SMALL RUMINANT POPULATION (goat-sheep): 550.000 - 450.000

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION FIRST/LAST OUTBREAK: Despite the occurrence of PPR in East Africa, Djibouti has never reported the disease. However study published in December 2018 shown a widespread occurrence of PPR virus antibodies in small ruminants in Djibouti with low prevalence.

CONTROL ACTIVITIES: Currently there is no vaccination. Controls at import/export are in place and applied to any flock.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: Small ruminant account for more than 80 percent of the livestock population and play significant economic and social role.

SMALL RUMINANT POPULATION (goat-sheep): 1.810.405 - 2.405.631 (data from FAOSTAT 2016)

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION FIRST/LAST OUTBREAK: PPR was first observed in Tsorona in 1993. Later its presence was confirmed during a second outbreak in the same area in 1994. Since then PPR is consider endemic.

CONTROL ACTIVITIES: PPR vaccination campaign runs every year and ring vaccinations are used for each outbreak. In 2014 a total of 500.000 small ruminants were vaccinated against PPRV in endemic villages but many small ruminants remained unvaccinated due to shortage of vaccine (Self-assessment: Stage 1-2)

SMALL RUMINANT POPULATION (goat-sheep): 29.700.000 - 28.900.000

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION FIRST/LAST OUTBREAK: PPR was first suspected in Ethiopia in 1977 following clinical observations consistent with infection with PPR and was later diagnosed as the causative agent of disease in goats in the country in 1991.

CONTROL ACTIVITIES: Ethiopia has been implementing PPR vaccination, in response to outbreaks, in different part of the country for the past 10 years. Currently implementation of control activities through focused vaccination, in targeted geographical areas. (Self-assessment: Stage 2 while some of activities of stage 1 are remaining behind).

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: Ethiopia has one of the largest livestock inventories in Africa providing support for the livelihoods of an estimated 80 percent of the rural poor. Animal rearing is an integral part of agricultural production. The livestock sub-sector contributes some 45 per cent of agricultural GDP, 19-20 per cent of national GDP, and 19-20 per cent of total exports. About 85-90% of mixed crop-livestock farmers and 21.6 million agro-pastoralists and pastoralists depend on livestock as a major economic activity for their livelihoods.

SMALL RUMINANT POPULATION (goat-sheep): 11.692.227 - 11.771.916 (data from FAOSTAT 2016)

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION FIRST/LAST OUTBREAK: First occurrence of PPR reported in 2006. Sero-surveys conducted between 2006 and 2009 revealed sero-prevalence of 6.5 percent in North-Western Somalia, 28.7 percent in North-Eastern Somalia, 32.6 percent in Central Somalia and 37.6 percent in Southern Somalia.

CONTROL ACTIVITIES: Ad hoc vaccinations characterized by low vaccination coverage and poor coordination among the actors were conducted up to 2011. In 2012, FAO, in collaboration with the Livestock Professional Associations and ministries responsible for livestock, conducted county-wide PPR vaccination campaigns covering the five zones of Somalia namely; Banadir, Central, North-Eastern, North-Western and Southern. Approximately 20 million sheep and goats constituting 60% of the estimated Somalia national small ruminant population were targeted for vaccination in entire Somalia. From the 20,000 sera collected, antibodies were detected in 76% of these samples.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: Somalia has a large small ruminant population associated with high reproductive rate, high population turnover rate and massive cross border movements between Somalia, Ethiopia and Kenya.

SMALL RUMINANT POPULATION (goat-sheep): 31.290.000 - 39.846.000

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION FIRST/LAST OUTBREAK: First outbreak reported and confirmed in 1971, PPR has lately spread all over the country with several number of outbreaks every year.

CONTROL ACTIVITIES: Vaccination campaigns are carried out every year. According to their self-assessment, the country is at stage 2.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: Small ruminant farming contributes significantly to the national economy through live animal export, are a great source of income for households keepers providing milk, meat, cash and manure.