Table 9. Commercial mineral inclusion levels for Penaeus monodon.
Species:   Shrimp Shrimp P. monodon P. monodon
Minerals Unit per kg of feed Akiyama, Dominy and Lawrence (1991) CIBA (2002) Rotosquare Enterprises Ltd, (Taiwan) (2009) Lee and Shiau (2004)
Manganese mg/kg 20 40�60 5 29.9
Zinc H2O mg/kg 110 80�120 27.5 93.1
Copper mg/kg 35 40�60 15 20.2
Iodine mg/kg 0.25 15.1
Cobalt mg/kg 10 0.5 29.8
Iron mg/kg 300 60�100 7.5 287.7
Magnesium mg/kg 2000 400�3 000 100 848
Selenium mg/kg 1 0.05 0
Chromium mg/kg 0
Aluminium mg/kg 2.3
Calcium % 2.3 0.9
Phosphorus % 1.5 1�2 1
Potassium % 0.9 0.6
Sulphur % 0.1
Sodium % 0.4
Ca:P ratio 01:01