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Kumar, V. and Asija2000.Biodiversity Conservation in: Biodiversity-Principles and Conservation.Agrobiosis (India), Jodhpur
Parrota, J.A.2001.Healing Plants of Peninsular India. CABI, New York
Singh, H.P.2001. National perspective on development of medicinal and aromatic plants. Technical report, Agri Watch
Table 1 A list of important medicinal trees and their uses in Maradavally Forest
S.N. |
Common Name |
Scientific Name |
Part Used |
Medicinal uses |
1 |
Alexandrian laurel (Sura honne) |
Calophyllum inophullum |
Bark |
Juice, Ulcers, inflammation, internal hemorrhage, purgative, sore eyes |
2 |
Torchwood tree (Arishina gurige) |
Cochlospermum religiosum |
Gum |
Stomachic, sedative gonorrhea, syphilis, asthma |
3 |
Spanish chesy (Bakula, Ranjalu) |
Mimusops elengi |
Fruit pulp and Seeds |
Chronic dysentery, purgative, chronic constipation |
4 |
Garcinia (Uppage) |
Garcinia cambogia |
Fruit |
Antiseptic, rheumatism |
5 |
Grewia (Dhadasalu/ Bhootale) |
Grewia tyliaefolia |
Bark |
Dysentery, diarrhea cowitch |
6 |
Wild Jack (Hebbalsu) |
Artocarpus hisutus |
Leaves & Juice |
Inflammatory swellings |
7 |
Cinnamom (Nishini/Dalchini) |
Cinnamomum verum |
Bark |
Stimulant, expectorant, carminative, gastric irritations, nausea |
8 |
Alangium (Ankole) |
Alangium salvifolium |
Root bark |
Anti pyretic, diaphoretic, purgative,emetic, snake bites, diarrhea, worms, syphilis, skin diseases |
9 |
Indian Trumphet Flower (Anangi) |
Orexyllum indicum |
All the parts |
Dashamoola, astringent, carminative,diuretic, aphrodisiac, fevers, cough, respiratory disorders |
10 |
Emetic nut (Aramadalu) |
Catunaregam spinnosa |
Fruit |
Nausea, expectorant, diaphoretic, hysteria |
11 |
Black Myrobolan Tree (Alale) |
Terminalia chebula |
Fruits |
Laxative, carminative, digestion, expectorant, antihelmentic, alternative purpose, healing of wounds, ulcers, swellings, diabetes, anemia, cardiac disorders. |
12 |
Arjun tree (Matti) |
Terminalia arjuna |
Bark |
Alexiteric, styptic, antidysentric, cardiac diseases, blood diseases, fever, fractures, obesity, skin diseases |
13 |
Bellaric Myrobolan (Thare) |
Terminalia bellarica |
Fruits |
Laxative, antihelmentic, bronchitis, sore throat, asthma, opthalmia. |
14 |
Matchstick tree (Maddale) |
Alstonia scholaris |
Bark |
Anti choleric, vulnerary properties, ailments to relieve sprains, bruises and dislocated joints |
15 |
Kokam butler tree (Murugana/Dhupada mara) |
Garcinia indica |
Fruits |
Anthelmentic, cardiotonic, piles, dysentery, tumors, heart ailments. |
16 |
Silk cotton tree (Bhuruga) |
Bombax Ceiba |
Flowers, Leaves, Fruits |
Astringent, cooling, relieves swellings, skin troubles. expectorant, stimulant, diuretic, ulcer of kidneys. |
17 |
Indian laburnum (Golden shower/ kakke) |
Cassia fistula |
Dried Pods, pulp Bark |
Laxative, antiviral, purgative, disorders of liver and biliousness |
18 |
Indian Sago Palm (Bhagini) |
Caryota urens |
Nuts |
Hemicrania, fatigue, laxative. |
19 |
Fruit Root Bark Oil |
Zanthoxyllum rhesta |
Fruit Root Bark Oil |
Astringent, stomachic, dyspepsia, rheumatism, diarrhea purgative, of kidneys. |
