International Introductions of Inland Aquatic Species













Table of Contents


compiled by

R.L. Welcomme

Senior Fishery Resources Officer
Fishery Resources and Environment Division
FAO Fisheries Department

The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country. territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

M-44 ISBN
92-5-102664-5

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Applications (or such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Director, Publications Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Via delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome. Italy.

© FAO 1988

This electronic document has been scanned using optical character recognition (OCR) software and careful manual recorrection. Even if the quality of digitalisation is high, the FAO declines all responsibility for any discrepancies that may exist between the present document and its original printed version.


Table of Contents


PREPARATION OF THIS DOCUMENT

INTRODUCTION

TRENDS IN INTRODUCTIONS

MOTIVES FOR INTRODUCTIONS

RISKS OF INTRODUCTIONS

EVALUATION OF INTRODUCTIONS

MEASURES TO REDUCE RISKS OF TRANSFERS

REGISTER OF INTERNATIONAL INTRODUCTIONS OF INLAND AQUATIC SPECIES (A - B)

Acanthogobius flavimanus SCHLEGEL: GOBIIDAE
Acipenser baeri BRANDT: ACIPENSERIDAE
Acipenser ruthensis L.: ACIPENSERIDAE
Aequidens pulcher (GILL): CICHLIDAE
Alburnus alburnus (L.): CYPRINIDAE
Ambloplites rupestris (RAF.): CENTRARCHIDAE
Anabas testudineus (BLOCH): ANABANTIDAE
Anguilla
Anguilla anguilla L.: ANGUILLIDAE
Anguilla australis PHILLIPS: ANGUILLIDAE
Anguilla japonica TEMMINCK AND SCHLEGEL: ANGUILLIDAE
Aplidonotus grunniens RAF.: SCIAENIDAE
Aplocheilus lineatus (CUVIER and VALENCIENNES): CYPRINODONTIDAE
Aplocheilus panchax HAM. BUCH.: CYPRINODONTIDAE
Arapaima gigas (CUVIER): OSTEOGLOSSIDAE
Aristichthys nobilis RICHARDSON: CYPRINIDAE
Aspius aspius L.: CYPRINIDAE
Astacus astacus L.: CRUSTACEA ASTACIDAE
Astacus leptodactylus ESCH.: CRUSTACEA ASTACIDAE
Astatoreochromis alluaudi PELLEGRIN: CICHLIDAE
Astronotus ocellatus (AGASSIZ): CICHLIDAE
Bagrus meridionalis GUNTHER: BAGRIDAE
Bairdiella icistia (JORDAN and GILBERT): SCIAENIDAE
Barbus barbus L.: CYPRINIDAE
Barbus conchonius (HAM. BUCH.): CYPRINIDAE
Barbus gelius (HAM. BUCH.): CYPRINIDAE
Barbus holubi STEINDACHNER: CYPRINIDAE
Barbus javanicus (= Barbus gonionotus) (BLEEKER): CYPRINIDAE
Barbus kimberleyensis GILCHRIST and THOMPSON: CYRPINIDAE
Barbus natalensis CAST.: CYPRINIDAE
Barbus oliogolepis (BLEEKER): CYPRINIDAE
Barbus schwanenfeldi BLEEKER: CYPRINIDAE
Barbus semifasciolatus GUNTHER: CYPRINIDAE
Barbus tetrazona (BLEEKER): CYPRINIDAE
Barbus titteya (DERANYAGALA): CYPRINIDAE
Belonesox belizanus KNER: POECILIIDAE
Betta brederi MYERS: ANABANTIDAE
Betta splendens REGAN: ANABANTIDAE
Blicca bjoerkna (L.): CYPRINIDAE
Brachydanio rerio (HAM. BUCH): CYPRINIDAE

REGISTER OF INTERNATIONAL INTRODUCTIONS OF INLAND AQUATIC SPECIES (C)

