The Speed of Evolution of Herbicide Resistant Weeds in Rice

Synthetic Auxins HRAC Group O Synthetic auxins (action like indoleacetic acid) # Species & Country Res Year Herbicides Entry Year Yrs to Res Yrs to Res 1 . Digitaria ischaemum USA 2002 quinclorac 1992 10 10 2 . Echinochloa colona Colombia 2000 quinclorac 1993 7 7 3 . Echinochloa crus-galli Brazil 1999 quinclorac 1993 6 6 4 . Echinochloa crus-galli USA 1998 quinclorac 1992 6 6 5 . Echinochloa crus-galli USA 1999 propanil quinclorac 1962 1992 37 7 7 6 . Echinochloa crus-pavonis Brazil 1999 quinclorac 1993 6 6 7 . Fimbristylis miliacea Malaysia 1989 2,4-D 1973 16 16 8 . Limnocharis flava Indonesia 1995 2,4-D 1977 18 18 9 . Limnocharis flava Malaysia 1998 2,4-D bensulfuron-methyl 1973 1989 25 9 25 10 . Limnophila erecta Malaysia 2002 2,4-D bensulfuron-methyl 1973 1989 29 13 29 11 . Sphenoclea zeylanica Malaysia 1995 2,4-D 1973 22 22 12 . Sphenoclea zeylanica Philippines 1983 2,4-D 1973 10 10 13 . Sphenoclea zeylanica Thailand 2000 2,4-D 1973 27 27         Ave: 14.5