Case Study of Malawi Zebu Cattle: Animal Genetic Resources

Malawi has valuable indigenous livestock, particularly the Malawi Zebu cattle, which are well adapted to local climates, disease challenges, and low-input systems. However, these genetic resources are increasingly threatened by indiscriminate crossbreeding, shifting production practices, and limited conservation efforts.

This case study highlights community-based conservation approaches led by the Department of Agricultural Research Services (DARS), in partnership with the Department of Animal Health and Livestock Development (DAHLD) and the Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR). The initiative promotes in situ conservation at Mbawa (Mzimba District) and Chitala (Salima District) research stations, alongside active participation of 62 community-based farmers, of whom 19 are women. It also supports the establishment of community breeding programs and the promotion of locally adapted breeds, with a strong emphasis on women’s empowerment.

Through participatory selection, performance recording, and awareness creation, the program has improved productivity, strengthened genetic diversity, and increased appreciation of indigenous breeds. Linking conservation with livelihoods has enhanced adoption, demonstrating that community-driven approaches can support sustainable, climate-resilient livestock systems.

Authors

• Judith Kanyama Chikoti – Department of Agricultural Research Services (DARS), Malawi
• Timothy Gondwe – Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR)
• Wilson Nandolo – Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (LUANAR)
• Theodora Chikoko – Department of Animal Health and Livestock Development (DAHLD), Malawi