Seaweed is becoming an increasingly important aquatic product, both in terms of traded volumes and its role in food use and further processing.
Amidst the current uncertainty in the global economy, fuel prices are increasing and this will have an important impact on costs in capture fisheries.
This feature highlights some key challenges and apparent opportunities for blue transformation. Small island developing States (SIDS) present diverse profiles in fisheries and aquaculture.
Policy and tariff uncertainty was a defining feature for the global salmon market in 2025. Changing trade measures across major destinations affected purchasing decisions, added cost variability and prompted adjustments in sourcing patterns and trade flows.
Lower supplies of fishmeal and fish oil are expected for the first half of 2026 as the reduced quota allocated to Peru’s NorthCentre region will constrain available supplies, especially for fish oil.
Apart from some volatility due to high US tariffs which came into effect in August, global shrimp trade during 2025 was characterized by balanced supply and demand amid steady international prices.
The popularity of higher-value tuna remains reasonably good in the global sashimi and non-sashimi tuna trade, with seasonal peaks for premium Atlantic and Pacific fresh bluefin
Prices for farmed seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and seabream (Sparus aurata) remained at high levels across major European and North American markets in the first nine months of 2025, supported by tight supply conditions and resilient demand.
While China and the United States of America have slowed,emerging and diversified markets are driving momentum in the trade of pangasius, supported by its affordability and improved quality positioning.
In January–September 2025, Asia remained the largest regional market for frozen small pelagics used in processing industries as well as for direct human consumption.
Global tilapia markets in the first nine months of 2025 were shaped by shifting trade flows, uneven regional demand and continued price pressure in key importing markets.
Cod prices increased by 20 percent in the course of 2025, causing attitudes to change toward this familiar species in the European market.
From January to September 2025, global cephalopod markets were characterized by diverging supply conditions and strong demand, with octopus and squid following distinct trajectories. For octopus markets, despite a modest rise in output following seasonal reopenings and improved stock conditions, demand outpaced supply across key consuming regions, leading to price increases.
2025 saw excellent market conditions for bivalves in all major markets. The exception was oysters, which were issued sanitary alerts in France and the United States of America; this situation created consumer resistance exactly during what is normally the main consumption period for the species.
Overall supply of crab worldwide was tight in 2025, leading to some shortages in the market. In the present year, the situation is likely to continue, driven by lower catch quotas in producing regions and in some cases, the possibility of changing tariff landscapes.
Higher tariffs by the United States of America have started to be felt by European exporters. In addition, lower salmon prices, a weaker US dollar, reduced quotas for several wild fish species and tougher competition in important markets, have all negatively impacted export performance.
From January to September 2025, exports of Canadian lobster to China dropped by 40 percent year-on-year as trade continued to be impacted by the latter’s import tariff.
January is a quiet month for fish consumption in Europe. On the other hand, Asia is preparing for the Chinese New Year celebrations which will begin on 16 February up to the Lantern Festival on 3 March.
The FAO GLOBEFISH Chinese Fish Price Report, based on information supplied by industry correspondents, aims to provide guidance on broad price trends. Price information is indicative and should be used only for forecasting medium- and long-term trends.
Fish plays a significant role in fighting hunger and malnutrition. Fish is not only a source of animal protein and healthy fats, but it also provides essential micro-nutrients, such as iodine, selenium, vitamin D and calcium, and even iron, zinc, and vitamin A when eaten whole.