Carassius auratus (L.): CYPRINIDAE
Caraasius carassius L.: CYPRINIDAE
Carpoides cyprinus (LESUEUR): CYPRINIDAE
Catla catla (HAM. BUCK.): CYPRINIDAE
Channa (Ophiocephalus) striata BLOCH: CHANNIDAE
Chanos chanos (FORSKAL): CHANIDAE
Cichla ocellaris BLOCH and SCHNEIDER: CICHLIDAE
Cichlasoma baeni JORDAN: CICHLIDAE
Cichlasoma bimaculatum (L.): CICHLIDAE
Cichlasoma citrinellum (GUNTHER): CICHLIDAE
Cichlasoma facetum (JENYNS): CICHLIDAE
Cichlasoma guttulatum (GUNTHER): CICHLIDAE
Cichlasoma managuense (GUNTHER): CICHLIDAE
Cichlasoma meeki BRIND: CICHLIDAE
Cichlasoma motaguense (GUNTHER): CICHLIDAE
Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum (GUNTHER): CICHLIDAE
Cichlasoma octofasciatum (REGAN): CICHLIDAE
Cichlasoma salvini (GUNTHER): CICHLIDAE
Cichlasoma severum (HECKEL): CICHLIDAE
Cichlasoma trimaculatum (GUNTHER): CICHLIDAE
Cirrhinus molitorella (CUVIER and VALENCIENNES): CYPRINIDAE
Cirrhinus mrigala HAM. BUCH: CYPRINIDAE
Clarias batrachus (L.): CLARIIDAE
Clarias fuscus LACEPEDE: CLARIIDAE
Clarias gariepinus (BURCHELL): CLARIIDAE
Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (JENKYNS): POECILIIDAE
Colisa fasciata (BLOCH and SCHNEIDER): ANABANTIDAE
Colisa labiosa (DAY): ANABANTIDAE
Colisa lalia (HAM. BUCH.): ANABANTIDAE
Colossoma bidens (SPIX): CHARACIDAE
Colossoma macropomum (CUVIER): CHARACIDAE
Colossoma mitrei (BERG): CHARACIDAE
Coregonus clupeaformis MITCHILL: COREGONIDAE
Coregonus lavaretus L.: COREGONIDAE
Coregonus nasus PALLAS: COREGONIDAE
Coregonus peled GMELIN: COREGONIDAE
C tenopharyngodon idella (VALENCIENNES): CYPRINIDAE
Ctenopoma nigropannosum (REICHEROW): ANABANTIDAE
Cynolebias belotti STEINDACHNER: CYPRINODONTIDAE
Cynoscion xanthulus JORDAN and GILBERT: SCIAENIDAE
Cyprinus carpio L.: CYPRINIDAE

REGISTER OF INTERNATIONAL INTRODUCTIONS OF INLAND AQUATIC SPECIES (D - E - F - G - H)

Dalia pectoralis BEAN: DMBRIDAE
Danio malabaricus (JERDON): CYPRINIDAE
Dorosoma petenense (GUNTHER): CLUPEIDAE
Eriocheir sinensis M.EDW.: CRUSTACEA; POTAMIDAE
Esox lucius (L.): ESOCIDAE
Etroplus suratensis (BLOCH): CICHLIDAE
Fundulus grandis BAIRD and GIRARD: CYPRINODONTIDAE
Fundulus zebrinus JORDAN and GILBERT: CYPRINODONTIDAE
Gambusia affinis BAIRD and GIRARD: POECILIIDAE
Gambusia dominicensis REGAN: POECILIIDAE
Geophagus brasiliensis (QUOY and GRIMARD): CICHLIDAE
Geophagus surinamensis BLOCK: CICHLIDAE
Gila bicolor (GIRARD): CYPRINIDAE
Gila orcutti (EIGENMANN and EIGENMANN): CYPRINIDAE
Gymnocorymbus ternetzi (BOULENGER): CHARACIDAE
Helostoma temmincki KUHL and VAN HASSELT: ANABANTIDAE
Hemibarbus maculatus BLEEKER: CYPRINIDAE
Hemichromis bimaculatus GILL: CICHLIDAE
Hemiculter eigenmanni (JORDAN and METZ): CYPRINIDAE
Hemiculter leucisculus (BASILEWSKI): CYPRINIDAE
Heterotis niloticus (EHRENBERG): OSTEOGLOSSIDAE
Hoplias malabaricus (BLOCH): ERYTHRINIDAE
Hucho hue ho L.: SALMONIDAR
Hypomesus transpacificus nipponensis MCALLISTER: OSMERIDAE
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (VALENCIENNES): CYPRINIDAE
Hypostomus spp. LORICARIIDAE
Hypseleotris swinhonis (GUNTHER): ELEOTRIDAE

REGISTER OF INTERNATIONAL INTRODUCTIONS OF INLAND AQUATIC SPECIES (I - L - M)

