INS/81/008 culture trial results with seabass, grouper and rabbitfish
at the National Seafarming Development Centre in Teluk Hurun between
1984 and 1988
TRIAL No. | 1 |
SPECIES CULTURED: | Siganus javus/S. canaliculatus (SGD) |
| Lates calcarifer (SBS) |
| Epinephelus tauvina/E. malabaricus (GPR) |
AIM OF TRIAL: | General trial on the growth of rabbit fish, seabass and |
| grouper in floating net cages |
DIETARY TREATMENTS: | SGD | - | moist pellet A (3:1 mixture of broiler starter diet
and Eucheuma seaweed) |
| | - | moist pellet B (100% broiler starter diet) |
| SBS | - | frozen fish |
| GPR | - | frozen fish |
FEEDING REGIME: | All treatments and species fed at 10% of their body weight
per day; two feedings per day |
CAGE SIZE: | 1.5 × 1.5 × 3 m (6.75m3) for all species and treatments |
| SBS 1 | SBS 2 | SBS 3 |
Stocking density (fish/m3) | 13 | 17 | 21 |
Initial total fish biomass (kg) | 0.61 | 0.84 | 1.20 |
Initial fish body weight range (g)1 | 46.9 | 49.4 | 57.1 |
Initial fish body weight range (g) | 40–50 | 40–60 | 50–65 |
Initial fish body length range (cm) | 9.5–12 | 9.5–13.5 | 12–15.5 |
Final total fish biomass (kg) | 4.22 | 5.04 | 5.58 |
Final fish body weight (g)1 | 324.6 | 336.0 | 328.2 |
Final fish body weight range (g) | 252–465 | 218–450 | 167–364 |
Final fish body length range (cm) | 26–31.5 | 25–31.5 | 21–29.5 |
Total food fed (kg) | 33.87 | 43.42 | 48.87 |
Food conversion ratio | 9.4 | 10.3 | 11.2 |
Fish weight gain (g/fish/day) | 1.54 | 1.59 2 | 1.51
2 |
Fish survival (%, final) | 100.0 | 90.0 | 80.0 |
| SGD 1 | SGD 2 |
Stocking density (fish/cage) | 88 | 88 |
Stocking density (fish/m3) | 13 | 13 |
Initial total fish biomass (kg) | 1.92 | 2.28 |
Initial fish body weight (g) 1 | 21.8 | 25.9 |
Initial fish body weight range (g) | 50–100 | 60–120 |
Initial fish body length (cm) | 14–19 | 15–18.5 |
Final total fish biomass (kg) | 6.847 | 9.698 |
Final fish body weight range (g) 2 | 55–110 | 85–145 |
Final fish body length range (cm) | 16.3–20.5 | 18–21.5 |
Total food fed (kg) | 93.16 | 116.043 |
Food conversion ratio 3 | 18.9 | 15.6 |
Fish weight gain (g/fish/day) 4 | 0.37 | 0.56 |
Fish survival (%, final) | 40.0 | 80.0 |
| E. malab. 1 | E. malab. 2 | E. Tauvina |
Length of trial (days) | 150 | 150 | 150 |
Initial fish stocking density (fish/m3)1 | 9.03 | 6.22 | 4.15 |
Initial total fish biomass (kg) | 20.71 | 18.54 | 8.74 |
Initial fish body weight (g) 1 | 339.51 | 441.43 | 312.14 |
Initial fish body weight range (g) | 140–480 | 205–460 | 75–500 |
Initial fish body length range (cm) | 20.6–28.6 | 18.5–28.5 | 19.5–32.5 |
Final total fish biomass (kg) | 60.54 | 48.95 | 29.97 |
Final fish body weight (g) 1 | 992.46 | 1165.71 | 1070.36 |
Final fish body weight range (g) | 710–1300 | 700–1500 | 800–1600 |
Final fish body length range (cm) | 36–43.5 | 33–47 | 38–45 |
Total food fed (kg) | 294.74 | 269.82 | 150.73 |
Food conversion ratio | 7.4 | 8.9 | 7.0 |
Fish weight gain (g/fish/day) | 4.35 | 4.82 | 5.05 |
Fish survival (%, final) | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
SOURCE: | Anon (1989), Laporan Kegiatan Pelita IV, Balai Budidaya
Laut 1984–1989, Lampung, 75p
Chan, W.L., Murdjani, M., Widodo, S. and P. Hartono (1988),
The culture of seabass and the estuarine grouper in
floating netcage in Teluk Hurun, pp. 81–90. In Seafarming
Workshop Report, Bandar Lampung, 28 October - 1 November
1985 - Part II Technical Report, INS/81/008/GEN/2 June 1988 |
COMMENTS: | Good growth observed for all treatments |
| SBS 1 | SBS 2 | SBS 3 |
Length of trial (days) | 152 | 152 | 152 |
