抗菌素耐药性
抗菌素耐药性是对全球人类和动物健康的主要威胁,且越来越令人担忧。它还影响食品安全、粮食安全,以及数百万农户的经济福利。
食品在抗菌素耐药性的发展和传播中起着重要的作用。存在于农业生产系统和食物链中的抗菌素耐药性微生物是每个人潜在的暴露途径。农业生产中良好的卫生操作,是实现食品安全的基础,也是解决抗菌素耐药性的关键。
食品法典在抗菌素耐药性中的作用
食品中的微生物(细菌、寄生虫、病毒和真菌)是潜在的食品安全危害。在食品动物中使用抗菌素(可杀死微生物或阻止其生长的药剂)与食物链中耐药性微生物的出现之间的关系是一个令人关切的问题,已成为众多国家和国际磋商的主题。
在食品动物(包括水产养殖)、园艺或人类中使用抗菌药,对人类抗菌素耐药性微生物的影响,不同的微生物和不同的地区其程度不同。
当人类摄入食品中的抗菌素耐药性微生物时,某些种类的微生物可能会致病。这些和其他种类的微生物还可能成为其他微生物(包括人类病原体)的可转移抗性决定因素的来源。
在认识到需要更广泛和多学科的应对措施来应对抗菌素耐药性的情况下,2006年,食典委成立了第一个抗菌素耐药性工作组,以制定以下方面的科学指导:如何评估和管理食品和饲料(包括水产养殖)中存在以及通过食品和饲料传播的耐药微生物对人类健康造成的风险。为了应对全球越来越关注抗菌素耐药性对公共卫生的严重威胁,最近成立了第二个工作组,将会制定科学指导,以便协调一致地管理全食物链的抗菌素耐药性。
关于兽药及其残留物、食品卫生、动物饲料的其他食品法典文本,通过在食物链中防止抗菌素耐药性的发展和尽量减少抗菌素耐药性的传播,也有助于解决抗菌素耐药性。
相关食典文本
新闻
New Codex AMR project covered on Mongolian TV news
Mongolia is one of the first countries to start assessing their national antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance system in the food and agriculture sectors. This is part of the new AMR Codex Texts (ACT) project. The project was highlighted on three national TV networks as prime-time news.
“We trained 25 specialists from eight laboratories, we also conducted a workshop on the ATLASS tool with more than 100 stakeholders, assessed one regional laboratory, conducted a workshop to introduce the findings along with recommendations [...]
29 June 2022
Mongolia planning to assess national antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance system
A mission will take place in Mongolia from 20 to 27 June, 2022 to assess the national antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance system in the food and agriculture sectors. This activity is part of the new AMR Codex Texts (ACT) project “Implementation of Codex standards to support containment and reduction of foodborne antimicrobial resistance”, supported by the Government of Korea.
FAO has developed the “FAO Assessment Tool for Laboratories and Antimicrobial resistance Surveillance Systems (FAO-ATLASS)“ in order to support countries in assessing [...]
17 June 2022
Stakeholders in food and agriculture meet to evaluate implementation progress of Cambodia’s Antimicrobial Resistance
Cambodia is actively engaged in adopting the CODEX AMR standards to support the containment and reduction of foodborne antimicrobial resistance, and it is one of six countries to join the AMR Codex Texts (ACT) project. A range of stakeholders, including the government, farmers, academia and the private sector convened a workshop in Siem Reap from 16 to 18 May 2022 to review the national efforts to contain AMR.
The workshop was jointly organized by the Ministry of Agriculture Forestry and Fisheries [...]
23 May 2022
Compendium of Codex AMR texts provides complete framework for decision makers to address foodborne AMR
A timely new compendium of Codex texts to support countries in the fight against foodborne antimicrobial resistance (AMR) was published on Thursday 17 February 2022 at a launch event of a new FAO project, sponsored by the Republic of Korea, that will support implementation of Codex guidance in this field.
Countries have different approaches and interests when it comes to use of antimicrobials for animal and plant health and the potential for AMR carry-over or transmission into foods. The overarching international [...]
17 February 2022
FAO launches foodborne AMR project with online inception event
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is launching a new project to facilitate the implementation of Codex Standards on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to support the containment and reduction of foodborne AMR.
The project will kick off with an inception event on Thursday 17 February 2022 from 14:00-15:00 CET, with a focus on the Latin America region. Food safety and AMR experts from FAO together with representatives from Codex and the Republic of Korea will introduce the background, [...]
17 February 2022
Lancet study emphasizes the need to address AMR data gaps
The publication of two Codex standards on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) coincides with a study in the Lancet released on 19 January 2022 that describes AMR as “one of the leading public health threats of the 21st century”. The Lancet study emphasizes the need to address data gaps by expanding data collection which Codex is addressing through its new guidelines on integrated monitoring and surveillance of foodborne antimicrobial surveillance, adopted by the Codex Alimentarius Commission in December 2021.
An incredible achievement to [...]
20 January 2022