SMALL RUMINANT POPULATION (goat-sheep): 3.000.000 - 500.000

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION FIRST/LAST OUTBREAK: Botswana has an official PPR-free status.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: 80% of small ruminant livestock, of which 70% goats, are hold by traditional farmers. Of those women own more goats compare to male counterparts. Since most livestock farmers live in the communal lands most of the goats are found in these areas. Most farms own between 1 and 30 goats. Goats are mainly used or milk and meat, Both sheep and goats are slaughtered for weddings, funerals and other traditional weddings.

SMALL RUMINANT POPULATION (goat-sheep): 7.348.361 - 286.974

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION FIRST/LAST OUTBREAK: No clinical signs of PPRV have been reported in the country so far, however due to an outbreak happened in Tanzania, just 120 km from Malawi border, the country is considered at high risk. Based on available risk-analysis data the country is been divided in 3 different region: high, medium and low risk. High risk areas are: northern region district of Karonga, Chitipa, Nkhatabay, Likoma and Rumphi; medium risk areas are: central region district of Salima and Dedza and Mangochi in the south.

CONTROL ACTIVITIES: So far Malawi has not reported any clinical case of PPR but comprehensive emergency preparedness and contingency plan along with periodic active surveillance are fundamental to ensure country free-status.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: Small ruminants rearing is a main source of livelihood for many poor households and goat meat is the most common source of animal protein for both rural and urban household. Goats and sheep production is predominantly through communal grazing and watering system therefore allowing different flocks from different location mixing hence posing a major risk of disease transmission and spread.

SMALL RUMINANT POPULATION (goat-sheep): 3.215.023 - 134.234 (data from FAOSTAT 2016)

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION FIRST/LAST OUTBREAK: No clinical or laboratory evidences of PPR in the country.

CONTROL ACTIVITIES: Vaccination is prohibited. A National Surveillance Programme is in place. National PPR strategy is not been officially endorsed yet. Serological surveillance has been carried out in 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and all results for Ag detection were negative.

SMALL RUMINANT POPULATION (goat-sheep): 1.868.149 - 1.973.393

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION FIRST/LAST OUTBREAK: Southern VCF (veterinary cordon fence) is been recognized PPR-free status from OIE. NCA (norther communal area) is been targeted for an intensive surveillance. A PPR sero-survey was conducted in 2014 in Northern Communal Areas (NCA). All tested samples (338) were negative.

SMALL RUMINANT POPULATION (goat-sheep): 3.100.000 - 103.310

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION FIRST/LAST OUTBREAK: PPR never reported.

CONTROL ACTIVITIES: No vaccination programme has ever been implemented in Zambia. In May 2015 a sero-surveillance has been undertake to identify PPR high-risk districts from 5 provinces. A total of 1317 samples were collected. 8 areas resulted positive. Despite positive results there haven’t been clinical case of PPR reported so far from the country. Additional laboratory screening have not detected any ABs against PPR in animals tested in the same area previously found seropositive.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: Small ruminant production is a key component of rural livelihood and plays an important role in socio-economic development. The majority of small ruminant are kept from small scale farmers. Their production has steadily increased playing an important role in socio-economic development contributing to household food and nutritional security.