FAO at the Forum of the Countries of Latin America and the Caribbean on Sustainable Development 2025: Goal 14 – Life below water

Maya Takagi, FAO Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean, participated in the panel discussion on "Goal 14- Life below water" at the Forum of the Countries of Latin America and the Caribbean on Sustainable Development 2025.

Oceans and aquatic food systems are vital for food security, nutrition, livelihoods, and biodiversity, particularly in Latin America and the Caribbean, where approximately 85 million people depend on them. Despite their importance, the region records one of the lowest per capita consumptions of aquatic animal foods globally, highlighting a need for improved policies, investments, and innovation to enhance sustainable production and access.

Aquatic foods contribute significantly to healthy diets, supplying essential nutrients that improve health outcomes and reduce non-communicable diseases. Sustainable aquatic food systems present a long-term solution to global challenges including hunger, malnutrition, climate change, and environmental degradation.

However, the sustainability of marine resources remains under threat. Overfishing continues to rise globally, though some subregions show signs of recovery when effective fisheries management is applied. Achieving SDG Target 14.4 requires urgent action to restore fish stocks and ensure biological sustainability through science-based, ecosystem-driven management and regional cooperation.

Illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing and harmful subsidies undermine sustainability efforts. Strengthening implementation of the FAO Port State Measures Agreement and the WTO Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies is crucial, alongside improved monitoring, control, and enforcement systems.

Small-scale fisheries, despite their critical role in food security and livelihoods, often face unequal access to resources and decision-making. Implementing National Plans of Action and empowering small-scale and Indigenous fishers are key to inclusive blue growth.

Aquaculture, if developed sustainably following FAO guidelines, offers strong potential for economic development and job creation, particularly for women and youth. Promoting sustainable fish value chains, reducing loss and waste, and ensuring fair working conditions will support both environmental and social sustainability.

FAO’s Blue Transformation initiative offers a comprehensive framework to advance SDG 14 by aligning food security, poverty reduction, and environmental sustainability.