Initial fish stocking density (fish/m3) | 6.37 | 6.07 | 3.40 |
Initial fish stocking biomass (kg) | 10.53 | 10.67 | 10.03 |
Initial fish body weight (g) 1 | 244.88 | 260.24 | 436.09 |
Initial fish body weight range (g) | 180–320 | 195–400 | 310–600 |
Initial fish body length range (cm) | 23–29 | 23.8–30 | 29.5–36 |
Final total fish biomass (kg) | 38.74 | 35.98 | 25.18 |
Final fish body weight (g) | 900.93 | 877.56 | 1094.78 |
Final fish body length range (cm) | 32–42 | 33.4–44 | 41–48 |
Total food fed (kg) | 228.5 | 192.1 | 124.23 |
Food conversion ratio | 8.1 | 7.6 | 8.4 |
Fish weight gain (g/fish/day) | 4.31 | 4.05 | 4.33 |
Fish survival (%, final) | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
SOURCE: | Anon (1989), Laporan Kegiatan Pelita IV, Balai Budidaya
Laut 1984 – 1989, Lampung, 75p
Chan, W.L., Murdjani, M., Widodo, S. and P. Hartono (1988),
The culture of seabass and the estuarine grouper in
floating netcage in Teluk Hurun, pp. 81–90. In Seafarming
Workshop Report, Bandar Lampung, 28 October - 1 November
1985 - Part II Technical Report, INS/81/008/GEN/2 June 1988 |
COMMENTS: | Good growth observed for all treatments |
TRIAL No. | 6 |
SPECIES CULTURED: | Lates calcarifer |
AIM OF TRIAL: | Effect of moist pelleted feeds on the growth of seabass
in floating net cages |
DIETARY TREATMENTS: | Three dietary treatments were tested; |
| SBS | 1 | - | Frozen fish (control) |
| SBS | 2 | - | Frozen moist pellet A (Trash fish 46%, fish meal 24%,
soybean meal 14%, bone meal 4%, mussel meat 2%, fish oil 3%, seaweed binder 5%, vitamin premix 2%) |
| SBS | 3 | - | Frozen moist pellet B (Trash fish 20%, fish meal 35%,
soybean meal 25%, bone meal 4%, rice bran 4%, mussel meat 2%, fish oil 3%, seweed binder 5%, vitamin
premix 2%) |
FEEDING REGIME: | All treatments fed at 10% body weight/day; four feedings/day
at 0800, 1100, 1400 and 1700h |
CAGE SIZE: | 1 × 1 × 1 m (1m3) all treatments |
TRIAL No. | 7 |
SPECIES CULTURED: | Lates calcarifer (SBS) |
AIM OF TRIAL: | Effect of different dietary feeding regimes on the growth
of fingerling seabass in indoor experimental tanks |
DIETARY TREATMENTS: | Three dietary treatments were tested: |
| SBS | 1 | - | Frozen fish control (control) |
| SBS | 2 | - | Frozen moist pellet A (Trash fish 46%, fish meal 25%,
bone meal 4%, rice bran 4%, fish oil 3%, soybean meal 10%, vitamin premix 1%, mussel meat 2%, seaweed gum 5%) |
| SBS | 3 | - | Frozen moist pellet B (Trash fish 35%, fish meal 25%,
soybean meal 10%, bone meal 4%, rice bran 4%, fish oil 5%, vitamin premix 1%, mussel meat 1%, seaweed gum 5%) |
FEEDING REGIME: | All treatments fed at 20% body weight/day; two feedings/day |
TANK SIZE: | 60 litre containers |
RESULTS REPORTED: | |
| SBS 1 | SBS 2 | SBS 3 |
Length of feeding trial (days) | 30 | 30 | 30 |
Initial fish stocking density/tank | 18 | 18 | 18 |
Initial total fish biomass (g) | 5.652 | 5.652 | 5.652 |
Initial fish body weight (g) | 0.3014 | 0.3014 | 0.3014 |
Initial fish body length (mm) | 19.2 | 19.2 | 19.2 |
Final total fish biomass (g) | 6.559 | 3.053 | 1.319 |
Final fish body weight (g) | 0.6653 | 0.4710 | 0.3747 |
Final fish body length (mm) | 34.366 | 30.166 | 26.846 |
Total food fed (g) | 67.824 | 67.824 | 67.824 |
Food conversion ratio | 10 | 22 | 51 |
Fish body weight increase (g) | 0.3644 | 0.1696 | 0.0733 |
TRIAL No. | 8 |
SPECIES CULTURED: | Lates calcarifer (SBS) |
AIM OF TRIAL: | Effect of different dietary feeding regimes on the growth
of seabass in floating net cages |
DIETARY TREATMENTS: | Three dietary treatments were tested: |
