This study is based on fieldwork conducted in Ward 5 Guruve District of Mashonaland Central, Zimbabwe. Conservation farming (CF) has been widely embraced as an antidote to the perennial food insecurity situation, bedeviling drought prone regions in Zimbabwe, such as Guruve district and in Africa at large. Despite widespread promotion of CF among smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe, there has been some disadoption of CF by some farmers who originally participated in CF promotions. This study therefore seeks to evaluate the sustainability of conservation farming as an alternative solution to the threatened food security of smallholder farmers. The study therefore determines the socio-economic factors that influence adoption, continuation or discontinuation with conservation farming. It also establishes whether differences exist in terms of socio-economic attributes among farmers who continued and those who discontinued CF.