Methods and Standards

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In response to a growing demand for high-quality and internationally-comparable statistics, FAO develops, implements and promotes methods and standards to guide national data producers in generating and using sound statistics. In particular, the Organization is committed to provide national statistical systems with internationally recognized definitions, concepts and classifications as well as methodological guidance for the production of high quality statistics related to food and agriculture.

This interface allows you to search for statistical classifications, guidelines and handbooks, technical reports, working papers and methodological documents, and capacity development resources. You can search by SUBJECT (general, agriculture, forestry, fishery and aquaculture, and natural resources) or use the ADVANCED SEARCH to search by keyword, country, language and lead authoring unit/office. Comments, suggestions and inquiries can be addressed to: [email protected].

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You can access here all the statistical guidelines and handbooks, technical reports, working papers and methodological documents, and capacity development resources.

Type a keyword in the free text search box or refine your search by keyword, country, language and lead authoring unit/office. 

Comments, suggestions and inquiries can be addressed to: [email protected].

Global and regional food availability from 2000 to 2017 – An analysis based on Supply Utilization Accounts data

Abstract: One of the main pillars of food security is food supply, which refers to the availability of sufficient quantities of food of appropriate quality, supplied through domestic production or imports. In this paper, we use quantities of commercialized foods from the Supply and Utilization Accounts (SUA) compiled by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) to analyze trends in food available for consumption based on by region and country income level group. Results show that, in general, food groups available for consumption differ across income-level country groups. There are nonetheless evident regional trends. Low-income and lower-middle-income countries have a high reliance on staple foods, and only upper-middle-income countries and Asia have enough fruits and vegetables available to meet the FAO/World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation of consuming a minimum of 400 grams per day. In addition, the availability of animal-source foods, as well as sugars and fats, overall is highest in high-income countries, but it is increasing fast in upper-middle-income countries. This document is part of FAO Statistics Working Paper Series.

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

Guidelines for the compilation of food balance sheets

Abstract: These Guidelines for the compilation of Food Balance Sheets have been developed under the Global Strategy to improve Agricultural and Rural Statistics (GSARS), with the intention to provide countries with a user-friendly handbook that can aid in the construction of country-level Food Balance Sheets (FBS) as a tool for policy analysis.

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

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Basic training on agricultural statistics (Module 4/4) - Analytical frameworks and derived statistics

Abstract: Prepared by the Global Strategy to improve agricultural and rural statistics, this training material aims to provide basic knowledge and skills in agricultural statistics to data producers, in particular to statisticians with no or limited background in agriculture statistics, and to economists or agronomists with some basic knowledge in statistics. The following topics will be covered: Economic accounts for agriculture and environmental-economic accounts (subnational and national level); Costs of production statistics; Post-harvest losses: types of post-harvest losses; methods of estimating post-harvest losses; loss estimation and magnitude; factors influencing post-harvest losses; impacts of post-harvest losses. Agricultural producer prices and price indexes (monthly and annual); Food security and food balance sheets.

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

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Training course on food balance sheets - Users' guide

Abstract: Prepared by the Global Strategy to improve agricultural and rural statistics, this training material on the revised Food Balance Sheet (FBS) methodology targets managers and technical staff of national statistical offices, ministries of agriculture and other institutions (in particular, those dealing with food safety issues) in charge of or involved in the compilation of supply and use tables and FBS. The training material can also be used to train trainers and experts involved in the delivery of capacity-building activities on the compilation of SUA and FBS using the revised methodology and newly developed tool and to introduce the concept and methodology of FBS to students of agricultural statistics and statisticians/data analysts not specialized in agricultural or food security statistics.

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

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Training course on food balance sheets - Introduction

Abstract: Prepared by the Global Strategy to improve agricultural and rural statistics, this training material on the revised Food Balance Sheet (FBS) methodology targets managers and technical staff of national statistical offices, ministries of agriculture and other institutions (in particular, those dealing with food safety issues) in charge of or involved in the compilation of supply and use tables and FBS. At the end of this session, the audience will: a) Know the historical background of the FBS framework; b) Understand the basic SUA/FBS equation; c) Be informed about some of the potential uses of FBS; d) Be aware of the major caution on FBS interpretation and of the fundamental principles of FBS construction.  

