1. Adams, R., Adams, M., Willens, A., & Willens, A. 1978. Drylands: man and plants. The Architectural Press Ltd. London
2. Baur, G. N. 1968. The Ecological Basis of Rainforest Management. Blight Government Printer, New South Wales.
3. Denslow, J.S. 1980. Gap partitioning among tropical rain forest trees. Biotropica 12 (Suppl.), 47-55
4. FAO 1995. Forest Resources Assessment 1990: Global Synthesis. FAO, Rome.
5. FAO. 1997a. Forest harvesting in natural forests of the Republic of the Congo, by R. Scharpenberg. Forest Harvesting Case Study No. 7 Rome.
6. FAO. 1997b. Environmentally sound forest harvesting: testing the applicability of the FAO model code in the Amazon in Brazil, by N. Winkler. Forest Harvesting Case Study No. 8. Rome
7. FAO. 1998a. Reduced impact timber harvesting in the tropical natural forest in Indonesia, by Elias. Forest Harvesting Case Study No. 11. Rome
8. FAO. 1998b. Environmentally sound forest infrastructure development and harvesting by long distance cable systems in the Himalayan region in Bhutan, by N. Winkler. Forest Harvesting Case Study No. 12. Rome.
9. Fairhead, J. & M. Leach 1998. Reconsidering the extend of deforestation in 20th century West Africa Unasylva 192, vol. 49: 43-45
10. Frost, P.G.H . & Robertson, F. 1987. The ecological effects of fire in Savannah. In B. H. Walker (ed.). Determinant of tropical savannahs, IRL Press Oxford, pp 3-40
11. Gomez-Pompa A. 1971. see Biotropica 3:125
12. Hawthorne, W. D. 1993. Forest Regeneration after logging: Findings of a study in the Bia South Game Production Reserve, Ghana, ODA Forestry Services No. 3, ODA, London.
13. Hawthorne, W. D., & M. Abu- Juan 1995. Forest protection in Ghana with particular reference to vegetation and plant species IUCN/ODA Ghana.
14. Logie, J.P.W. and W.G. Dyson. 1962. Forestry in Kenya. A historical account of the development of forest management in the colony. Government Printer Nairobi.
15. Parren, M. 1991. Silviculture with natural regeneration: a comparison between Ghana, Cote d'voire and Liberia. Av no. 90/50 Department Forestry, Wageningen.
16. Parren, M. & de Graaf, N.R. 1995. The Quest for Natural Forest Management in Ghana, Cote d' Ivoire and Liberia. Tropenbos series B. The Tropenbos Foundation, Wageningen, Netherlands.
17. Richards, P.W. 1966. The tropical Rain Forest. Second edition. Cambridge University Press.
18. Riddock, I., Grace, J., Fasehun, F.E., Riddoch, B. & Ladipo, D. O. 1991. Photosynthesis and successional status of seedlings in a tropical semi-deciduos rain forest in Nigeria. Journal of Ecology 79, 491-503.
19. Swaine, M.D. & Hall, J.B. 1983. Early succession in cleared forest land in Ghana Journal of Ecology 71, 601-27.
20. Swaine, M. D., Lieberman, D. & Putz, F.E. 1987. The dynamics of tree populations in tropical forest, a review. Journal of Tropical Ecology 3, 359-366.
21. Swaine, M. D. & Whitemore, T.C. 1988. On the definition of ecological species groups in tropical rain forests. Vegetation 75, 81-86.
22. Swaine, M. D., Agyeman, V. K., Kyereh, B., Orgle, T.K., Thompson, J. & Veenendaal, E. M. 1997. Ecology of Forest Trees in Ghana, ODA Forestry services No. 7, ODA, London.
23. White, F. 1983. The vegetation of Africa : A descriptive memoir to accompany the UNESCO/AETFAT/UNSO vegetation map of Africa. Natural Resources Research 20, UNESCO, Paris. 356 pp.
