FOREIGN COMMON CARP STRAINS

19. AMUR WILD CARP
20. CZECH SCALY CARP
21. CZECH MIRROR CARP
22. FRESINET SCALY CARP
23. GERMAN MIRROR CARP
24. NASIC MIRROR CARP
25. POLISH LINEAR CARP
26. POLISH MIRROR CARP
27. POLJANA SCALY CARP
28. POLJANA MIRROR CARP
29. ROPSHA SCALY CARP
30. UKRAINIAN SCALY CARP
31. VIETNAM SCALY CARP

19. AMUR WILD CARP

AMUR WILD

1. ORIGIN:

- Country: Russia
- District: River Amur (Siberia)
- Developed: Original wild form from river Amur
- Area of fish farm: River Amur in Asia
- Maintenance: FCRI, Szarvas
- Identification: Fin clipping, index Am, individual PIT tag

3. BREEDING HISTORY:

The Amur wild carp is an ancient form,that originated from the Asian carp centre (Amur-China type of wild carp, Cyprinius carpio haematopterus) and spread to the water bodies of Western Asia. During the centuries, after settling in the river Amur, this carp adapted to the local environmental conditions. It was brought into the gene bank of FCRI in 1982 from the Russian National Fisheries Research Institute. It has no breeding history as it is an ancient wild fish.

4. MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION:

- Scaliness: full scaled, homozygote (SSnn), irregular scales in 2-5 %
- Colour: silvery-white
- Lateral line: regular, irregular forms in 5 %
- Fins: regular
- Malformations: 0.7 %
- Body shape, indexes:

- Frequency of transferrin genotypes:

DD=0.1321
EE=0.0943
FF=0.0377
GG=0.0755
DE=0.1509
DF=0.1132
DG=0.0943
EF=0.1321
EG=0.1132
FG=0.0566
(number of fish 53)

6. UTILISATION IN BREEDING CONSTRUCTIONS:

- Inbreeding: 1993
- Gynogenesis: -
- Crossbreeding:

Two-line hybrids:

P33×Am (1990),
Tisza×Am (1991),
P33×Am (1992),
Am×Fres (1993),
Fres×Am (1993).

Three-line hybrid:

Am×15 (1991).

7. PRODUCTION CAPACITY OF AMUR WILD CARP

Tested parameters	Strains		Differences from control	Average of all tested strains	Difference from average of strains
	AMUR WILD	SzP31 control
No. of stocked fish (ind./pond)	505	1200	-695
No. of harvested fish (ind./pond)	464	1176	-712
Survival (%)	91.80	98.00	-6.20	89.31	+2.49
Initial weight (g)	149.50	99.20	+50.30	121,02	+28.48
Final weight (g)	666.10	575.60	+90.50	603,66	-62.44
Weight gain (g)	516.60	476.40	+40.20	482.64	+33.96
Feed conversion ratio (kg/kg)	4.85	4.33	+0.52	3.84	+1.01
Slaughter value (%)	57.99	55.30	+2.69	57.94	+0.05
Fat content (%)	14.63	13.20	+1.43	13.83	+0.80

Other tested strains:

Szeged 1 (1302 ind.), Szeged 2 (80 ind.), Szeged 1×Szeged 2 (278 ind.),

Szarvas 5 (316 ind.), Szarvas 5×Szarvas 15 (193 ind.), Szarvas 22×Nasic (98 ind.), P3×Ukraine (47 ind.), SzP34 (hyb.) (145 ind.).

20. CZECH SCALY CARP

CZECH

1. ORIGIN:

- Country: Czech Republic
- District: Vodnany
- Developed: Fish Culture Research Institute, Vodnany
- Area of fish farm: 1.000 ha
- Maintenance: Fish Culture Research Institute, Vodnany (Czech Republic), FCRI, Szarvas
- Identification: Fin clipping, index CsP, individual PIT tag

3. BREEDING HISTORY:

This Czech strain was developed in the Research Institute of Vodnany by Ing. Smisek after several years of selection. In this work the homozygous genotype for scaliness became fixed and the growth rate was also improved.

4. MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION:

- Scaliness: scaly homozygote (SSnn), irregular scales in 5-7 %
- Colour: silverish-greyish-white
- Lateral line: regular, irregular forms in 11-12 %
- Fins: regular
- Malformations: 2.02 %
- Body shape, indexes:

- Frequency of transferrin genotypes:

AA=0.1150
CC=0.0885
DD=0.0708
EE=0.0708
FF=0.0442
GG=0.0885
AC=0.0265
AD=0.0354
AE=0.0442
AF=0.0619
AC=0.0177
CD=0.0354
CE=0.0177
CF=0.0265
CG=0.0177
DE=0.0354
DF=0.0354
DG=0.0531
EF=0.0531
EG=0.0442
FG=0.0177
(number of fish 113)

6. UTILISATION IN BREEDING CONSTRUCTIONS:

- Inbreeding: -
- Gynogenesis: -
- Crossbreeding:

Three-line hybrid:
CsP×15 (1972).

Tested parameters	Strains		Differences from control	Average of all tested strains	Difference from average of strains
	CZECH SCALY	P3 control
No. of stocked fish (ind./pond)	150	150	0
No. of harvested fish (ind./pond)	147	145	+2
Survival (%)	98.00	96.60	+1.40	92.30	+5.70
Initial weight (g)	105.30	179.30	-74.00	159.45	-54.15
Final weight (g)	816.30	912.70	-96.40	1019.40	-203.10
Weight gain (g)	711.00	733.40	-22.40	860.00	-149.00
Feed conversion ratio (kg/kg)	3.26	3.52	-0.26	3.44	-0.18
Slaughter value (%)	61.30	66.90	-5.60	65.70	-4.40
Fat content (%)	8.40	10.78	-2.38	10.69	-2.29

Other tested strains: Szeged (230 ind.), Germany (200 ind.).

21. CZECH MIRROR CARP

CZECH

1. ORIGIN:

- Country: Czech Republic
- District: Vodnany
- Developed: Fish Culture Research Institute, Vodnany
- Area of fish farm: 1.000 ha
- Maintenance: Fish Culture Research Institute, Vodnany (Czech Republic), FCRI, Szarvas
- Identification: Brandmarking, index CsM, individual PIT tag

3. BREEDING HISTORY:

For the first introduction Czech mirror carp were collected from the fish farms Tabor (1972) and for the second from Trebon (1989) (Czech Republic). At these farms the characteristic form and features of the strain were reached by a continuous selection from the original strain of the region. This selection was directed for the growth rate and survival.

4. MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION:

- Scaliness: mirror, irregular scales in 3-4 %
- Colour: greyish-green
- Lateral line: regular, irregular forms in 14-17 %
- Fins: regular
- Malformations: 2.45 %
- Body shape, indexes:

- Frequency of transferrin genotypes:

DD=0.2198
EE=0.0769
FF=0.0110
GG=0.0659
DE=0.2198
DF=0.0330
DG=0.2198
EF=0.0110
EG=0.1209
FG=0.0220
(number of fish 91)

1972, 1982, 1992

6. UTILISATION IN BREEDING CONSTRUCTIONS:

- Inbreeding: -
- Gynogenesis: -
- Crossbreeding:

Two-line hybrid:
8×CsM (1972).

Tested parameters	Strains		Differences from control	Average of all tested strains	Difference from average of strains
	CZECH MIRROR	Sz215 control
No. of stocked fish (ind./pond)	250	600	-350
No. of harvested fish (ind./pond)	120	334	-214
Survival (%)	48.00	55.67	-7.67	75.46	-27.46
Initial weight (g)	115.30	120.00	-4.60	117.20	-1.80
Final weight (g)	1120.00	1080.20	+39.80	914.46	+205.54
Weight gain (g)	1004.60	960.20	+44.40	797.26	+207.34
Feed conversion ratio (kg/kg)	3.20	2.58	+0.62	3.16	+0.04
Slaughter value (%)	66.80	62.48	+4.32	60.45	+6.35
Fat content (%)	15.30	17.73	-2.43	15.08	+0.22

Other tested strains:

Fresinet (483 ind.), Poljana scaly (200 ind.), SzP31 (hyb.) (170 ind.), Poljana mirror (238 ind.).

22. FRESINET SCALY CARP

FRESINET

1. ORIGIN:

- Country: Romania
- District: Nucet
- Developed: Fish Culture Research Station, Nucet
- Area of fish farm: 1.850 ha
- Maintenance: Fish Culture Research Station, Nucet (Romania), FCRI, Szarvas
- Identification: Fin clipping, index Fres, individual PIT tag

3. BREEDING HISTORY:

The Fresinet scaly carp has a twenty year breeding background at Nucet Research Station. The basic population of local scaly carp has been crossed with the Hungarian Szeged strain and selected after back crossing with the scaly carp. In its original breeding area it is used in intensive pond fish culture and in several crossing experiments.

4. MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION:

- Scaliness: scaly, homozygote (SSnn)
- Colour: silvery-grey
- Lateral line: typical of the species, irregular forms in 15 %
- Fins: regular, with slight hard rays
- Malformations: shortage of vertebral column in 20 %
- Body shape, indexes:

- Frequency of transferrin genotypes:

DD=0.1736
EE=0.0661
FF=0.1240
GG=0.0992
DE=0.1074
DF=0.1488
DG=0.0744
EF=0.0578
EG=0.0909
FG=0.0578
(number of fish 121)

6. UTILISATION IN BREEDING CONSTRUCTIONS:

- Inbreeding: -
- Gynogenesis: -
- Crossbreeding:

Two-line hybrid:

P3×Fres (1991),
Viet×Fres (1991),
P3×Fres (1992),
Am×Fres (1993),
Viet×Fres (1993).

Tested parameters	Strains		Differences from control	Average of all tested strains	Difference from average of strains
	FRESINET SCALY	SzP31 control
No. of stocked fish (ind./pond)	483	170	+313
No. of harvested fish (ind./pond)	344	144	+200
Survival (%)	71.22	84.71	-13.48	75.46	-4.24
Initial weight (g)	146.40	80.50	+65.90	117.20	+29.20
Final weight (g)	785.10	750.90	+34.20	914.46	-129.36
Weight gain (g)	638.70	670.40	-31.70	797.26	-158.56
Feed conversion ratio (kg/kg)	3.72	3.28	+0.44	3.16	+0.56
Slaughter value (%)	65.25	59.46	+0.79	60.45	-0.20
Fat content (%)	13.57	14.94	-1.37	15.08	-1.51

Other tested strains:

Poljana scaly (200 ind.), Sz215 (hyb.) (600 ind.), Poljana mirror (263 ind.).

23. GERMAN MIRROR CARP

1. ORIGIN:

GERMAN

- Country: Germany (former GDR)
- District: Peitz
- Developed: Peitz VEB Binnenfischerei, Peitz
- Area of fish farm: 4.000 ha
- Maintenance: GMBH Fish Farm, Peitz (Germany), FCRI, Szarvas
- Identification: Brandmarking, index N, individual PIT tag

3. BREEDING HISTORY:

The German mirror carp was introduced into Szarvas in 1975 within the frame of a bilateral scientific co-operation. This strain was used in semi-gynogenetic hybrid combinations and as both paternal and maternal line of other hybrids.

4. MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION:

- Scaliness: mirror (ssnn)
- Colour: greyish-green, reddish-brown in its adult ages
- Lateral line: typical of the species, irregular forms in 12 %
- Fins: regular
- Malformations: 8.00 %
- Body shape, indexes:

- Frequency of transferrin genotypes: No data available

1975, 1978, 1983

6. UTILISATION IN BREEDING CONSTRUCTIONS:

- Inbreeding: -
- Gynogenesis: -
- Crossbreeding:

Two-line hybrid:

22× N, N×01 (1978).

Semi-gynogenetic hybrids:

N×DG2, N×GG4 (1979).

Tested parameters	Strains		Differences from control	Average of all tested strains	Difference from average of strains
	GERMAN MIRROR	Szeged Control
No. of stocked fish (ind./pond)	200	230	-30
No. of harvested fish (ind./pond)	164	213	-46
Survival (%)	82.00	92.60	-10.60	92.30	-10.30
Initial weight (g)	205.00	148.20	+56.80	159.45	+45.55
Final weight (g)	1287.80	1061.00	-226.80	1019.40	+268.40
Weight gain (g)	1082.80	912.80	+170.00	860.00	+222.80
Feed conversion ratio (kg/kg)	2.70	2.54	+0.16	3.20	-0.50
Slaughter value (%)	67.70	67.00	+0.70	65.70	-2.00
Fat content (%)	11.07	12.52	-1.45	10.69	+0.38

Other tested strains: Szarvas 22(450 ind.), Czech scaly (450 ind.), Polish mirror (300 ind.).