20 |
Indian Ell Jungle cork Tree (Thapasi) |
Holoptelea integrifolia |
Bark leaves |
Edema, diabetes, leprosy, skin diseases,intestinal disorders, piles. |
Table 2 A list of important medicinal shrubs and their uses in Maradavally Forest
S.N. |
Common Name |
Scientific Name |
Part Used |
Medicinal Uses |
1 |
Indian Gooseberry (Nelli) |
Phyllanthus embelica |
Fruit |
Acidic, acrid, astringent diuretic, laxative,rich in vitamin'c', leprosy, piles, anemia, triphala |
2 |
Wild Jasmine (Kare) |
Canthium parvifolium |
Leaves, Fruit |
Astringent against cough and indigestion,anti spasmodic |
3 |
Solid Bamboo (Bidiru) |
Dendrocalamus strictus |
Siliceous matter near joints, Juice |
Cooling, astringent, healing of cuts, eardrops |
4 |
Embelia (Vayuvilanga) |
Embelia ribes |
Fruit, Seeds |
Vermicide, antispasmodic, carminative, anthelmenthic, stomachic, skin diseases, oedema, rheumatism |
5 |
Camel's Foot Climber (Parige) |
Banhinia Vahlii |
Seeds Leaves |
Aphrodisiac, demulcent, mucilageneous |
6 |
Elephant Apple (Ganagalu) |
Delania indica |
Fruit |
Tonic, mild laxative, abdominal pains, fever, cough mixture |
7 |
Christ's Thorn (Kavali) |
Carrissa Carandus |
Roots, Leaves, Fruits |
Stomachic, antihelmentic, cardio tonic activity.remittent fevers,antiscorbutic, pickles and beverages |
8 |
Queen of Flowers(Holedasavala) |
Laegestroemia speciosa |
Leaves, Roots, Bark |
Purgative, deobstruent, diuretic astringent, stimulant febrifuge |
9 |
White Emetic Nut(Bikke) |
Gardenia resinifera |
Leaf, buds, Young shoots |
Cumbi gum-antispasmodic, expectorant, diaphoretic, carminative, antihelmentic.relieves constipation, pain, treats worms |
10 |
Gantubharangi |
Clerodendrum serrata |
Roots |
Respiratory diseases, antispasmodic, carminative, expectorant, epilepsy, intermittent fevers, asthma, dropsy, mental |
Table 3. This table identifies important medicinal climbers and their uses in Maradavally Forest
S.N. |
Common Name |
Scientific Name |
Part Used |
Medicinal Uses |
1 |
Amrutaballi |
Tinospora cordifolia |
Mature stem |
Tonic and stomachic, fever, jaundice, burning sensations, diabetes, piles, skin ailments,respiratory disorders, neural diseases, urinary diseases |
2 |
Chariot tree (Hotta balli) |
Desmodium latifolium |
Roots |
Infant's digestion, diarrhea. cardiotonic, fever, dysentery |
3 |
Purple Convolvulus (Kalluballi) |
Argyreia cuneata |
Root |
Arthritis |
4 |
Vishnukanti |
Evolvulus alcinoides |
Whole plant |
Alterative, antiflogistic, brain tonic, nervous debility, memory loss, fever, diarrhea and indigestion |
5 |
Indian liqourice (Gulagangiballi) |
Abrus precatorius |
Roots, Leaves, Seeds |
Cough, catarrhal affections, gonohorrea, jaundice, haemoglobnuric bile, peptic ulcers |
6 |
Australian cow (Madhunashini) |
Gymnema sylvestre |
Whole Plant |
Antiperiodic, diuretic, stomachic, headache, diabetes, leprosy, pruritis, polyurea |
7 |
Indian birthwort (Eshwariballi) |
Aristolochia indica |
Dried roots, Leaves |
Snakebite, gastric stimulant dyspepsia, nausea, bowel troubles |
8 |
Shathavari |
Asperagus racemosus |
Roots |
