FAO’s work on migration
15/12/2021
Migration brings both challenges and opportunities for food security, sustainable agriculture and rural development.
International Migrants Day 2021 has been an opportunity to explore policy options that address the adverse drivers of migration and incorporate migration issues in agriculture and rural development strategies.
FAO migration framework. Migration as a choice and an opportunity for rural development
The Framework serves as a guide for the Organization’s work on migration at global, regional and country level. The In Brief version is available here.
The State of Food and Agriculture 2018. Migration, agriculture and rural development
This publication focuses on migration in its different forms and highlights how – despite the challenges they may present – migration flows are crucial to economic, social and human development.
Migrant workers and the COVID-19 pandemic (policy brief)
This policy brief reviews the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on migrants working in agri-food systems and their families in rural areas of origin. According to the brief, measures affecting the movement of people (internally and internationally) and resulting labour shortages, will have an impact on agricultural value chains, affecting food availability and market prices globally.
Social protection and migration
The relationship between social protection, migration, and rural development is critical to the FAO mandate to end hunger for all. In its capacity as an organization working across emergency and development contexts, FAO is well positioned to promote the synergies that exist at the intersection of social protection and migration in rural contexts.
Rural migration in sub-Saharan Africa – Patterns, drivers and relation to structural transformation
In recent years, rural migration within sub-Saharan Africa has increased, generating serious socioeconomic and environmental challenges. This paper explores these challenges by looking at the new drivers of migration in the region.
Rural Africa in motion: Dynamics and drivers of migration south of the Sahara
Focusing on a region particularly exposed to migration, this atlas includes maps and infographics showing rural migrants’ profiles, migration drivers and patterns, remittance flows and much more.
Further reading
- Reverse migration to rural areas of origin in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
- Toolkit for Integrating Migration into Rural Development Interventions
- Seasonal migration in Europe and Central Asia in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
- Migrant workers and remittances in the context of COVID-19 in sub-Saharan Africa
- Seasonal Migration and Child Labour in Agriculture
- Characteristics, patterns and drivers of rural migration in Senegal
- Towards durable solutions: FAO programming in forced displacement contexts
- Rural migration in the Near East and North Africa – Regional trends
- Promoting alternatives to migration for rural youth in Tunisia and Ethiopia
- Rural migration in Tunisia drivers and patterns of rural youth migration and its impact on food security and rural livelihoods in Tunisia
- Water stress and human migration: A global, georeferenced review of empirical research
- The linkages between migration, agriculture, food security and rural development
- Migration, agriculture and rural development
- Migration, agriculture and climate change
- Addressing rural youth migration at its root causes: A conceptual framework
- Strengthening sector policies for better food security and nutrition results – rural migration
Forthcoming
- Global lessons learned on supporting reintegration of return migrants in rural areas
- Toolkit for supporting reintegration of return migrants in rural areas
Additional resources
Websites
- FAO and migration
- FAO decent rural employment website
- Decent Rural Employment toolbox – migration module
- Forced displacement
- Policy support and governance gateway
News articles
- What water means for one farmer, once a migrant now a returnee, in Kenya
- Tapping into diaspora and migrant communities to promote rural development
- Pig stalls instead of city lights?
- Questions and Answers on Migration (FAO Migration Framework)
- Questions and Answers on Migration #2 (COVID-19)
E-learning courses
Videos
- Agribusiness as a sustainable tool to mitigate rural-urban migration of youth in Kenya,
- Working with diaspora to boost employment opportunities in agri-food systems in Uganda
- Rural poverty reduction through job creation in small ruminant value chains in Ethiopian highlands
- FAO-Procasur route d’apprentissage sous-régionale au Cameroun : L’emploi des jeunes et la migration