بوابة دعم السياسات والحوكمة

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Tool

2006

Policy Impacts on Inequality. Weighting Samples: Introductory Issues. EASYPol Series 081

This analytical tool illustrates the concept of weighting samples in survey analysis. In particular, it deals with: a) the concept of weights and inflation factors; b) why weights are important in calculating statistical measures; c) how disregarding weights may lead to misleading results in empirical analysis. This paper is part of the FAO Policy series: EASYPol-Resources for policy making (in agriculture, rural development and food security). You can find other EASYPol series' resources in the Resources section of this website, typing "EASYPol" in the free text search.

Tool

2006

Policy Impacts on Inequality: Simple Inequality Measures. EASYPol Series 080

This module illustrates the simplest ways to measure inequality drawing on the statistical concepts of location, shape and variability. In particular, the following measures will be addressed: a) the range; b) the relative mean deviation; c) the variance; d) the coefficient of variation; and e) the standard deviation of logharitms. For all these measures, step-by-step procedures and numerical examples are also discussed. For more information, see also: Charting Income Inequality. The Lorenz Curve. EASYPol Series 000 Social Welfare Analysis of Income Distributions: Ranking Income Distributions with Lorenz Curves. EASYPol Series 001 Policy Impacts on Inequality: Inequality and Axioms for its Measurement. EASYPol Series 054 This [...]

Tool

2006

Policy Impacts on Inequality: Inequality and Axioms for its Measurement. EASYPol Series 054

This tool illustrates the concept of desirable properties any inequality index should respect. In particular, it introduces the distinction between a positive and a normative approach to inequality analysis. Then, it discusses the role of axioms in inequality measurement and their conceptual meaning. Finally, using the Gini Index and the variance, a step-by-step procedure and numerical examples are introduced for operational purposes. For further information, see also: Charting Income Inequality. The Lorenz Curve. EASYPol Series 000 Social Welfare Analysis of Income Distributions: Ranking Income Distributions with Lorenz Curves. EASYPol Series 001 Inequality Analysis: The Gini Index. EASYPol Series 040 Social Welfare Analysis of Income Distributions: [...]

Tool

2006

Policy Impacts on Inequality. Decomposition of Income Inequality by Income Sources. EASYPol Series 053

This analytical tool illustrates how to decompose inequality measures by income sources. In particular, it discusses this decomposition in the context of the Gini and the Theil Indexes. A step-by-step procedure and numerical examples give operational content to the tool. For further information, see also: Charting Income Inequality. The Lorenz Curve. EASYPol Series 000 Social Welfare Analysis of Income Distributions: Ranking Income Distributions with Lorenz Curves. EASYPol Series 001 Inequality Analysis: The Gini Index. EASYPol Series 040 Describing Income Inequality. Theil Index and Entropy Class Indexes. EASYPol Series 051 Policy Impacts on Inequality: Decomposition of Income Inequality by Subgroups. EASYPol Series 052 This paper is part of [...]

Tool

2006

Policy impacts on inequality: Decomposition of Income Inequality by Subgroups. EASYPol Series 052

This analytical tool illustrates how to decompose inequality measures by subgroups of populations. In particular, it defines the concepts of within and between inequality and analyses how different inequality indexes perform with respect to this decomposition. In particular, the performance of the analysis of variance, the Gini Index and the Theil Index will be discussed. A step-by-step procedure and numerical examples give operational content to the tool. For further information, see also: Charting Income Inequality. The Lorenz Curve. EASYPol Series 000 Social Welfare Analysis of Income Distributions: Ranking Income Distributions with Lorenz Curves. EASYPol Series 001 Inequality Analysis: The Gini Index. EASYPol Series 040 Describing [...]

Tool

2006

Describing Income Inequality. Theil Index and Entropy Class Indexes. EASYPol Series 051

This analytical tool illustrates the entropy class of inequality indexes. In particular, it shows how different inequality indexes may be obtained by using a general definition (class) of indexes by assigning different values to a fixed parameter. A step-by-step procedure and numerical examples then show how to move from conceptual to operational ground. For further information, see also: Charting Income Inequality. The Lorenz Curve. EASYPol Series 000 Social Welfare Analysis of Income Distributions: Ranking Income Distributions with Lorenz Curves. EASYPOl Series 001 Social Welfare Analysis of Income Distributions: Ranking Income Distributions with Crossing Generalised Lorenz Curves. EASYPol Sereis 003 Inequality Analysis: The Gini Index. EASYPol [...]

Tool

2006

Policy Impacts on Inequality. Welfare Based Measures of Inequality: The Atkinson Index. EASYPol Series 050

This analytical tool illustrates one of the most popular welfare-based measures of inequality, the Atkinson Index . In particular, it discusses the foundations of this Index, in terms of social welfare specifications, and the concept of equally distributed equivalent income on which the measure is based. The use of this measure is then exemplified in a step-by-step procedure and in a numerical example. For further information, see also: Impacts of Policies on Poverty: Distributional Poverty Measures Poverty Analysis: Poverty and Dominance Social Welfare Analysis of Income Distributions: Social Welfare, Social Welfare Functions and Inequality Aversion This paper is part of the FAO Policy series: EASYPol-Resources [...]

Tool

2006

Inequality Analysis: The Gini Index. EASYPol Series 040

This analytical tool addresses the most popular inequality index, the Gini index. It discusses its characteristics and the link with another popular graphical tool of representing inequality, the Lorenz Curve. Extended version of the Gini Index with different weighting schemes are also discussed. The use of the Gini Index and of its generalised versions is explained through a step-by-step procedure and numerical examples. For further information, see also: Charting Income Inequality. The Lorenz Curve. EASYPol Series 000 Impacts of Policies on Poverty. Basic Poverty Measures. EASYPol Series 007 Policy Impacts on Inequality: Inequality and Axioms for its Measurement. EASYPol Series 054 Policy Impacts on Inequality: [...]

Tool

2005

Monitoring Policy Impacts (MPI). The application of the logframe method. EASYPol Series 058

The LogFrame method is an instrument employed by analysts, planners and managers for: problem analysis, objective formulation, planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of selected, objective-oriented interventions that aim at a change of reality from a situation which is perceived as negative towards a positive situation. Because of its general logic, the LogFrame method can be applied to any type of objective oriented tasks, irrespective of the nature, level of aggregation or complexity of the problem to be solved. Though originally developed as a method for project planning and management, the method and its methodological principles can analogously be applied to analysis, planning and management of programmes and [...]

Tool

2005

Monitoring Policy Impacts (MPI). Setting up and organizing MPI. EASYPol Series 059

Once a decision is taken to establish an MPI system, this module puts forward the aspects to be considered in organizing such a system and discusses possible institutional/organizational set ups. The following four organizational options are distinguished: Setting up an MPI capacity at central government level, but not directly affiliated to a line ministry; as a special unit in a line ministry (e.g. Ministry of Agriculture); as a separate project-type unit; as an external institution (research institute, NGO, consulting firm). Each of these options has special advantages and disadvantages. Which of the options is selected depends on the policy to be monitored, on the expectations from [...]