Dysentery, tumors, inflammation, blood diseases, biliousness, rheumatism, neural disease, kidney & liver disorders |
9 |
Emetic Swallow Wort (Adumuttadaballi) |
Tylophora indica |
Roots |
Expectorant, chronic bronchitis, whooping cough, stimulant, antirheumatic, alterative,jaundice |
10 |
Black Oil plant (Jyothiskmathi) |
Celastrus paniculatus |
Seeds |
Emetic, diaphoretic, nervous and febrifugal for memory loss, cures sores, ulcers, rheumatism and gouts |
11 |
Indian Sarasaparilla (Sogadeberu) |
Hemidesmus indicus |
Dried Roots |
Alterative, demulcent diaphoretic, diuretic, and blood purifier, bowel complaints, elephantiasis |
Table 4. List of important herbs and their medicinal uses of Devarayanadurga Range Forest
S.N. |
Common Name |
Scientific Name |
Part Used |
Medicinal Uses |
1 |
Yellow thistle (Daturi) |
Argemone mexicana |
Milky juice of plant, Side shoots |
Diuretic, hypnotic, anodyne, malarial fevers, jaundice, leprosy, skin diseases, laxative, emetic, demulcent |
2 |
Hogweed (Balavadike) |
Boerhaavia diffusa |
Whole plant |
Stomachic, laxative, diuretic, emetic, edema, anemia, heart diseases, kidney stones, rheumatism |
3 |
Balloom vine (Agni Balli) |
Cardiospermum halicacabum |
Roots, Leaves, Seeds |
Rheumatism, nervous diseases, piles, bronchitis, snake bite |
4 |
(Bitharrige) |
Ceropegia tuberosa |
Roots |
Tonic, increasing digestive power |
5 |
Velvet leaf (Padvali) |
Cissampelos pereria |
Root, Bark, Leaves |
Fever, diarrhea, dysentery, dropsy, nepheritis |
6 |
Kuntigenagida |
Daemia extensa |
Leaves, Roots, Root Bark. |
Anthelmenthic, asthma, snake bite, rheumatic swelling |
7 |
Figi Yam (Kadukumbala) |
Diascoria pentaphylla |
Tubers |
Swellings, rheumatism |
8 |
Emilia |
Emilia sonchifolia |
Whole plant |
Sudorific, to relieve cuts and wounds, sore eyes, sore ears, head ache |
9 |
Indian Sarasaparilla (Sogadeberu) |
Hemidesmus indicus |
Dried roots, Root bark, Juice |
Diuretic, demulcent, alterative, dyspepsia, loss of appetite, skin diseases, rheumatism, leucorrhea |
10 |
Phyllanthus (Kiru nelli) |
Phyllanthus amaras |
Whole plant |
Astringent, doobstruent, stomachic, carminative, febrifugal, antiseptic, jaundice, gastro intestinal, ailments |
Table 5. List of important shrubs and their medicinal uses of Devarayanadurga Range Forest
S.N. |
Common Name |
Scientific Name |
Part Used |
Medicinal Uses |
1 |
Indian Jamaica (Gulaganji) |
Abrus precatorius |
Root, Seeds, Leaves |
Antiphlogistic, aphrodisiac, antiopthalmic, painful swellings and paralysis |
2 |
King of Bitters (Kalmegh) |
Andrographis paniculata |
Whole plant |
Tonic, syphilitic, ulcers, intermittent fevers, stomachic, antipyretic, antihelmentic, properties |
3 |
(Indian birthwort) Eshwariballi |
Aristolochia indica |
Root, Stem, Leaves |
Antidote to snake bite and poisonous insects, leprosy, dropsy, bowel complaints |
4 |
Cambiresin (Bikke) |
Gardenia gummifera |
Exudes of fruits |
Fever, flatulence, dyspepsia, nervous disorders, toothache, ulcers, roundworm infections |
5 |
East Indian Screw tree (Bhootha karalu) |
Helicteres isora |
Fruits, Root, Bark, Juice, Seeds |
