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Understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food security in Africa











​FAO. 2020. Understanding the Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food security in Africa. Rome.



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    Togo | Humanitarian response (May–December 2020)
    Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
    2020
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    Following the first confirmed COVID-19 cases in Togo in March 2020, the Government put in place a series of urgent and essential containment measures, to slow the spread of the virus, such as the closure of all land borders. In mid-June, the Government started easing these measures, including the lifting of the curfew, and reopening cities and schools. In June 2020, the impact of containment measures on market functionality and food availability was limited, and most agropastoral markets remained accessible. While the COVID-19 pandemic has had relatively limited effects on crop production, market prices and food availability, the livestock sector, labour market and incomes have been more significantly affected by the essential health-related containment measures and subsequent economic slowdown. In the framework of FAO’s Corporate COVID-19 Response and Recovery Programme and the United Nations Global Humanitarian Response Plan for COVID-19, FAO has revised its humanitarian response for 2020 to mitigate the effects of the pandemic and address the needs of the most vulnerable households.
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    Gendered impacts of COVID-19 and equitable policy responses in agriculture, food security and nutrition 2020
    As the COVID-19 pandemic unfolds, many countries are adopting measures to control the spread of the virus. While the health aspects of the pandemic have not affected rural areas as much as urban centres, containment measures pose new challenges to rural women with regards to their roles in household food security, as agricultural producers, farm managers, processors, traders, wage workers and entrepreneurs. Past experience shows that rural women are disproportionally affected by health and economic crises in a number of ways, including but not limited to food security and nutrition, time poverty, access to health facilities, services and economic opportunities, and gender-based violence (GBV). Further, COVID-19 is increasing women’s work burden due to school closures and the additional care needs of sick household members. This brief compiles evidence from current and previous epidemics to explore the socio-economic implications of the impact of the pandemic on food systems and rural economies, and how a gender-sensitive approach can help address key policy issues related to the functioning of food and agricultural systems and the special circumstances of rural women. It also provides concrete policy recommendations to mitigate the impacts of the pandemic on rural women and girls.
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    Social protection: effective and inclusive response and recovery in the context of COVID-19 in Africa 2020
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    COVID-19 poses significant challenges to an already strained rural context in Africa. The growing direct impact of COVID-19 is affecting health, in terms of morbidity and mortality, as well as quickly overburdening health care services with negative repercussions for non-COVID related health problems. But even before COVID-19 had spread in Africa, the socio economic impact was felt. The sharp decline in demand and production from the most economically developed countries where contagion had initially hit hardest – China, European Union and the United States of America – has caused a global recession, with direct repercussions in Africa. With the spread of the virus across the continent, containment measures including social distancing, closing of schools, the prohibition of gatherings, closure or limitations on non-essential businesses and economic activities, and border closures may have devastating consequences. These impacts further exacerbate a situation of increasing rates of hunger and poverty, as well as challenges affecting rural areas, including the desert locust outbreak, fall army warm impacts, early droughts, conflict and insecurity. The disruption of traditional transhumance patterns and the creation of new ones may lead to tensions and local displacement, and increased levels of poverty and food insecurity. Despite these challenges, the region has also made important progress in terms of prioritizing social protection as a core component of poverty reduction and rural development strategies, including in the context of the Malabo Declaration and Agenda 2063. This is a critical moment to scale up these efforts to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic, and support longer-term recovery for vulnerable populations.

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