24. NASIC MIRROR CARP

NASIC

1. ORIGIN:

- Country: Croatia
- District: Zagreb, Nasic
- Developed: Fish Farm of Nasic
- Area of fish farm: 300 ha
- Maintenance: Experimental Station of University of Zagreb (Croatia), FCRI, Szarvas
- Identification: Brandmarking, index N3, individual PIT tag

3. BREEDING HISTORY:

The Nasic mirror carp was developed at the Experimental Station of the University of Zagreb by selection in the local carp variety. Mirrored individuals were chosen and selection was continued in order to obtain a roundish body form and better production parameters. The Nasic strain is the result of these efforts.

4. MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION:

- Scaliness: mirror, irregular scales in 5-6 %
- Colour: greyish-green, yellowish-brown in its adult ages
- Lateral line: regular, irregular forms in 19 %
- Fins: regular
- Malformations: 2.15 %
- Body shape, indexes:

- Frequency of transferrin genotypes:

DD=0.1724
FF=0.2069
GG=0.1379
DF=0.1552
DG=0.2069
FG=0.1207
(number of fish 58)

6. UTILISATION IN BREEDING CONSTRUCTIONS:

- Inbreeding: -
- Gynogenesis: 1978, 1980
- Crossbreeding:

Two-line hybrid:

2×N3(1976),
N3×2, N3×01 (1990),
2×N3 (1991),
N3×1 (1992),
N3×1 (1993)
2×N3 (1994).

Semi-gynogenetic hybrids:

N3×01G2 (1987),
N3G1×(GG3×15) (1982).

Gynogenetic hybrids:

N3G1×01G2 (1979),
N3G1×GG4 (1979),
GG4×N3G2 (1983).

Tested parameters	Strains		Differences from control	Average of all tested strains	Difference from average of strains
	NASIC MIRROR	Szeged control
No. of stocked fish (ind./pond)	300	250	+50
No. of harvested fish (ind./pond)	290	228	+62
Survival (%)	96.67	91.20	+5.47	90.64	+6.02
Initial weight (g)	61.67	58.45	+3.22	67.81	-6.14
Final weight (g)	602.41	745.26	-142.85	684.27	-81.86
Weight gain (g)	540.75	686.81	-146.06	616.46	-75.71
Feed conversion ratio (kg/kg)	2.89	2.54	+0.35	3.05	-0.16
Slaughter value (%)	62.33	62.62	-0.29	61.70	+0.63
Fat content (%)	14.23	15.73	-1.50	13.91	+0.32

Other tested strains: Tata (600 ind.), Tata (gyno.) (492 ind.), Vietnam (300 ind.), G4×DG (gyno.) (1050 ind.).

Compared to other varieties, it is sensitive to diseases and environmental changes, which results in a decrease in production parameters, first of all that of the growth rate. This sensitivity was successfully reduced by hybridisation, but to some extent this unfavourable feature occurred in the hybrid generations as well. It is still used for breeding and crossing, mostly for the purposes of blood refreshing for preventing inbreeding.

25. POLISH LINEAR CARP

POLAND

1. ORIGIN:

- Country: Poland
- District: Zator
- Developed: Research Institute of Fish Culture, Zator
- Area of fish farm: 1.530 ha
- Maintenance: Research Institute of Fish Culture, Zator (Poland), FCRI, Szarvas
- Identification: Brandmarking, index Lo, individual PIT tag

3. BREEDING HISTORY:

The Polish linear carp was developed from the local cultivated common carp strain that had been maintained by inbreeding over several generations. The family No. 11 comes from the crossbreeding of female line Z-102 Zator and the male line Z-105 Zator.

4. MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION:

- Scaliness: linear
- Colour: yellowish-green
- Lateral line: regular, irregular forms in 6 %
- Fins: regular
- Malformations: 0.9 %
- Body shape, indexes:

- Frequency of transferrin genotypes:

DD=0.2667
FF=0.1000
GG=0.1333
DF=0.1667
DG=0.2000
FG=0.1333
(number of fish 30)

6. UTILISATION IN BREEDING CONSTRUCTIONS:

- Inbreeding: 1990
- Gynogenesis: -
- Crossbreeding: -

Tested parameters	Strains		Differences from control	Average of all tested strains	Difference from average of strains
	POLISH LINEAR	Szeged control
No. of stocked fish (ind./pond)	200	250	-50
No. of harvested fish (ind./pond)	135	209	-74
Survival (%)	67.50	83.60	-16.10	83.72	-16.22
Initial weight (g)	57.50	140.00	-82.50	106.25	-48.75
Final weight (g)	729.00	745.00	-16.00	975.09	-246.09
Weight gain (g)	671.50	605.00	+66.50	872.56	-201.06
Feed conversion ratio (kg/kg)	4.50	3.58	+0.92	4.45	+0.05
Slaughter value (%)	63.71	62.85	+0.86	63.77	-0.06
Fat content (%)	13.66	13.47	+0.19	18.26	-4.60

