Methods and Standards

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In response to a growing demand for high-quality and internationally-comparable statistics, FAO develops, implements and promotes methods and standards to guide national data producers in generating and using sound statistics. In particular, the Organization is committed to provide national statistical systems with internationally recognized definitions, concepts and classifications as well as methodological guidance for the production of high quality statistics related to food and agriculture.

This interface allows you to search for statistical classifications, guidelines and handbooks, technical reports, working papers and methodological documents, and capacity development resources. You can search by SUBJECT (general, agriculture, forestry, fishery and aquaculture, and natural resources) or use the ADVANCED SEARCH to search by keyword, country, language and lead authoring unit/office. Comments, suggestions and inquiries can be addressed to: [email protected].

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You can access here all the statistical guidelines and handbooks, technical reports, working papers and methodological documents, and capacity development resources.

Type a keyword in the free text search box or refine your search by keyword, country, language and lead authoring unit/office. 

Comments, suggestions and inquiries can be addressed to: [email protected].

Webinar | AQUASTAT: Accounting water for the SDG 6.4 indicators

Abstract: This webinar presents the AQUASTAT Programme, the data available and the updated methodology. The annual questionnaire on water and agriculture is also detailed as part of the data collection through the recently established AQUASTAT National Correspondents network. The webinar was recorded as part of a series on Water Accounting organized by the FAO Near East and North Africa Regional Office.

Lead authoring unit/office: Land and Water Division (NSL)

E-learning course | SDG Indicator 14.4.1 – Fish stocks sustainability

Abstract: This course focuses on SDG Indicator 14.4.1 - Fish stocks sustainability: “Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels”. It introduces basic fisheries concepts and definitions, illustrates some technical aspects of classical and data-limited stock assessment and provides detailed guidance on process and tools for the analysis and reporting of the Indicator.

Lead authoring unit/office: FAO

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Methodological note for SDG Indicator 2.4.1

Abstract: This document serves as a methodological note for SDG-indicator 2.4.1 "Proportion of agricultural area under productive and sustainable agriculture". (Last updated: November 2019).

Lead authoring unit/office: FAO

The new FAO global database on agriculture investment and capital stock

Abstract: This paper, which is part of FAO Statistics Working Paper Series, presents the new FAO analytical database on aggregate physical investment flows and capital stock in agriculture, forestry and fishing for 206 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015, the methodology used to deal with missing data, and the measurement issues underlying its development.

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

Methodology for computing and monitoring the Sustainable Development Goal indicators 2.3.1 and 2.3.2

Abstract: The purpose of this note, which is part of FAO Statistics Working Paper Series, is to inform on the statistical methodology for computing and monitoring target 2.3 and measure progress in SDG indicators 2.3.1 and 2.3.2 approved by the Inter-Agency and Expert Group on the Sustainable Development Goals.

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

Methodological proposal for monitoring SDG target 12.3.1 sub-Indicator 12.3.1.a. The food loss index design, data collection methods and challenges

Abstract: This paper, which is part of FAO Statistics Working Paper Series, delves into the rationale of the Food Loss Index, presenting the various elements of its methodology. It contains a set of definitional framework and scope of the index, it illustrates the rationale for estimating losses as the percentage of food quantities removed from the supply chain. The final section of the paper summarizes FAO’s approach to food loss data.

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

World Programme for the Census of Agriculture 2010. Main results and metadata by country (2006–2015)

Abstract: This publication, which is part of FAO Statistical Development Series, is a compendium of reviews of country agricultural censuses conducted during the WCA 2010 round (which covers the period 2006–2015) and their main results. Apart from providing information on historical background, legal, institutional frameworks and international collaboration, the publication also provides an overview of the census staff, reference and enumeration periods, scope and coverage, methodological modalities, frame, data collection methods, questionnaires used, new technology used, data processing and archiving, and census data quality and dissemination. Data sources and contact information is provided for each country. These concise two-page overviews of national censuses present a unique panorama of country practices on agricultural censuses to which national census agencies can refer when planning their censuses.

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

E-learning course | SDG Indicators 2.3.1 and 2.3.2 - Labour productivity and income of small-scale food producers

Abstract: This course has been developed to support countries in computing and monitoring Indicators 2.3.1 and 2.3.2 of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (Labour Productivity and Income of Small-scale Food Producers), and to facilitate the understanding of the main concepts underpinning the methodology.

Lead authoring unit/office: FAO

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E-learning course | SDG Indicator 6.4.1 - Change in water-use efficiency over time

Abstract: The course provides guidance on the rationale and the main characteristics of Indicator 6.4.1, and on how to compute the two dimensions constituting the indicator: the hydrologic and the economic component. It also highlights possible challenges related to data availability, and the impact that monitoring results may have on national decision-making and identification of development policies.

Lead authoring unit/office: FAO

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GEMI – Integrated monitoring initiative for SDG 6. Step-by-step monitoring methodology for SDG Indicator 6.4.1

Abstract: Through the UN-Water Integrated Monitoring Initiative for SDG 6 (IMI-SDG6), the United Nations seeks to support countries in monitoring water- and sanitation-related issues within the framework of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and in compiling country data to report on global progress towards SDG 6.  This document serves as a step-by-step monitoring methodology for SDG Indicator 6.4.1 "Change in water use efficiency over time". It explains how to monitor the change in water use efficiency over time, including definitions, computational steps, and recommendations on spatial and temporal resolutions. Last updated: July 2019.

Lead authoring unit/office: Land and Water Division (NSL)

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