Volume 2. Cephalopods, crustaceans, holothurians and sharks

FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes

The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific

Volume 2: Cephalopods, crustaceans, holothurians and sharks


edited by
Kent E. Carpenter
Department of Biological Sciences
Old Dominion University
Norfolk, Virginia, USA
and
Volker H. Niem
Marine Resources Service
Species Identification and Data Programme
FAO Fisheries Department

FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS

Rome, 1998

Change to Volume 1: Seaweeds, corals, bivalves and gastropods




Vol. 1
 Volume 2: Cephalopods, crustaceans, holothurians and sharks




Vol. 2
 Change to Volume 3: Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae)




Vol. 3
 Change to Volume 4: Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae)




Vol. 4
 Change to Volume 5: Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae)




Vol. 5
 Change to Volume 6: Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles, sea turtles, sea snakes and marine mammals




Vol. 6

Table of Contents

The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

ISBN 92-5-104052-4

© FAO 1998

Carpenter, K.E.; Niem, V.H. (eds)
FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes.The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 2. Cephalopods, crustaceans, holothurians and sharks.
Rome, FAO. 1998. 687-1396 p.

SUMMARY

This multivolume field guide covers the species of interest to fisheries of the major marine resource groups exploited in the Western Central Pacific. The area of coverage includes FAO Fishing Area 71 and the southwestern portion of Fishing Area 77 corresponding to the South Pacific Commission mandate area. The marine resource groups included are seaweeds, corals, bivalves, gastropods, cephalopods, stomatopods, shrimps, lobsters, crabs, holothurians, sharks, batoid fishes, chimaeras, bony fishes, estuarine crocodiles, sea turtles, sea snakes, and marine mammals. The introductory chapter outlines the environmental, ecological, and biogeographical factors influencing the marine biota, and the basic components of the fisheries in the Western Central Pacific. Within the field guide, the sections on the resource groups are arranged phylogenetically according to higher taxonomic levels such as class, order, and family. Each resource group is introduced by general remarks on the group, an illustrated section on technical terms and measurements, and a key or guide to orders or families. Each family generally has an account summarizing family diagnostic characters, biological and fisheries information, notes on similar families occurring in the area, a key to species, a checklist of species, and a short list of relevant literature. Families that are less important to fisheries include an abbreviated family account and no detailed species information. Species in the important families are treated in detail (arranged alphabetically by genus and species) and include the species name, frequent synonyms and names of similar species, an illustration, FAO common name(s), diagnostic characters, biology and fisheries information, notes on geographical distribution, and a distribution map. For less important species, abbreviated accounts are used. Generally, this includes the species name, FAO common name(s), an illustration, a distribution map, and notes on biology, fisheries, and distribution. Each volume concludes with its own index of scientific and common names.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Volume 2. Cephalopods, crustaceans, holothurians and sharkspdf

CEPHALOPODSpdf

Introduction and General Remarks
Remarks on Major Groups of Commercial Importance
Principal Measurements and Methods Useful for Identification
Glossary of Technical Terms
Key to Families of Cephalopods Encountered in Fishing Activities in the Area
Annotated List of Families Encountered in Fishing Activities in the Area
List of Families Treated in this Contribution
Nautilidae
Sepiolidae
Sepiadariidae
Idiosepiidae
Spirulidae
Sepiidae
Loliginidae
Enoploteuthidae
Onychoteuthidae
Histioteuthidae
Ommastrephidae
Thysanoteuthidae
Chiroteuthidae
Mastigoteuthidae
Octopodidae

STOMATOPODSpdf

Technical Terms and Measurements
General Remarks
Guide to Families of Interest to Fisheries Occurring in the Area
Key to Major Families of Stomatopods Occurring in the Area
List of Families Occurring in the Area
Odontodactylidae
Lysiosquillidae
Harpiosquillidae
Squillidae

SHRIMPS AND PRAWNSpdf

Technical Terms and Measurements
General Remarks
Guide to the Major Groups of Shrimps and Prawns Occurring in the Area
List of Families Occurring in the Area
Infraorder Penaeidea
Superfamily Sergestoidea
Sergestidae
Superfamily Penaeoidea
Aristeidae
Solenoceridae
Penaeidae
Sicyoniidae
Infraorder Stenopodidea
Stenopodidae
Infraorder Caridea
Atyidae
Hippolytidae
Hymenoceridae
Palaemonidae
Pandalidae
Rhynchocinetidae

LOBSTERSpdf

Technical Terms and Measurements
General Remarks
Guide to Families Occurring in the Area
List of Families and Species Occurring in the Area
Nephropidae
Enoplometopidae
Synaxidae
Palinuridae
Scyllaridae

CRABSpdf

Technical Terms and Measurements
General Remarks
Imported Crabs of Commercial Importance
Guide to Families of Interest to Fisheries Occurring in the Area
Key to the Families of Brachyuran Crabs
Key to the Families of Crab-like Anomura
List of Families of Marine Brachyura and Crab-like Anomura Presently Recognized
Infraorder Brachyura
Homolidae
Dromiidae
Raninidae
Calappidae
Xanthidae
Eriphiidae
Carpiliidae
Pilumnidae
Goneplacidae
Portunidae
Geryonidae
Majidae
Grapsidae
Gecarcinidae
Ocypodidae
Infraorder Anomura
Coenobitidae

HOLOTHURIANSpdf

General Remarks
Glossary of Technical Terms
Key to the Shallow-water Orders of the Class Holothuroidea
Order Aspidochirotida
Holothuriidae
Stichopodidae

HAGFISHESpdf

Myxinidae

SHARKSpdf

Technical Terms and Measurements
General Remarks
Key to Families Occurring in the Area
List of Families and Species Occurring in the Area
Hexanchidae
Echinorhinidae
Squalidae
Pristiophoridae
Squatinidae
Heterodontidae
Parascylliidae
Brachaeluridae
Orectolobidae
Hemiscylliidae
Ginglymostomatidae
Stegostomatidae
Rhinocodontidae
Odontaspididae
Pseudocarchariidae
Alopiidae
Lamnidae
Scyliorhinidae
Proscylliidae
Pseudotriakidae
Triakidae
Hemigaleidae
Carcharhinidae
Sphyrnidae

INDEXpdf