Ictalurus catus L.: ICTALURIDAE
Ictalurus melas (RAFINESQUE)/I. nebulosus LESUEUR: ICTALURIDAE
Ictalurus melas (RAFINESQUE): ICTALURIDAE
Ictalurus nebulosus (LESUEUR): ICTALURIDAE
Ictalurus punctatus (RAFINESQOE): ICTALURIDAE
Ictiobus bubalus (VALENCIENNES): CATASTOMIDAE
Ictiobus cyprinellus (VALENCIENNES): CATASTOMIDAE
Ictiobus niger (RAFINESQUE): CATASTOMIDAE
Labeo rohita HAMILTON: CYPRINIDAE
Lates niloticus L: CENTROPOMIDAE
Lepomis auritus L.: CENTRARCHIDAE
Lepomis cyanellus RAFINESQUE: CENTRARCHIDAE
Lepomis gibbosus L.: CENTRARCHIDAE
Lepomis gulosus (CUVIER): CENTRARCHIDAE
Lepomis macrochirus RAFINESQUE: CENTRARCHIDAE
Lepomis microlophus (GUNTHER): CEHTRARCHIDAE
Lepomis sp.: CENTRARCHIDAE
Leucaspius delineatus HECKEL: CYPRINIDAE
Leuciscus idus (L.): CYPRINIDAE
Leuciscus leuciscus (L.): CYPRINIDAE
Limnothrissa miodon (BOULENGER): CLUPEIDAE
Macrobrachium amazonicum (HELLER): CRUSTACEA; PALAEMONIDAE
Macrobrachium lar (FABRICIUS): CRUSTACEA; PALAEMONIDAE
Macrobrachium rosenbergii (DE MAN): CRUSTACEA; PALAEMONIDAE
Macropodus opercularis (L.): ANABANTIDAE
Macropodus sp.; ANABANTIDAE
Micropterus coosae HUBBS and BAILEY: CENTRARCHIDAE
Micropterus dolomieui LACEPEDE: CENTRARCHIDAE
Micropterus punctulatus (RAPINESQUE); CENTRARCHIDAE
Micropterus salmoides (LACEPEDE): CENTRARCHIDAE
Misgurnus anguillicaudatus (CANTOR): COBITIDAE
Monopterus albus (ZUIEW): SYNBRANCHIDAE
Morone chrysops (RAFINESQUE): PERCICHTHYIDAE
Morone saxatilis (WALBAUM): PERCICHTHYIDAE
Mylopharyngodon piceus (RICHARDSON): CYPRINIDAE

REGISTER OF INTERNATIONAL INTRODUCTIONS OF INLAND AQUATIC SPECIES (N - O)

Notemigonus crysoleucas RAFIHESQUE; CYPRINIDAE
Nothobranchius guentheri (PFEFFER): CYPRINODONTIDAE
Noturus insignis (RICHARDSON): ICTALDRIDAE
Odontesthes bonariensis (CUVIER and VAUNCIENNES): ATHERINIDAE
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha (WALBAUM): SALMONIDAE
Oncorhynchus keta (WALBAUM): SALMONIDAE
Oncorhynchus kisutch (WALBAUM): SALMON IDAE
Oncorhynchus masou BREVOORT: SALMONIDAE
Oncorhynchus nerka WALBAUM: SALMONIDAE
Oncorhynchus rhodurus (JORDAN and HACGREGOR): SALMONIDAE
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (WALBAUM): SALMONIDAE
Opsariichthys uncirostris amurensis BERG: CYPRINIDAE
Orconectes limosus RAFINESQUE: CRUSTACEA; ASTACIDAE
Oreochromis andersoni CAST: CICHLIDAE
Oreochromis aureus (STEINDACHNER): CICHLIDAE
Oreochromis esculentus (GRAHAM): CICHLIDAE
Oreochromis leucostictus (TREWAVAS): CICHLIDAE
Oreochromis macrochir (BOULENGER): CICHLIDAE
Oreochromis mortimeri (TREWAVAS): CICHLIDAE
Oreochromis mossambicus (PETERS): CICHLIDAE
Oreochromis niloticus L.: CICHLIDAE
Oreochromis niloticus × O. mossambicus hybrid 'Red Tilapia': CICHLIDAE
Oreochromis shiranus BOULENGER: CICHLIDAE
Oreochromis spilurus (GUNTHER); CICHLIDAE
Oreochromis urolepis hornorum (TREWAVAS): CICHLIDAE
Oreochromis sp. Native range: Africa
Orthodon microlepidotus (AYRES): CYPRINIDAE
Oryzias latipes (TEMMINCK and SCHLEGEL): ORYZIATIDAE
Osphronemus gouramy (LACEPEDE): OSPHRONEMIBAE

REGISTER OF INTERNATIONAL INTRODUCTIONS OF INLAND AQUATIC SPECIES (P - R)

