Prices of sorghum and millet generally levelled off or declined in October, reflecting the commercialization of early harvested crops, but they increased in markets located in northern and eastern areas severely affected by conflicts. Prices of sorghum and millet remained up to about 70 and 120 percent, respectively, higher year-on-year, reflecting disruptions to markets related to a severe deterioration of security conditions in the conflict-affected areas. The upsurge of violence caused cereal production shortfalls in 2021 and disruptions to trade flows, markets and agricultural livelihoods. In northern and eastern areas, the high concentration of internally displaced persons, approximately 1.9 million, has increased the local demand for food, weighing on prices. In addition, cereal production in 2022 is forecast at below-average levels due to the adverse effects of conflicts and low application of agricultural inputs, and as a result, the seasonal downward pressure in some markets will likely be limited. Strong export demand due to increased import needs in neighbouring countries continued to support the higher year-on-year prices. In order to contain the upward price movements, an export ban on millet, maize and sorghum flours, and cereal grains, implemented since 2021, remains in place (FPMA Food Policies).