This technical paper summarizes how the aquaculture sector contributes to the vision, goals, and targets of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF) with a view to ensuring that sustainable aquaculture systems and practices are not overlooked in efforts to achieve the KMGBF targets. It does so by illustrating a more nuanced and complex relationship between aquaculture and biodiversity than that which is often conveyed and understood in the public sphere. The paper then reviews the key risks to biodiversity from poor aquaculture practices and management, as well as the key positive effects on biodiversity from sustainable aquaculture practices and management. These risks and positive effects demonstrate where aquaculture is most strongly linked to the KMGBF and help to identify areas where aquaculture promotes its goals and targets. key principle of the KMGBF is the need for a “whole-of-society and wholeof-government” approach to its implementation. This document serves to inform, engage, encourage, and empower stakeholders who are interested in advancing the sustainable use and conservation of biodiversity within aquatic systems. It aims to broaden the conversation on biodiversity to include sustainable use sectors that are not typically involved – in this case aquaculture – so they may be recognized as relevant and important to engage with. Importantly, this document refrains from endorsing any specific stance on the KMGBF, recognizing that the diverse opportunities for action outlined across the KMGBF targets must be seen in context. Nevertheless, it intends to showcase that aquaculture, particularly sustainable aquaculture, possesses the potential to effect positive change.