

Potatoes are highly adaptable, thriving in various climates and altitudes. This adaptability makes them a resilient crop, essential for ensuring food security in the face of climate change and unpredictable weather patterns.

Biodiversity and Conservation
Potatoes display a remarkable level of genetic diversity, surpassing that of many other major crops, because of natural variation within and between species and extensive crossbreeding during domestication over the past few millennia.  There are more than 4 000 varieties of native potatoes and over 180 wild potato species. 

“At the Commission, we understand that genetic diversity is at the heart of crop resilience. The vast genetic pool of potatoes holds valuable traits, such as resistance to pests, diseases, and environmental stresses. This diversity is not only essential for improving food security today but also crucial for future generations” said Manoela Pessoa de Miranda, Secretary of the Commission.

Efforts to conserve potato varieties—especially those from indigenous and local communities—are a top priority. The Commission works alongside global partners to safeguard these invaluable genetic resources, ensuring that they remain available for research, breeding, and sustainable agricultural practices.

The Contribution of Indigenous Peoples and Women   
Indigenous Peoples and potatoes have a deep, intertwined history. Potatoes have been a staple food for Indigenous Peoples in South America for thousands of years and were responsible, at least in part, for much of the early migration across the Americas. 

Potatoes are not just a food source but also a cultural heritage, passed down through generations in recipes, traditions, and practices. They are also a symbol of resilience, survival, and cultural identity for many Indigenous Peoples.

Women play a critical role in producing potatoes. They are also the decision makers in families and communities regarding health and nutrition, and keepers of a wealth of knowledge surrounding crop production and benefits. They ensure that the genetic diversity of potatoes and the knowledge associated with them are passed from one generation to the next. 

Looking Ahead
Potatoes can play an even greater role in addressing the challenges of food insecurity and climate change. By preserving its genetic diversity and promoting sustainable practices, while ensuring the fair and equitable sharing of benefits from their use, we can ensure that this versatile crop continues to nourish the world for generations to come.

On this International Day of Potato, the Commission celebrates the incredible contributions of potatoes to global food security and commit to working together for a more sustainable and resilient future.

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