The atlas describes the country’s climate and how it has changed over the last 30 years. It presents information such as minimum and maximum temperatures; the number of days with extreme temperature events; and agroclimatological studies during the 1990–2019 period. 

This report presents the results of a rapid assessment of climate technologies in Kazakhstan’s agrifood sector. It finds that precision agriculture, fattening units and conservation agriculture are attractive to private investors given their high rates of return and shorter payback periods.

Despite the growing global support for capacity building to improve soil management, the estimation and reporting of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and removals, especially from mineral soils in national GHG inventories, is still very limited. In 2021, the Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) and FAO conducted a global survey to assess how countries have addressed the estimation of carbon stock changes (CSCs) in mineral soils in their GHG inventories. This report presents the findings from the survey.

Under the Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF) there is a mandatory requirement for all countries party to the Paris Agreement to estimate and report on uncertainty in their National Greenhouse Gas inventories. This course has been developed by FAO to strengthen institutional and technical capacity in national entities to allow them to meet this requirement and produce reliable data.

This report provides a unique, sector-specific synthesis of the agriculture, water and land use sectors in the nationally determined contributions from Near East and North Africa. It summarizes the substantial contributions already put forward by countries, opportunities for further action and the gaps, barriers and needs that will need to be addressed if the region is to raise mitigation and adaptation ambitions. The findings of this report will help member countries to reflect on their progress in advancing toward nationally determined contributions priorities for agriculture, water and land use, and associated national climate goals including related targets under the Sustainable Development Goals.