Aquaculture Feed and Fertilizer Resources Information System
 

Milkfish - References

Bagarinao, T.U. 1991. Biology of Milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal). Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center, Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines. 94 pp.

Bagarinao, T.U. 1994. Systematics, distribution, genetics and life history of milkfish, Chanos chanos. Environ. Biol. Fish. 39:23–41.

Bagarinao, T. and K. Thayaparan. 1986. Length-weight relationship, food habits and condition factor of wild juvenile milkfish in Sri Lanka. Aquaculture 5:241–246.

Baliao, D., E.M. Rodriguez and D.D. Gerochi. 1980. Growth and survival of hatchery produced and wild milkfish fry grown to fingerling size in earthen ponds. SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department. Quart. Res. Rep. 4(4):11–14.

Baliao, D.D., de los Santos, M.A. and Franco N.M. 1999. Milkfish pond culture. Aquaculture Extension manual No. 25, SEAFDEC, Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines.

Benitez, L.V. and L.B. Tiro. 1982. Studies on the digestive proteases of the milkfish Chanos chanos. Mar. Biol. 71:309–315.

Blaber S. J.M. 1980. Fish of the Trinity inlet system of the North Queensland with notes on the ecology of fish faunas of tropical Indo-Pacific estuaries. Austr. J. Mar. Freshw. Res. 31:137–146.

Bombeo-Tuburan, I., R.F. Agbayani and P.F. Subosa. 1989. Evaluation of organic and inorganic fertilizers in brackishwater milkfish ponds. Aquaculture 76:227–235.

Borlongan, I.G. 1990. Studies on the digestive lipases of milkfish, Chanos chanos. Aquaculture 89:315–325.

Borlongan, I.G. 1992. Essential fatty acid requirements of milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) juveniles. Fish Physiol. and Biochem. 9:401–407.

Borlongan, I.G. and R.M. Coloso. 1993. Requirements of juvenile milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal) for essential fatty acids. J. Nutr. 123:125–132.

Borlongan, I.G. and R.M. Coloso. 1994. Leaf meals as protein sources in diets for milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forsskal), p. 63–68. In S.S. De Silva, ed. Fish Nutrition Research in Asia. Proceedings of the Fifth Asian Fish Nutrition Workshop. Asian Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. 9. Asian Fisheries Society, Manila, Philippines.

Borlongan, I.G., P.E. Eusebio and T. Welsh. 2003. Potential of feed pea (Pisum sativum) meal as a protein source in practical diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal). Aquaculture 225:89–98.

Borlongan, I.G., C.L. Marte and J.N. Nocillado. 2000. Development of larval diets for milkfish (Chanos chanos). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 16:68–72.

Borlongan, I.G. and S. Satoh. 2001. Dietary phosphorus requirement of juvenile milkfish Chanos chanos (Forsskal). Aquaculture Research 32:1–8.

Boyd, C.E. and C.S. Tucker. 1998. Pond aquaculture water quality management. Kluwer Academic Publishers, U.S.A, 700 pp.

Buri, P. 1980. Ecology on the feeding of milkfish fry and juveniles, Chanos chanos (Forsskal) in the Philippines. Mem.Kagoshima Univ. Res.Center S.Pac. 1:25–42.

Chaudhuri, H., J. Juario, R. Samson, and L. Tiro. 1976. Notes on the external sex characteristics of Chanos chanos (Forsskal) spawners. Fish. Res. J.Philipp. 1:76–80.

Chiu, Y.N. and L.V. Benitez. 1981. Studies on the carbohydrases in the digestive tract of the milkfish Chanos chanos. Mar. Biol. 61:247–254.

Chiu, Y.N., M.P. Macahilig and M.A.S. Sastrillo. 1986. Preliminary studies of factors affecting the feeding rhythm of milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal), p. 547–550. In J.L. Maclean, L.B. Dizon and L.V. Hossillos, eds. The First Asian Fisheries Forum. Asian Fisheries Society, Manila, Philippines. 726 pp.

Chiu, Y.N., N.S. Sumagaysay and M.A.S. Sastrillo. 1987. Effect of feeding frequency and feeding rate on the growth and feed efficiency of Milkfish, Chanos chanos Forsskal, juveniles. Asian Fish. Sci. 1:27–31.

Coloso, R.M., L.V. Benitez and L.B. Tiro. 1988. The effect of dietary protein-energy levels on growth and metabolism of milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 39A:11–17.

Cruz, P.S. 1995. Milkfish culture in the Philippines. Aqua Farm News, Vol. XIII, No. 6. SEAFDEC, Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines.

de la Vega, A. 1998. Milkfish farming in marine pens and cages. SEAFDEC Asian Aquaculture 20(5):26–28.