Intestinal problems like colic, flatulence diarrhea, dysentery, diabetes, snakebite |
6 |
Ceylon leadwort (Chithramoola) |
Plumbago zeylanica |
Root |
Leprosy, skin diseases, scabies, ulcers, piles, leucoderrma, intermittent fevers |
Table 6. List of important climbers and their medicinal uses of Devarayanadurga Range Forest
S.N. |
Common Name |
Scientific Name |
Part Used |
Medicinal Uses |
1 |
Molucca Bean (Gajjuga) |
Caesalpinia bonducella |
Seeds, Root, Bark, Leaves |
Intermittent, fevers, asthma, gumboils, hydrocele, swellings, leprosy and rheumatism, antiperiodic, antispasmodic, bitter tonic and antihelminthic properties |
2 |
Bittarige |
Ceropegia tuberosa |
Root |
Increases digestive power, used as tonic |
3 |
Velvet leaf (Paduvali) |
Cessampelos periria |
- |
Fever, diarrhea, dysentery, dropsy, nepheritis |
Table 7. List of important trees and their medicinal uses of Devarayanadurga Range Forest
S.N. |
Common Name |
Scientific Name |
Part Used |
Medicinal Uses |
1 |
Haldu (Aarishinatega) |
Adina cordifolia |
Stem bark |
Febrifuge, antiseptic properties, malarial fever, stomach disorders |
2 |
Bael fruit (Bilpathre) |
Aegle marmelos |
Fruit, Root Bark, Leaves, Flowers |
Constipation, chronic, dysentery, dyspepsia inflammation, vomiting, gonorrhea |
3 |
(Tree of heaven) (Hiremara/ Doddabevu) |
Ailanthus exelsa |
Bark, Leaves |
Bronchitis, asthma, dyspepsia |
4 |
East Indian Walnut (Doddabage) |
Albizzia lebbeck |
Root, Leaves, Bark |
Snakebite, scorpion sting, skin diseases, leucoderma, asthma, blood diseases |
5 |
Button tree (Bejjalu/ Dindiga) |
Anogeissus latifolia |
Gum Bark |
Astringent, scorpion sting, snakes bites, chronic disrrohea, leprosy, anemia, piles, polyuria |
6 |
Indian laburnum (Kakke) |
Cassia fistula |
Pulp, Root Bark, Flowers, Pods, Leaves |
Laxative, Gout, Rheumatism, snake bite, fever, heart diseases, purgative febrifuge, ring worm infections |
7 |
Indian Gooseberry (Amla/ Bettadanelli) |
Embelica officinalis |
Fruits, Leaves, Roots, Bark, Flowers |
Hemorrhage, diarrhea, dysentery, stomach ache, vermifuge, painful respiration |
8 |
Wood apple (Bheladahannu) |
Ferronia elephantum |
Fruit, Gum, Leaves, Bark, Pulp |
Sore throat, hiccups, dyspepsia, diarrhea, dysentery |
9 |
White teak (Shivani/ Bachanigemara) |
Gmelinia arborea |
Root, Bark, Fruit, Leaves |
Demulcent, stomachic, laxative, snakebites, scorpion stings, gonorrhea fever, indigestion, headache |
10 |
Karihuli |
Kirganelia reticulata |
Leaves |
Skin diseases, rashes, diuretic, diseases of blood, syphilitic source |
11 |
Maddimara |
Morinda tomentosa |
Root, Leaves, Fruits |
Astringent, cathartic, diarrhea, dysentery wounds and ulcers, spongy gums |
12 |
Soapnut tree Antvala |
Sapindus laurifolius |
Fruits, Seeds, Leaves |
Purgative, colic, snakebite, gout diarrhea, cholera, epilepsy |
13 |
Belleric myrobolan Thare |
Terminalia bellarica |
Fruits |
Astringent, tonic, laxative, cough, eye diseases, scorpion sting, sore throat, piles, fever, diarrhea |
14 |
Sweet indrajao (Aate/Beppale) |
Wrightia tinctoria |
Leaves, Bark, Seeds, Fruit |
Astringent, stomachic, tonic, febrifuge, stomach pain, bowel complaints, fever |