The Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari (CIHEAM-IAMB) has initiated since 1999 data collection on the organic sector in the Mediterranean area. Since 2005 a separate chapter in « The World of Organic Agriculture » has been dedicated to the Mediterranean area, and IAMB has committed itself to supporting the global organic survey in this region. In this study case, the Mediterranean region includes the Mediterranean countries of the European Union (Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Slovenia and Spain), the Eastern Mediterranean countries (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina , Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia), the Middle East or Mashrek (Egypt, Jordan, Israel, Lebanon, Palestine, Syria and Turkey) and North Africa or Maghreb (Algeria, Libya, Morocco and Tunisia).