On 11 July 2022, the Government of Colombia introduced Decree 1174, temporarily lifting import tariffs on wheat grain and wheat flour for a period of two years. Import tariffs on agricultural chemical inputs such as fertilizers, insecticides, fungicides and herbicides were also suspended until 5 April 2023. These measures aim to contain price increases of wheat-based products and lower costs of agricultural production.

Following sustained increases that began towards the end of 2021, wholesale prices of wheat flour were on average 70 percent higher year on year in June 2022. Regarding agricultural inputs, retail prices of urea were more than double their year-earlier levels in May 2022. The country depends heavily on imports to cover domestic requirements of wheat and agricultural chemical inputs. During the 2017-2021 period, imports of wheat grain and wheat flour originated mostly from Canada, the United States of America and Argentina, where zero duties are already applied under Free Trade Agreements. During the same period, about 60 percent of agricultural chemical inputs were imported from the Russian Federation, China and the United States of America.