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Impact of COVID-19 on informal workers











​FAO. 2020. Impact of COVID-19 on informal workers. Rome.




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    Brochure, flyer, fact-sheet
    Protecting agricultural workers through remote COVID-19 awareness campaigns in Pakistan
    Using digital media and distanced messaging to promote virus mitigation and combat misinformation
    2020
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    The continuing COVID-19 pandemic—and related lockdowns—triggered a massive cash crisis around the world for families who depend on informal earnings, including daily wage workers. In Pakistan, a nationwide lockdown was imposed on 21 March 2020. This had major reverberations on the food supply chain and agriculture sector, where restrictive measures threatened the livelihoods of workers and smallholder farmers. In total, as of 12 July 2020, there were 248 872 confirmed cases throughout Pakistan. Lockdown-related challenges have created new threats to public health, with communities struggling to adhere to restrictions while still securing food for their families. Overall, society’s most vulnerable and food insecure segments have been disproportionately affected by the immediate impacts of lockdown measures, which include sudden unemployment, food price shocks, disruptions in marketing and food trade, logistics and production, and upended labor migration patterns. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in Pakistan, together with partners, delivered both physical and remote sensitization messages: field-based resources—including close to 80 000 materials printed and distributed by over 300 000 frontline workers—were complemented with remote communication technologies, ranging from social media posts, local radio broadcasts, and newly modified online components to the Farmer Field School (FFS) platform.
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    Information and tools for young agricultural workers during COVID-19 crisis 2020
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    The COVID-19 pandemic is a global crisis which is already affecting the food and agriculture sector. Countries with existing humanitarian crises are particularly exposed to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Support to ensure sustainable agriculture production and maintaining the critical supply chain linkages are extremely important during this crisis and in the context of associated lockdown measures implemented by countries. FAO is playing a key role in assessing and responding to the impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on people’s lives and livelihoods, global food trade, markets, food supply chains and livestock. To mitigate the pandemic’s impacts on food and agriculture, FAO urges countries to meet the immediate food needs of their vulnerable populations, boost their social protection programmes, keep global food trade going, keep the domestic supply chain gears moving, and support smallholder farmers’ ability to increase food production. There are multiple challenges that need immediate attention to safeguard the livelihoods of the smallholders. Some of these challenges include maintaining the linkages with input suppliers, access to markets, provision of knowledge on innovative technologies and practices, and above all maintaining the employment opportunities for rural agricultural workers and youth. Addressing these challenges requires tools, methods and training resources that young agricultural development professionals and rural youth as the critical agents can apply to facilitate the use of innovative solutions and practices by farmers to be able to face these challenges posed. This brief offers a package of tools, training materials and best practices that are immediately available to support youth in responding to the challenges of the pandemic from a food and agriculture point of view.
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    The role of social protection in the recovery from COVID-19 impacts in fisheries and aquaculture 2021
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    Food systems were severely hit by COVID-19 and the related restrictions to the movement of people and goods. In fisheries and aquaculture, the socio-economic effects of COVID-19 are manifold including changes in consumer demand, limited storage facilities, drop in fresh fish prices and stopping fishing operations. Many individuals working in the sector operate in the informal market with no coverage from labour market policies – not registered in mandatory social security, paid less than the legal minimum wage, without a written contract, or self-employed. These individuals include small-scale fishers, migrant, fish workers, ethnic minorities, crew members, harvesters, gleaners and vendors – especially women (FAO, 2020a; 2020b), who were the most affected by the pandemic. Social protection (SP) has been a key response that governments took to alleviate the socio-economic impacts of COVID-19 restrictions for fishery-dependent communities (FAO, 2020c). Countries with strong social protection systems in place were the most flexible to respond rapidly by adapting social protection programmes to the impact of COVID-19. Countries with weak social protection systems were less able to tailor programmes to attend the sector which is characterized by high informality. Several people who lost their employment were also left without any access to income support. The main type of social protection measures governments took to alleviate income losses in fisheries and aquaculture was temporary cash and in-kind transfers. The second most used type of programme was input subsidies.

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