Methods and Standards

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In response to a growing demand for high-quality and internationally-comparable statistics, FAO develops, implements and promotes methods and standards to guide national data producers in generating and using sound statistics. In particular, the Organization is committed to provide national statistical systems with internationally recognized definitions, concepts and classifications as well as methodological guidance for the production of high quality statistics related to food and agriculture.

This interface allows you to search for statistical classifications, guidelines and handbooks, technical reports, working papers and methodological documents, and capacity development resources. You can search by SUBJECT (general, agriculture, forestry, fishery and aquaculture, and natural resources) or use the ADVANCED SEARCH to search by keyword, country, language and lead authoring unit/office. Comments, suggestions and inquiries can be addressed to: [email protected].

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You can access here all the statistical guidelines and handbooks, technical reports, working papers and methodological documents, and capacity development resources.

Type a keyword in the free text search box or refine your search by keyword, country, language and lead authoring unit/office. 

Comments, suggestions and inquiries can be addressed to: [email protected].

Guidelines on the measurement of harvest and post-harvest losses. Estimating harvest and post-harvest losses in Zambia Meat and milk. Field test report

Abstract: This technical report provides findings of a field test conducted in identified districts / study area in Zambia on the basis of sampling methodology for estimation of harvest and post-harvest losses of animal products (meat and milk) developed by the team led by Dr. Tauqueer Ahmad, Head, Division of Sample Surveys, Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Institute of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR-IASRI), New Delhi, India. The Technical Report entitled “Findings from the field test conducted on estimating harvest and post-harvest losses in Zambia. Meat and milk” contains details of findings of the developed methodology implemented in Zambia including challenges encountered and lessons learnt. It is expected that this report will help the users from different countries in designing surveys for measurement of harvest and post-harvest losses of animal products (meat and milk).

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

Global and regional food availability from 2000 to 2017 – An analysis based on Supply Utilization Accounts data

Abstract: One of the main pillars of food security is food supply, which refers to the availability of sufficient quantities of food of appropriate quality, supplied through domestic production or imports. In this paper, we use quantities of commercialized foods from the Supply and Utilization Accounts (SUA) compiled by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) to analyze trends in food available for consumption based on by region and country income level group. Results show that, in general, food groups available for consumption differ across income-level country groups. There are nonetheless evident regional trends. Low-income and lower-middle-income countries have a high reliance on staple foods, and only upper-middle-income countries and Asia have enough fruits and vegetables available to meet the FAO/World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation of consuming a minimum of 400 grams per day. In addition, the availability of animal-source foods, as well as sugars and fats, overall is highest in high-income countries, but it is increasing fast in upper-middle-income countries. This document is part of FAO Statistics Working Paper Series.

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

E-learning course | Introduction to FAO's damage and loss assessment methodology

Abstract: In recent decades, the occurrence of climate- and weather-related disasters has increased, and globally, a vast number of agricultural livelihoods are compromised each year, with far-reaching effects on food security and ecosystems. This course is part of a series which aim to introduce the FAO Damage and Loss (D&L) methodology, developed by FAO to support countries to generate precise and holistic data for the agricultural sector. This can be used for national Disaster Risk Reduction/Management, resilience and to help monitor the achievement of global targets. (Released in: September 2020; 55 min of learning)

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

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FAO’s methodology for damage and loss assessment in agriculture

Abstract: This paper presents the FAO Damage and Loss Assessment Methodology as a framework for identifying, analyzing and evaluating the impact of disasters on agriculture, including crops, livestock, aquaculture, fisheries and forestry. Its potential is explored as a strategic tool for assembling and interpreting new or existing information to inform risk-related policy decision-making and planning. It is part of FAO Statistics Working Paper Series.

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

Methodological note on new estimates of the prevalence of undernourishment in China

Abstract: This paper presents new estimates of the extent of food consumption inequality in mainland China and discusses their implications for the estimated prevalence of undernourishment (PoU). The new food consumption inequality estimates are based on the joint analysis of food consumption and food expenditure data obtained from two separate household surveys, covering the period from 2011 to 2017. The results reveal much less inequality in dietary energy consumption than previously assumed and imply a substantial downward revision of the estimated series of the PoU for China, which becomes more in line with other assessments of food insecurity and with other development indicators. This document is part of FAO Statistics Working Paper Series. Revised 27 July 2020, minor edits made on p. 16

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

Virtual Training on SDG indicator 2.4.1. “Proportion of Agricultural Area under Productive and Sustainable Agriculture”

Abstract: The overall objective of this virtual training was to provide (government officials responsible for monitoring SDG indicator 2.4.1) capacity development on the methodology, data collection and analysis relevant to sustainable food and agriculture and how to asses data gaps starting from available national and subnational (farm-level) information and associated reporting processes through 3 half-days virtual trainings. 

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

Food-based dietary guidelines

Abstract: Food-based dietary guidelines (also known as dietary guidelines) are intended to establish a basis for public food and nutrition, health and agricultural policies and nutrition education programmes to foster healthy eating habits and lifestyles. They provide advice on foods, food groups and dietary patterns to provide the required nutrients to the general public to promote overall health and prevent chronic diseases.

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

E-learning course | SDG Indicator 2.4.1 - Sustainable agriculture

Abstract: This course has been developed to support countries in the analysis and reporting for Indicator 2.4.1 of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (Proportion of agricultural area under productive and sustainable agriculture), and to facilitate the understanding of the main concepts underpinning the methodology. Audience The course is primarily intended for those who play a role in data collection, analysis and reporting for SDG Indicator 2.4.1, including agronomists, statisticians, enumerators and data analysts, as well as policy makers and people with an interest in the process. You will learn about The concept of sustainable agriculture and the importance of SDG Indicator 2.4.1 The key features of the Indicator, with a focus on its 11 themes that span economic, social and environmental dimensions The use of the farm survey and alternative options for data collection The methodology for analyzing, computing and reporting this SDG Indicator Course structure  The course consists of 4 lessons, ranging from approximately 25 to 40 minutes duration each: Lesson 1 – Introduction to SDG Indicator 2.4.1 Lesson 2 – Key features of SDG Indicator 2.4.1 Lesson 3 – Collecting the data Lesson 4 – Analysing and reporting

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

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The new FAO global database on agriculture investment and capital stock

Abstract: This paper, which is part of FAO Statistics Working Paper Series, presents the new FAO analytical database on aggregate physical investment flows and capital stock in agriculture, forestry and fishing for 206 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015, the methodology used to deal with missing data, and the measurement issues underlying its development.

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

Methodology for computing and monitoring the Sustainable Development Goal indicators 2.3.1 and 2.3.2

Abstract: The purpose of this note, which is part of FAO Statistics Working Paper Series, is to inform on the statistical methodology for computing and monitoring target 2.3 and measure progress in SDG indicators 2.3.1 and 2.3.2 approved by the Inter-Agency and Expert Group on the Sustainable Development Goals.

Lead authoring unit/office: Statistics Division (ESS)

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