This technical note presents a consolidated version of value chain analysis and the strategic roadmap for Azerbaijan’s fisheries and aquaculture sectors, designed to support the 2024 Presidential Decree transitioning the sectoral mandate to the Ministry of Agriculture. It serves as a primary guidance tool for policy formulation and institutional strengthening, directly contributing to FAO’s Country Programming Framework (2021–2025) and SDG Target 2.3 by identifying pathways to double the productivity and incomes of small-scale producers. By bridging the gap between legislative reform and field-level implementation, the technical note provides decision-makers and private stakeholders with evidence-based recommendations to diversify rural livelihoods and modernize the agrifood system.