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

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Training course on food balance sheets - Methodological principles for the construction of country-level FBS

Abstract: Prepared by the Global Strategy to improve agricultural and rural statistics, this training material on the revised Food Balance Sheet (FBS) methodology targets managers and technical staff of national statistical offices, ministries of agriculture and other institutions (in particular, those dealing with food safety issues) in charge of or involved in the compilation of supply and use tables and FBS. At the end of this session, the audience will: a) Know all the relevant concepts involved in compiling FBS; b) Be able to understand the difference between supply utilization accounts (SUA) and Food Balance Sheets (FBS); c) Understand how commodity trees link SUA back to the primary commodity equivalent-level FBS; d) Know the recommended balancing mechanism and their alternatives. Outline of this module: 1. Basic identity and approach; 2. Definitions of FBS components; 3. Additional variables; 4. Supply Utilization Accounts (SUAs) and link with FBS; 5. Balancing mechanisms.

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

Training course on food balance sheets - Involvement of FAO Statistics Division (ESS) in the Food Security and SDGs Framework

Abstract: Prepared by the Global Strategy to improve agricultural and rural statistics, this training material on the revised Food Balance Sheet (FBS) methodology targets managers and technical staff of national statistical offices, ministries of agriculture and other institutions (in particular, those dealing with food safety issues) in charge of or involved in the compilation of supply and use tables and FBS. At the end of this session, the audience will: a) Know all the relevant concepts involved in compiling FBS; b) Be able to understand the difference between supply utilization accounts (SUA) and Food Balance Sheets (FBS); c) Understand how commodity trees link SUA back to the primary commodity equivalent-level FBS; d) Know the recommended balancing mechanism and their alternatives. Outline of the session: 1.Overall view of the SUA/FBS; 2.Contribution to SDGs; 3.The FBS as a snapshot tool beyond just the food component.  

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

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Training course on food balance sheets - Food balance sheets and household surveys

Abstract: Prepared by the Global Strategy to improve agricultural and rural statistics, this training material on the revised Food Balance Sheet (FBS) methodology targets managers and technical staff of national statistical offices, ministries of agriculture and other institutions (in particular, those dealing with food safety issues) in charge of or involved in the compilation of supply and use tables and FBS. At the end of this session, the audience will: a) Know what FBS and HH surveys are; b) Understandi the differences between FBS and HH surveys; c) Know how FBS and HH surveys can complement each others. Outline of this module: 1. FBS and HH surveys: main differences; 2. Annual production questionnaire example; 3. Household survey example.

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

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Training course on food balance sheets - FBS component: additional parameters

Abstract: Prepared by the Global Strategy to improve agricultural and rural statistics, this training material on the revised Food Balance Sheet (FBS) methodology targets managers and technical staff of national statistical offices, ministries of agriculture and other institutions (in particular, those dealing with food safety issues) in charge of or involved in the compilation of supply and use tables and FBS. At the end of this session, the participants will know: a) What additional parameters are; b) What’s the rationale behind the best option among different sources; c) What FAO recommendations are; and d) International recognized standards. Outline of this module: 1. Population Estimates; 2. Nutrient Estimates; 3. Extraction Rates; 4. Processing shares.

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

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Training course on food balance sheets - FBS component: residual or other uses

Abstract: Prepared by the Global Strategy to improve agricultural and rural statistics, this training material on the revised Food Balance Sheet (FBS) methodology targets managers and technical staff of national statistical offices, ministries of agriculture and other institutions (in particular, those dealing with food safety issues) in charge of or involved in the compilation of supply and use tables and FBS. The training material can also be used to train trainers and experts involved in the delivery of capacity-building activities on the compilation of SUA and FBS using the revised methodology and newly developed tool and to introduce the concept and methodology of FBS to students of agricultural statistics and statisticians/data analysts not specialized in agricultural or food security statistics. Outline of this module: Residuals or other uses - definition, purpose and use.  

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

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