Agriculture is the backbone of Uganda’s economy and an important driver of economic development and poverty reduction. Approximately 73% of Ugandans depend on agriculture. However, the sector currently faces many multifaceted challenges which include land degradation, inadequate market access, unreliable weather and civil strife. Agricultural growth is also affected by other associated multi-sectoral considerations such as poor infrastructure, low literacy levels, health considerations (for example, HIV-AIDS), etc. In addition, most agricultural programmes in Uganda are under-funded (Mkandawire, 2002) and are actually declining. This study reveals that institutional issues such as capacity weakness, insufficient end user (farmers) and private sector involvement, and an ineffective farmer support system persist in most of Uganda’s agriculture productivity programmes and organisations, thus hampering progress in the sector.