Global Importance 
Carp pond farming in the Waldviertel region is of global importance due to its long-standing tradition of sustainable aquaculture. With a history of over 900 years, this farming system exemplifies low-impact, extensive fish farming practices that are environmentally sustainable and economically viable. The system supports significant biodiversity, contributing to global efforts in conservation and climate regulation. Its methods and practices serve as a model for sustainable aquaculture worldwide, showcasing how traditional practices can coexist with modern demands for environmental sustainability. 

Food and Livelihood Security
The carp pond farming system in the Waldviertel region is vital for ensuring food and livelihood security in local communities. This traditional aquaculture system employs sustainable practices, such as low stocking densities and natural pond ecosystems, resulting in high-quality carp with a distinct taste and superior texture. These attributes, along with the carp's rich nutritional value—high in protein and omega-3 fatty acids—justify a higher market price compared to imported carp. Furthermore, the local carp are considered environmentally sustainable due to their low impact on ecosystems and efficient use of natural resources. 

The economic sustainability of this system is enhanced by the innovative use of carp products, including the production of leather accessories from carp skin, which adds value and diversifies income sources. Coupled with agrotourism initiatives, this diversified approach provides a stable income for local farmers, preserves cultural heritage, and promotes sustainable food traditions, making Waldviertel carp a premium product in the marketplace. 

Agrobiodiversity 
Agrobiodiversity is a cornerstone of the carp pond farming system in the Waldviertel region. The ponds create a diverse ecosystem that supports a wide range of species, including various fish, birds, insects, and aquatic plants. This biodiversity is crucial for maintaining the ecological balance and health of the ponds, providing natural pest control, nutrient cycling, and habitat for numerous species. The maintenance of this diverse ecosystem also helps to preserve the genetic diversity of carp and other species, which is vital for adapting to future environmental changes. 

Local and Traditional Knowledge Systems
The carp pond farming system relies heavily on local and traditional knowledge that has been passed down through generations. This knowledge encompasses pond management, fish breeding, and sustainable farming practices that are tailored to the specific environmental conditions of the Waldviertel region. Farmers employ centuries-old techniques to maintain pond health, manage water resources, and ensure sustainable fish production. This deep reservoir of traditional knowledge not only supports the local economy but also helps preserve cultural heritage and fosters a strong sense of community identity. 

Cultures, Value Systems, and Social Organizations
Carp pond farming is deeply embedded in the cultural identity and social fabric of the Waldviertel region. The practice is intertwined with local traditions, festivals, and social organizations that have been maintained over centuries. These cultural practices promote social cohesion and community resilience, reinforcing the value of collective action and mutual support among farmers and residents. By sustaining traditional practices and promoting local cultural heritage, carp pond farming helps to preserve regional identity and strengthen community bonds. 

Landscapes and Waterscapes Features 
The ponds of the Waldviertel region are distinctive features of the landscape, creating a mosaic of water bodies that contribute to the area's ecological and aesthetic value. These man-made ponds play a crucial role in water management, acting as natural reservoirs that support flood control, water retention, and groundwater recharge. The ponds also enhance the landscape's biodiversity, providing habitats for various plant and animal species. This integration of agricultural, ecological, and cultural elements makes the landscape a vital part of the region's identity and ecological resilience.