Duray M.N. and H. Kohno. 1990. Development of mouth width and larval growth in three marine species. Phil. J. Sci. 119:237–245.

Emata A.C. and C.L. Marte. 1994. Natural spawning, egg and fry production of milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forsskal), broodstock reared in concrete tanks. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 10:10–16.

Emata, A.C., I.G. Borlongan and J.P. Damaso. 2000. Dietary vitamin C and E supplementation and reproduction of milkfish Chanos chanos Forsskal. Aquaculture Research 31:557–564.

Ferraris, R.P., M.R. Catacutan, R.L. Mabelin and A.P. Jazul. 1986. Digestibility in milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forsskal): effects of protein source, fish size and salinity. Aquaculture 59:93–105.

Ferraris, R.P., J.D. Tan and M.C. de la Cruz. 1987. Development of the digestive tract of milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forsskal): histology and histochemistry. Aquaculture 61:241–257.

Fischer, W. and P.J.P. Whitehead (eds.). 1974. FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes, Eastern Indian Ocean and Western Central Pacific, Vol. 1.

Fortes, N.R. 1985. Pond fertilization techniques and practices. BAC Bulletin No. 2. Brackishwater Aquaculture Center-College of Fisheries, University of the Philippines in the Visayas.

Fortes N. R. 1996. Pond preparation and growing of natural food. Paper presented during the seminar on “Technical Consideration for the Management and Operation of High-density Milkifish Culture Systems. University of the Philippines Aquaculture Society, Inc., Iloilo, Philippines. 

Gapasin, R.S.J., R. Bombeo, P. Lavens, P. Sorgeloos, and H. Neils. 1998. Enrichment of live food with essential fatty acids and vitamin C: effects on milkfish (Chanos chanos) larval performance. Aquaculture 162: 269–286.

Gapasin, R.S.J. and M.N. Duray. 2001. Effects of DHA-enriched live food on growth, survival and incidence of opercular deformities in milkfish (Chanos chanos). Aquaculture 193:49–63.

Gapasin, R.SJ. and C.L. Marte. 1990. Milkfish hatchery operations. Aquaculture Extension Manual No. 17, Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fish Development Center, Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines. 24 pp.

Golez, N.V. 2002. Processing of feedstuffs and aquafeeds. In O.M. Millamena, R.M. Coloso, F.P. Pascual, eds. Nutrition in tropical aquaculture: essentials of fish nutrition, feeds and feeding of tropical aquatic species, pp. 125–147. Iloilo, Philippines, SEAFDEC. 221 pp.

Grover J.H. and R.O. Juliano. 1976. Length-weight relationship of pond-raised milkfish in the Philippines. Aquaculture 7:339–346.

Hara, S., E.M. Avila, T.U. Bagarinao and M.M. Parazo. 1983. Diurnal feeding patterns of milkfish (Chanos chanos) larvae under laboratory conditions (Abstract). Paper presented at the 2nd Intl. Milkfish Aquaculture Conf. 4–8 Oct. 1998, Iloilo, Philippines. Aquaculture Department, SEAFDEC and IDRC, Canada.

Hertrampf, J.W. and F. Piedad-Pascual. 2000. Handbook on ingredients for aquaculture feeds. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands. 573 pp.

Konhno, H., R. Ordonio-Aguilar, A. Ohno and Y. Taki. 1996. Morphological aspects of feeding and improvement in feeding ability in early stage larvae of the milkfish, Chanos chanos. Ichthyol.Res. 43:133–140.

Kumagai S. and T. U. Bagarinao. 1981. Studies on the habitat and food of juvenile milkifish in the wild. Fish. Res.J. Philipp. 6:1–10.

Kumagai S., T. Bagarinao and A. Unggui. 1985. Growth of juvenile milkfish Chanos chanos in natural habitat. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 22:1–6.

Lacanilao, F. and C. Marte. 1980. Sexual maturation of milkfish in floating cages. Asian Aquaculture 3:4–6.

Lim, C., S. Suchawongs and F.P. Pascual. 1979. A preliminary study on the protein requirements of Chanos chanos (Forsskal) fry in a controlled environment. Aquaculture 17:195–201.

Lin, L.T. 1985. My experience on artificial propagation of milkfish – studies on natural spawning of pond-reared broodstock, p. 185–203. In C.S. Lee and I.C, Liao, eds. Reproduction and Culture of Milkfish, Oceanic Institute and Tungkang Marine Laboratory. 226 pp.

Luckstädt, C. 2003. Feed intake and feed utilization of juvenile milkfish (Chanos chanos (Forsskal, 1775)) in commercially managed ponds in the Philippines. Shaker Verlag, Germany. 174 p.

