This report presents a comprehensive analysis of the small ruminant value chains in the Republic of Moldova, focusing on opportunities, challenges, and potential for growth. Small ruminant farming, primarily conducted by family farms, plays a vital role in rural livelihoods, contributing significantly to household income through meat, milk, and cheese production. Despite its importance, the sector faces demographic shifts, labour shortages, climate-related pressures, and declining national herd sizes.The study evaluates production dynamics, market structures, and governance across meat, milk, and cheese value chains. It highlights regional disparities, informal market practices, and limited infrastructure, particularly in dairy processing and storage. Farmers show resilience and optimism, with many planning investments in herd expansion, breed improvement, and feed technologies.Trade analysis reveals the Republic of Moldova’s competitive edge in small ruminant meat exports, especially to Near Eastern markets, though recent geopolitical events have disrupted growth. The report identifies key policy gaps and recommends strategic interventions, including improved integration into formal markets, cooperative development, infrastructure upgrades, and climate adaptation strategies.A SWOT analysis underscores the sector’s strengths in productivity and farmer commitment, while pointing to weaknesses in hygiene practices, record-keeping, and policy support. The recommendations aim to foster a more sustainable, competitive, and resilient small ruminant sector, aligning with national development goals and international standards.