| SBS | 1 | - | Frozen fish (Clupea sp. ‘Tanjan’, Control) |
| SBS | 2 | - | Frozen moist pellet A (Trash fish 46%, fish meal 25%,
soybean meal 14%, fish oil 3%, meat and bone meal 4%, mussel meat 2%, seaweed gum 5%, vitamin premix 1%;
proximate composition (dry matter basis) given as 55.93% protein, 10.77% fat, 15.78% ash, 2.17% carbohydrate
and 3.99% calcium; moisture content 45.31%) |
| SBS | 3 | - | Frozen moist pellet B (Trash fish 35%, fish meal 25%,
soybean meal 10%, 15% rice bran 15%, fish oil 5%, meat and bone meal 4%, seaweed gum 5%, vitamin premix 1%,
proximate composition (dry matter basis) siven as 39.26% protein, 11.55% fat, 16.75% ash, 2.72% carbohydrate
and 3.01% calcium; moisture content 42.76%) |
FEEDING REGIME: | All treatments fed to satiation four times daily at 0800, 1100,
1400 and 1700h |
STOCKING DENSITY: | 55/m3 for all treatments; three replicates/treatment |
Fish mortality: considerable mortality reported after one month for fish fed SBS 2 and 3;
after two months the disease signs included fin and scale loss, lower jaw edema, reddish
discolouration near caudal fin, and abnormal colouration. This mortality was believed
to have been due to the poultry vitamin premix used in the moist diet formulations which
would have been low in thiamine and pyridoxine, and deficient in vitamin C and inositol.
By contrast, fish fed the control trash fish diet displayed less than 5% mortality after
three months.
TRIAL No. | 9 |
SPECIES CULTURED: | Siganus canaliculatus (SGD) |
AIM OF TRIAL: | Effect of different dietary feeding regimes on the growth of
rabbit fish in floating net cages |
DIETARY TREATMENTS: | Three dietary treatments were tested: |
| SGD | 1 | - | Broiler starter diet (moist pelleted form; proximate
dry matter composition given as protein 18.62%, lipid 4.35%, ash 8.34%, calcium 1.30%, carbohydrate 38.55%,
and moisture content as 46.0%) |
| SGD | 2 | - | Moist pellet C (70% broiler starter diet, 15% fish meal,
8% rice bran, 5% seaweed gum; proximate diet composition on a dry matter basis given as protein 24.15%, lipid
6.86%, ash 13.41%, calcium 1%, carbohydrate 30.95%, and moisture content as 43.84%) |
| SGD | 3 | - | Moist pellet B (20% fish meal, 25% soybean meal, 27.5%
rice bran, 10% corn meal, 10% coconut meal, 5% seaweed gum, 2% fish oil, 0.5% vitamin premix; proximate diet
composition on a dry matter basis given as protein 30.52%, lipid 5.90%, ash 5.09%, calcium 1.48%, carbohydrate 10.31%
and moisture content as 46.96%) |
FEEDING REGIME: | All treatments fed at 10% body weight/day; four feedings/day
at 0800, 1100, 1400 and 1700h |
STOCKING DENSITY: | 150 fish/m3, three cages/dietary treatment, 1m3 cages |
TRIAL LENGTH: | 120 days |
TRIAL No. | 10 |
SPECIES CULTURED: | Siganus canaliculatus (SGD) |
AIM OF TRIAL: | Effect of stocking density on the growth of rabbit fish
in floating net cages |
DIETARY TREATMENT: | All fish and treatments fed a moist pelleted diet.
Formulation - fish meal 20%, soybean meal 25%, corn meal 10%, rice bran 27.5%, broiler starter meal 10%,
fish oil 2%, pfizer vitamin premix 0.5%, seaweed gum 5%; diet contains 25.4% protein. |
FEEDING REGIME: | All treatments fed at 15, 10 and 5% body weight/day
during the first, second and third month respectively; three feedings/day at 0800, 1100 and 1600h |
CAGE SIZE/REPLICATION: | Fish housed in 1m3 cages; three cages per fish stocking
density tested |
TRIAL LENGTH: | 3 months (90 days) |
SOURCE: Mr. M. Kadari (unpublished data)
COMMENTS: No apparent effect of stocking density on growth.