Pacifastacus leniusculus DANA: CRUSTACEA; ASTACIDAE
Penaeus monodon FABRICIUS: CRUSTACEA; PENEIDAE
Penaeus vannamei BOONE: CRUSTACEA; PENEIDAE
Perca fluviatilis L.: PERCIDAE
Percottus glehni DYBOWSKI: ELEOTRIDAE
Phalloceros caudomaculatus (HENSEL): POECILIIDAE
Pimephalus promelas RAFINESQUE: CYPRINIDAE
Platichthys flesus (L.): PLEURONECTIDAE
Poecilia latipinna (LE SUEUR): POECILIIDAE
Poecilia mexicana STEINDACHNER: POECILIIDAE
Poecilia reticulata PETERS: POECILIIDAE
Poecilia sphenops (CUVIER and VAI£NCIENNES): POECILIIDAE
Poecilia velifera REGAN: POECILIIDAE
Poecilia vittata (GUICHENOT): POECILIIDAE
Poeciliopsis gracilis (HECKEL): POECILIIDAE
Pomoxis annularis RAFINESQUE: CENTRARCHIDAE
Pomoxis nigromaculatus LESUEUR: CENTRARCHIDAE
Procambarus clarkii (GIRARD): CRUSTACEA; ASTACIDAE
Pseudorasbora parva TEMM and SCHL: CYPRINIDAE
Pterophyllum scalare (CTVIER and VALENCIENNES): CICHLIDAE
Rana catesbiana SHAW: AMPHIBIA; RANIOAE
Rasbora trilineata STEIHDACHNEK: CYPRINIDAE
Rhinogobius similis GILL: GOBIIDAE
Rhodeus ocellatus (KNER): CYPRINIDAE
Rhodeus sericeus (BLOCH): CYPRINIDAE
Rivulus harti (BOULENCER): CYPRINODOHTIDAE

REGISTER OF INTERNATIONAL INTRODUCTIONS OF INLAND AQUATIC SPECIES (S)

Salmo aguabonita JORDAN: SALMONIDAE
Salmo clarkii (RICHARDSON): SALMONIDAE
Salmo gairdneri (RICHARDSON): SALMONIDAE
Salmo salar L.: SALMONIDAE
Salmo trutta L.: SALMONIDAE
Salvelinns alpinus (L.): SALMONIDAE
Salvelinus fontinalis (MITCHILL): SALMONIDAE
Salvelinus leucomanius pluvius (HILGENDORF): SALMONIDAE
Salvelinus namaycush (WALBAUM): SALMONIDAE
Sarotherodon galilaeus (L.): CICHLIDAE
Sarotherodon melanotheron (RUPPELL): CICHLIDAE
Scardinius erythrophthalmus (L.): CYPRINIDAE
Serranochromis robustus GUNTHER: CICHLIDAE
Serrasalmus humeralis VALENCIENNES: CHARACIDAE
Serrasalmus sp.: CHARACIDAE
Silurus glanis L.: SILURIDAE
Stizostedion lucioperca (L.): PERCIDAE
Stizostedion vitreum (MITCHILL): PERCIDAE
Tanichthys albonubes L.: CYPKINIDAE

REGISTER OF INTERNATIONAL INTRODUCTIONS OF INLAND AQUATIC SPECIES (T - U - X)

Tilapia guineensis (BLEEKER): CICHLIDAE
Tilapia mariae BOULENGER: CICHLIDAE
Tilapia rendalli BOULEHGERI CICHLIDAE
Tilapia sparrmanii SMITH: CICHLIDAE
Tilapia zillii (GERVAIS): CICHLIDAE
Tilapia sp.
Tinca tinca L. CYPRINIDAE
Trichogaster leeri (BLEEKER): OSPHRONEMIDAE
Trichogaster microlepis (GUNTHER); OSPHRONEMIDAE
Trichogaster pectoralis (REGAN): OSPHRONEMIDAE
Trichogaster trichopterus (PALLAS): OSPHRONEMIDAE
Trichopsis vittata (KUHL and VAN HASSELT): ANABANTIDAE
Tridentiger trigonocephalus (GILL): GOBIIDAE
Umbra krameri WALBAUM: UMBRIDAE
Umbra pygmea DE KAY: UMBRIDAE
Xiphophorus helleri HECKEL: POECILIIDAE
Xiphophorus maculatus (GUNTHER): POECILIIDAE
Xiphophorus variatus (MEEK): POECILIIDAE
Xiphophorus sp.: POECILIIDAE

REFERENCES