Lumasag G.J. 1985. The effect of water flea, Moina macrocopa Straus, as food on the growth and survival of milkfish, Chanos chanos Forsskal, fry. M.S. Thesis, University of the Philippines in the Visayas, Miag-ao, Iloilo, Phlippines. 59 pp.

Marte, C.L. 2003. Larviculture of marine species in Southeast Asia: current research and industry prospects. Aquaculture 227: 293–304.

Marte, C.L., C.L. Crim and N.M. Sherwood. 1988. Induced gonadal maturation and rematuration in milkfish: limited success with chronic administration of testosterone and gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogues (GnRH-A). Aquaculture 74:131–145.

Marte, C.L. and F.J. Lacanilao. 1986. Spontaneous maturation and spawning of milkfish in floating net cages. Aquaculture 53:115–132.

Marte, C.L., J. Toledo, G. Quinitio and A. Castillo. 1986. Collection of naturally spawned milkfish eggs in floating cages. Paper presented at the 1st Asian Fisheries Forum; 25–31 May 1986; Manila, Philippines.

Otubusin, S.O. and C. Lim. 1985. The effect of duration of feeding on survival, growth and production of milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forskal), in brackishwater ponds in the Philippines. Aquaculture 46: 287–292.

Pascual, F.P. 1989. The effect of various levels of protein, fat, carbohydrates and energy on growth, survival and body composition of Chanos chanos fingerlings. p. 228–236. In E.A. Huisman, N. Zonnerveld and A.H.M. Bouwman, eds. Aquaculture research in Asia: management techniques and nutrition. Proceedings of the Asian Seminar on Aquaculture, Malang, Indonesia, 14–18 November 1988.

Santiago, C.B., J.B. Pantastico, S.F. Baldia and O.S. Reyes. 1989. Milkfish (Chanos chanos) fingerling production in freshwater ponds with the use of natural and artificial feeds. Aquaculture 77:307–318.

Schuster, W.H. 1960. Synopsis of biological data on milkfish Chanos chanos (Forsskal), 1775. FAO Fish Biol.Synop. 4:51 pp.

Støttrup, J.G. and L.A. McEvoy. 2003. Live food in marine aquaculture. Blackwell Science Ltd. U.K., U.S.A., Australia, Germany. 318 pp.

Subosa P.F. 1985. Pond liming and liming materials for brackishwater ponds, p.162–172. In Report of the National Consultation Meeting on Aquaculture Engineering. ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small Scale Coastal Fisheries Devt. Project, Manila, Philippines, 2–5Oct. 1985.

Sumagaysay, N.S. 1993. Growth, daily ration, and gastric evacuation rates on milkfish (Chanos chanos) fed supplemental diet and natural food. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 9:65–73.

Sumagaysay, N.S. 1998. Milkfish (Chanos chanos) production and water quality in brackishwater ponds at different feeding levels and frequencies. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 14:81–85.

Sumagaysay-Chavoso, N.S. 2003. Milkfish culture in ponds. Lecture presented during the seminar on Business Opportunities in Aquaculture, July 2003, Iloilo City , Philippines. SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department, Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines.

Sumagaysay, N.S. and I.G. Borlongan. 1995. Growth and production of milkfish (Chanos chanos) in brackishwater ponds: effects of dietary protein and feeding levels. Aquaculture132:273–283.

Sumagaysay, N.S., G.V. Hilomen-Garcia and L.M.B. Garcia. 1999. Growth and production of deformed and nondeformed hatchery-bred milkfish (Chanos chanos) in brackishwater pond. Israeli J. Aquacult.-Bamidgeh 51:106–113.

Sumagaysay, N.S., F.E. Marquez and Y.N. Chiu-Chern, Y.N. 1991. Evaluation of supplemental feeds for milkfish (Chanos chanos) reared in brackishwater ponds. Aquaculture 93:177–189.

Sumagaysay-Chavoso, N.S. and M.L. San Diego McGlone. 2003. Water quality and holding capacity of intensive and semi-intensive milkfish (Chanos chanos) ponds. Aquaculture 219:413–429.

Tamaru, C.S., C.S. Lee, C.D. Kelley, J.E. Banno, P.Y. Ha, K. Aida and I. Hanyu. 1988. Characterizing the stage of maturity most receptive to an acute LHRH-analogue therapy for inducing milkfish (Chanos chanos) to spawn. Aquaculture 74:147–163.

Villaluz, A.C., L.B. Tiro and L.M. Ver. 1976. Qualitative analysis of the contents of the anterior portion of the esophagus from adult milkfish, Chanos chanos, captured in Pandan Bay. A paper presented in the International Milkfish Workshop-Conference, Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines, May 17–22, 1976.

Villaluz A.C. and A. Unggui. 1983. Effects of temperature on behaviour, growth, development and survival in young milkfish, Chanos chanos (Forskal), Aquaculture 35:321–330.

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