Boîte à outils pour l’homologation des pesticides

Terms and definitions T

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Target:

Any biological entity that receives an exposure or a dose (e.g., a human, a human population, or a human organ).  [Source: IPCS]

Technical material (TC):

A material resulting from a manufacturing process comprising the active ingredient, together with associated impurities. This may contain small amounts of necessary additives. Note: A TC is an active ingredient isolated (as far as is practicable) from the starting materials, solvents, etc., used to produce it. The isolation process may be simple, for example filtration and drying of a precipitate, or relatively complex. A TC may be prepared from a TK but it may also be diluted, with or without conversion to a salt or other derivative, to prepare a TK. A TC is formulated before use as a pesticide and a salt or other derivative may be formed during the formulation process. A TC is traded between manufacturers and formulators. [Source: JMPS]

Technical concentrate (TK):

A material resulting from a manufacturing process comprising the active ingredient, together with associated impurities. This may contain small amounts of necessary additives and appropriate diluents. Note: A technical concentrate (TK) may be an active ingredient which has not been isolated from the materials, solvents, etc., used to produce it, or it may be a minimally diluted TC intended for use in preparing formulations. In some cases it is necessary or advantageous to manufacture formulations from a technical concentrate (TK), rather than from a TC. For example, the active ingredient may be unstable in a pure form or an isolation process may introduce unnecessary cost and complexity, especially if the only impurity removed is water. A salt or other derivative may be formed during the formulation process or in the preparation of the TK. [Source: JMPS]


Temporary MRL (TMRL) or Temporary EMRL (TEMRL):

An MRL or EMRL established (By the Codex Alimentarius) for a specified, limited period and recommended under either of the following conditions:

  1. Where a temporary acceptable daily intake has been estimated by the Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide residues for the pesticide or contaminant of concern; or
  2. Where, although an acceptable daily intake has been estimated, the good agricultural practice is not sufficiently known or residue data are inadequate for proposing an MRL or ERL by the Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues. [Source: JMPR]

Teratogenicity:

Potential to cause the production of nonheritable structural malformations or defects in offspring. [Source: IUPAC]

Time-averaged exposure:

Time-integrated exposure divided by the exposure duration. An example is the daily average exposure of an individual to carbon monoxide. (Also called timeweighted average exposure.) [Source: IPCS]

Toxicity:

Physiological or biological property which determines the capacity of a chemical to do harm or produce injury to a living organism by other than mechanical means. [Source: International Code of Conduct]

Toxicity exposure ratio (TER):

Ratio of the measure of the effects (e.g., LD50, LC50, NOEC) to the estimated exposure. Note: It is the reciprocal of a risk quotient or hazard quotient. [Source: IUPAC]

Toxicokinetics:

Overall process of the absorption in biology (uptake) of potentially toxic substances by the body, the distribution of the substances and their metabolites in tissues and organs, their metabolism (biotransformation), and the elimination of the substances and their metabolites from the body. [Source: IUPAC]

Toxin:

Poisonous substance produced by a biological organism such as a microbe, animal, plant, or fungus. [Source: IUPAC]