谁是土著人民?
由于地区和国家的差异, 文化背景和历史条件的多源性, 这使得为土著人取一个能适用于所有土著社区的单一的国际定义极为困难。根据国际共识,粮农组织将遵循以下原则来定义土著人民:
- 时间上的优先,指占领和使用某一特定的领土 ;
- 自愿延续的文化特异性,其中可能包括语言、 社会组织、 宗教和精神价值, 生产模式、法律和机构等方面的
- 自我认同,并被其他群体承认;或被国家当局作为一个独特的集体识别
- 经历过被征服、 边缘化、 剥夺、 排斥或歧视,不管这些条件是否仍然存在。
KEY DATA ON INDIGENOUS PEOPLES
There are 476 million Indigenous Peoples in the seven socio-cultural regions of the world, in 90 countries, belonging to more than 5,000 different groups.
Asia has the largest concentration of Indigenous Peoples with 70.5 percent, followed by Africa with 16.3 percent, and Latin America with 11.5 percent. In Canada and the United States of America, Indigenous Peoples represent 6.7 percent of the total population.
Indigenous Peoples make up 6.2 percent of the global population with the majority living in middle-income countries.
Indigenous Peoples represent more than 19 percent of the extreme poor.
Indigenous Peoples' territories encompass 28 percent of the surface of the globe and contain 11 percent of the world’s forests.
Indigenous Peoples are guardians of most of the world’s remaining biodiversity.
Indigenous Peoples’ food systems have high levels of self-sufficiency ranging from 50 percent to 80 percent in food and resources generation.
Indigenous Peoples and FAO - A Narrative for working together
FAO, 2024
This short publication aims to clarify and address common pitfalls and misconceptions that occur when working with Indigenous Peoples. It will assist FAO personnel in their work with Indigenous Peoples, preventing mistakes by delineating the way to approach Indigenous Peoples' issues. The publication presents key data and concepts on Indigenous Peoples, highlights their importance in the fight against hunger and malnutrition and presents the language that should be used when addressing Indigenous Peoples' issues. Furthermore, this publication provides an overview of Indigenous Peoples’ participation and legal status within the UN and of their partnership with FAO. The principles that underpin this partnership are outlined within the document, as well as the key achievements of past years and the way forward for the future.
In Brief: Indigenous Peoples' food systems
FAO and the Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT, 2023
This In Brief publication summarizes the information contained in the extensive publication "Indigenous Peoples' food systems: Insights on sustainability and resilience from the front line of climate change", published in 2021. It focuses on the common and unique sustainability elements of Indigenous Peoples' food systems, in terms of natural resource management, access to the market, diet diversity, indigenous peoples’ governance systems, and links to traditional knowledge and Indigenous Peoples' languages. Indigenous Peoples' food systems are essential to achieve the Zero Hunger Goal.
FAO and the Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT, 2022
This review, for the first time to date, analyses the potential of labelling and certification schemes for Indigenous Peoples to market their food products. Specifically, it looks at those schemes that are designed by, with and for Indigenous Peoples, and that can provide economic, social and environmental benefits while protecting and promoting their unique values centered around the respect of life and Mother Earth.
FAO, The Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT, 2021
This publication provides an overview of the common and unique sustainability elements of Indigenous Peoples' food systems, in terms of natural resource management, access to the market, diet diversity, indigenous peoples’ governance systems, and links to traditional knowledge and Indigenous Peoples' languages. While enhancing the learning on Indigenous Peoples food systems, it will raise awareness on the need to enhance the protection of Indigenous Peoples' food systems as a source of livelihood for the 476 million Indigenous Peoples in the world, while contributing to the Zero Hunger Goal.
FAO, 2021
This White/Wiphala paper on Indigenous Peoples’ food systems is the result of collective work by Indigenous Peoples’ representatives and experts, scientists, researchers, and UN staff. Over 47 different units, organizations, and institutions have contributed to the Paper from the seven socio-cultural regions. This final version of the White/Wiphala paper has been coordinated by the Global-Hub on Indigenous Peoples’ Food and Knowledge Systems and edited by a Technical Editorial Committee, and summarises the main points received.
Territorial management in Indigenous matrifocal societies
FAO and IWGIA, 2020
In recent years, the interests on the social world and the physical world of Indigenous Peoples have been on the increase, resulting in a gradual growth of literature on Indigenous Peoples of the world. Such works have provided an understanding on the situation of Indigenous Peoples. However, more studies are required on documenting Indigenous Peoples' knowledge and practices.
The current work was taken up as part of the appreciative inquiry and effort to contribute towards the body of knowledge on Indigenous Peoples’ social world and their landscape. In this regard FAO in collaboration with IGWIA and other partners studied four cases of matrilineal and matrilocal indigenous societies: Khasi, Wayuu, Mosso and Shipibo-Conibo people.
FAO, 2015
The “FAO Policy on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples” has been formulated so as to ensure that FAO will make all due efforts to respect, include and promote Indigenous Peoples issues in its work. In doing so, FAO joins the international community’s increasing mobilization in favour of the rights and concerns of Indigenous Peoples.