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Book (stand-alone)Stakeholder mapping and capacity needs assessment, Ethiopia
WaPOR technical report: capacity development series
2018Also available in:
No results found.Given the scarcity of land and water resources, global strategies to increase food production should focus efforts on increasing production per unit resources, i.e. the combined increase of production per unit land surface (yield expressed in kg/ha1) and the increase of production per unit water used (water productivity expressed in kg/m³). Closing land and water productivity gaps is a complex task which requires: (i) monitoring of current levels of productivity in various crop production systems; (ii) assessment of observed productivity relative to potential; (iii) identification and analysis of the underlying causes of the productivity gaps; and (iv) evaluation of options and identification of viable solutions to close the productivity gaps in the local context. To support these processes, this project is applying analysis of high resolution satellite images in conjunction with specific algorithms to determine spatial and temporal variability of agricultural water and land productivity. Through the project activities, a validated remote sensing based methodological framework is being created to assess and monitor land and, more specifically, water productivity. The provision of near real time information through an open access data portal (WaPOR https://wapor.apps.fao.org) will enable a range of service-providers to assist farmers attain more reliable yields and to improve their livelihoods; irrigation operators will have access to new information to assess the performance of systems and to identify where to focus investments to modernize the irrigation schemes; and government agencies will be able to use the information to monitor and promote the efficient use of natural resources. In Ethiopia, the capacity development activities will build on ongoing and past work undertaken by IWMI. Stakeholder analysis, needs assessment, and capacity building will take place with relevant national partners, and actual piloting of solutions and capacity building will take place in the Koga reservoir in combined rain-fed and irrigated systems. The objective is to identify and implement locally appropriate solutions to build capacity to improve water productivity at the scheme level, which can be tested in Ethiopia and out-scaled to the other project locations. -
Book (stand-alone)Building resilience to climate change-related and other disasters in Ethiopia
Challenges, lessons and the way forward
2022Also available in:
No results found.Ethiopia is exposed to a wide range of disasters associated with the country’s extensive dependence on rainfed subsistence agriculture, climate change, resource degradation, diverse geoclimatic and socio-economic conditions and conflicts. Drought and floods are the major challenges, but a number of other threats affect communities and livelihoods. These include conflict, desert locust, fall armyworm, frost and hail, crop pests and diseases, livestock diseases, human diseases, landslides, earthquakes, and urban and forest fires. Every source of evidence suggests that Ethiopia would feel the human and economic impacts of climate change intensely, and the impacts will only continue to grow if the country continues a business-as-usual approach to crisis response, and will not be able to manage the increasing scale of the challenges. Thus, there is call by all stakeholders for a paradigm shift in the way the country deals with communities at risk, in order to take preventive actions to reduce exposure, vulnerability and impact at local level. This requires moving away from a reactive system that solely focuses on drought and supply of life-saving humanitarian relief and emergency responses during disasters to a comprehensive proactive disaster and climate risk management approach, including climate change adaptation, among which are interventions to enhance livelihood diversification, social protection programmes and risk transfer mechanisms. Furthermore, resilient agrifood systems support should include a range of proven interventions that are context-relevant and cover the whole agrifood system, such as increase in fertilizer use where appropriate and high-yielding and drought-tolerant seeds, strengthened extension and advisory systems at the kebele (local) level through the use of farmer field schools and pastoral field schools, expansion of access to credit, livelihood diversification, risk transfer mechanism and institutional development that link short-term emergency relief to long-term development pathways. This approach is essential for building resilience to natural hazard and human-induced disasters resulting in food insecurity challenges. Much progress has been made in the last 50 years in the way of managing mainly drought disaster risks. Large-scale prevention and mitigation programmes have been designed, incorporating a focus on vulnerabilities, household asset-building, and public works for environmental rehabilitation and generation of livelihoods. Preparedness has been enhanced by the development of various policies and strategic documents for assessment and intervention, early warning and response systems, and economic, social and physical infrastructure to strengthen the local economy and household livelihoods. An attempt has also been made for humanitarian response to count on an established risk-financing. -
DocumentEconomics of plant genetic resource management for adaptation to climate change
A review of selected literature
2012Also available in:
No results found.Climate change is projected to change production conditions for agricultural producers globally. In the developing world, most of the projected changes will result in a reduction of agricultural productivity, with concomitant reductions in food security. Because agricultural production remains the main source of income for most rural communities, adaptation of the agricultural sector to the adverse effects of climate change will be imperative to protect and improve the livelihoods of the poor a nd to ensure food security. Adaptation will require farmers to make adjustments and employ a range of actions to enhance the resilience of local food systems that increase their net revenue by reducing the potential damage from climate change. Their capacity to make the required adjustments depends on the existence of policies and investments to support farmers’ access to materials and information, as well as to provide the proper economic incentives to stimulate changes. Responding to a changin g climate will also require changes in PGRFA management to address both immediate and slow onset changes. There are a range of adaptation options involving changes in PGRFA management, including changing crops, varieties and farming practices. These options are not mutually exclusive, and in fact are most often used on combinations (e.g. changing farming practices also involves changes in crops and varieties). Based on a wide range of literature review and our own empirical analysis, this paper argue that an enabling condition for PGRFA management for adaptation is the broadening of the genetic resource base farmers can access to enable them to change crops, varieties and farming systems to meet changing climate conditions.
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