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FAO FISHERIES
TECHNICAL PAPER 433/1
Measuring and assessing capacity in fisheries
1. Basic concepts and management options
by
J.M. Ward
National Marine Fisheries Service
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Silver Spring, Maryland
United States of America
J.E. Kirkley
College of William and Mary
Virginia Institute of Marine Science
Gloucester Point, Virginia
United States of America
R. Metzner
Fishery Policy and Planning Division
FAO Fisheries Department Rome,
Italy
and
S. Pascoe
Centre for the Economics and Management of Aquatic Resources
University of Portsmouth Portsmouth,
United Kingdom
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FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
Rome, 2004
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Table of Contents
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ISBN 92-5-105015-5
ISSN 0429-9345
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© FAO 2004
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Ward, J.M.; Kirkley, J.E.; Metzner, R.; Pascoe,
S.
Measuring and assessing capacity in fisheries. 1. Basic concepts and
management options.
FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. No. 433/1.
Rome, FAO. 2004. 40p.
ABSTRACT
This Fisheries Technical Paper provides an overview of the
main concepts involved in the assessment and management of fishing capacity. It
discusses why capacity management and the problem of overcapacity have become
key issues for fisheries management in the new millennium. The paper explains
why overcapacity develops in the fishery and the role that fisheries management
has played in contributing to this development in the past.
Methods for estimating current and desired levels of capacity
are discussed in a non-technical manner, and a range of potential indicators of
overcapacity is described. The effectiveness of various capacity management
programmes that have been applied in various fisheries around the world is also
discussed, along with an explanation as to why many of these programmes have
been ineffective. Potential management systems that have proven effective in
reducing overcapacity are also presented and discussed. |
CONTENTS
PREPARATION OF THIS
DOCUMENT
1.
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Capacity: effort, catch or
vessels?
1.2 Capacity utilization, excess
capacity, overcapitalization and overcapacity
1.3 Target capacity and the objectives
of management
1.4 The need to assess fishing
capacity
2. CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF
OVERCAPACITY
2.1 The link between markets and
capacity
2.1.1 The link between markets and
excess capacity
2.1.2 The link between markets and
overcapacity
2.2 Consequences of
overcapacity
2.2.1 Bio-economic consequences of
overcapacity
2.2.2 Social and political
consequences
3. ASSESSING
CAPACITY
3.1 Input-based capacity
3.2 Output-based
capacity
3.3 Indicators and measures of excess
and overcapacity
3.3.1 Quantitative measures of excess
and overcapacity
3.3.2 Subjective measures of excess
and overcapacity
3.3.3 Qualitative indicators of
overcapacity
3.3.4 Use of indicators for assessing
capacity
4. MANAGEMENT AND REGULATORY REGIMES
FOR REDUCING OVERCAPACITY
4.1 Incentive blocking and incentive
adjusting mechanisms: an example
4.2 Applying capacity-reducing
measures: equity, fairness and displacement
5. CONCLUSIONS
APPENDIX A: CAPACITY MANAGEMENT
PROGRAMMES
Incentive blocking
programmes
Limited entry
Buyback programmes
Gear and vessel
restrictions
Aggregate quotas
Non-transferable vessel catch
limits
Individual effort quotas
Incentive adjusting
programmes
Individual transferable
quotas
Taxes and royalties
Group fishing rights
Territorial use rights
(TURFs)
REFERENCES
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