Other tested strains: Szarvas 2 (650 ind.), Szarvas 22 (750 ind.), Hortobágy (250 ind.), Polish mirror (250 ind.), AG1×Koi (200 ind.), AG1×Koi linear (250 ind.), AG1×Koi (250 ind.), SzP31 (hyb.) (100 ind.), P3×P3 (250 ind.).

Because of its phenotypic characteristics it is not preferred for production. In crossbreeding or pure breeding sometimes all the four possible forms of scaliness occurred from the genotype determining the lateral scaliness of progeny.

26. POLISH MIRROR CARP

POLAND

1. ORIGIN:

- Country: Poland
- District: Golys
- Developed: Research Institute of Fish Culture, Golys
- Area of fish farm: 500 ha
- Maintenance: Research Institute of Fish Culture, Golys (Poland), FCRI, Szarvas
- Identification: Brandmarking, index Lt, individual PIT tag

3. BREEDING HISTORY:

This strain was selected in the Ochabi Experimental Fish Farm of the Polish Academy of Sciences. It was selected for good growth rate. Its parental lines were collected from the watershed area of the upper Vistula River and from the Mazurian lakes. From the collected fish only the males were used, while the females came from the local (Golys) variety. The strain has been selected for five generations for improvement of growth rate.

4. MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION:

- Scaliness: mirror, irregular scales in 2-3 %
- Colour: yellowish-brown
- Lateral line: regular, irregular forms in 14 %
- Fins: regular
- Malformations: 1.2 %
- Body shape, indexes:

- Frequency of transferrin genotypes:

DD=0.3667
GG=0.3667
DG=0.2667
(number of fish 30)

6. UTILISATION IN BREEDING CONSTRUCTIONS:

- Inbreeding: 1990
- Gynogenesis: -
- Crossbreeding: -

Tested parameters	Strains		Differences from control	Average of all tested strains	Difference from average of strains
	POLISH MIRROR	Szeged control
No. of stocked fish (ind./pond)	250	250	0
No. of harvested fish (ind./pond)	156	209	-53
Survival (%)	62.40	83.60	-21.20	83.72	-21.32
Initial weight (g)	67.50	140.00	-72.50	106.25	-38.75
Final weight (g)	719.00	745.00	-26.00	975.09	-256.09
Weight gain (g)	651.50	605.00	+46.50	872.56	-221.06
Feed conversion ratio (kg/kg)	5.70	3.58	+2.12	4.45	+1.25
Slaughter value (%)	60.00	62.85	-2.85	63.77	-3.77
Fat content (%)	15.64	13.47	+2.17	18.26	-2.62

Other tested strains: Szarvas 2 (650 ind.), Szarvas 22 (750 ind.), Hortobágy (250 ind.), Polish linear (200 ind.), AG1×Koi (200 ind.), AG1×Koi linear (250 ind.), AG1×Koi (250 ind.), SzP31 (hyb.) (100 ind.), P3×P3 (250 ind.).

27. POLJANA SCALY CARP

POLJANA

1. ORIGIN:

- Country: Serbia

- District: Poljana

- Developed: Fish Culture Research Station, Nucet, and Poljana Fish Farm

- Area of fish farm: 1.500 ha

- Maintenance: Fish Culture Research Station, Nucet (Romania), Poljana Fish Farm (Serbia), FCRI, Szarvas

- Identification: Fin clipping, index Pp, individual PIT tag

3. BREEDING HISTORY:

The strain is selected from the local population for growth rate and survival according to the plans of the local breeders. They arrived at the gene bank of Szarvas from the Romanian Fish Culture Research Centre in Nucet.

4. MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION:

- Scaliness: full scaled, homozygote (SSnn), irregular scales in 2-5 %
- Colour: gold coloured-yellowish
- Lateral line: regular, irregular forms in 28 %
- Fins: regular
- Malformations: 1.2 %
- Body shape, indexes:

- Frequency of transferrin genotypes:

DD=0.2105
FF=0.2368
GG=0.0789
DF=0.1579
DG=0.1316
FG=0.1842
(number of fish 38)

6. UTILISATION IN BREEDING CONSTRUCTIONS:

- Inbreeding: -
- Gynogenesis: -
- Crossbreeding: -

Tested parameters	Strains		Differences from control	Average of all tested strains	Difference from average of strains
	POLJANA SCALY	SzP31 control
No. of stocked fish (ind./pond)	200	170	+30
No. of harvested fish (ind./pond)	149	144	+5
Survival (%)	74.50	84.71	-10.21	75.46	-0.96
Initial weight (g)	111.00	80.50	+30.50	117.20	-6.20
Final weight (g)	933.60	750.90	+182.70	914.46	+19.14
Weight gain (g)	822.60	670.40	+152.20	797.26	+25.34
Feed conversion ratio (kg/kg)	3.31	3.28	+0.03	3.16	+0.15
Slaughter value (%)	58.72	59.46	-0.74	60.45	-1.73
Fat content (%)	15.26	14.94	+0.32	15.08	+0.18

Other tested strains: Fresinet (483 ind.), Sz215 (hyb.) (600 ind.), Poljana mirror (263 ind.).

28. POLJANA MIRROR CARP

POLJANA

1. ORIGIN:

- Country: Serbia

- District: Poljana

- Developed: Fish Culture Research Station, Nucet, and Poljana Fish Farm

- Area of fish farm: 1.500 ha

- Maintenance: Fish Culture Research Station, Nucet (Romania), Poljana Fish Farm (Serbia), FCRI, Szarvas

- Identification: Brandmarking, index Pt, individual PIT tag

3. BREEDING HISTORY:

Poljana mirror carp were selected from the local population for growth rate, survival and mirror habit, according to the plans of the local breeders. They arrived at the gene bank of Szarvas from the Romanian Fish Culture Research Centre in Nucet

4. MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION:

- Scaliness: mirror, irregular scales in 25-40 % in the F₁ generation
- Colour: brownish-yellow
- Lateral line: regular, irregular forms in 28 %
- Fins: regular
- Malformations: 2.8 %
- Body shape, indexes:

- Frequency of transferrin genotypes:

DD=0.3636
FF=0.0909
GG=0.0455
DF=0.1136
DG=0.3967
FG=0.0682
(number of fish 44)

6. UTILISATION IN BREEDING CONSTRUCTIONS:

- Inbreeding: -
- Gynogenesis: -
- Crossbreeding: -

Tested parameters	Strains		Differences from control	Average of all tested strains	Difference from average of strains
	POLJANA MIRROR	Sz215 control
No. of stocked fish (ind./pond)	263	600	-337
No. of harvested fish (ind./pond)	160	334	-174
Survival (%)	60.84	55.67	+5.17	75.46	-14.62
Initial weight (g)	128.10	120.00	+8.10	117.20	+10.90
Final weight (g)	1022.50	1080.20	-57.70	914.46	+108.40
Weight gain (g)	894.40	960.20	-65.80	797.26	+97.14
Feed conversion ratio (kg/kg)	2.90	2.58	+0.32	3.16	-0.26
Slaughter value (%)	61.35	62.48	-1.13	60.45	+0.90
Fat content (%)	13.92	17.73	-3.81	15.08	-1.16

Other tested strains: Fresinet (483 ind.), SzP31 (hyb.) (170 ind.), Poljana scaly (200 ind.).

29. ROPSHA SCALY CARP

ROPSHA

1. ORIGIN:

- Country: Russia
- District: Leningrad
- Developed: Novgorod Fish Farm
- Area of fish farm: 2.350 ha
- Maintenance: Novgorod Fish Farm (Russia), FCRI, Szarvas
- Identification: Fin clipping, index Rops, individual PIT tag

3. BREEDING HISTORY:

The Ropsha scaly carp has been selected from the local homozygote mirror carp by crossbreeding and at present is maintained in the homozygote scaly form. In the North-Russian region (St. Petersburg) the females of selected earlier origin Galician mirror carp were crossed with the males of the Amur wild carp. In the beginning, two parallel crossbreedings were carried out to eliminate inbreeding in later phases. The strain developed in this way and was selected for growth rate and homozygozity of scaliness over six generations. In these crossbreedings the female line R1 (Ropsha 1) and the male line R2 and their combination, the R12 were developed (Kirpichnikov, 1981).

4. MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION:

- Scaliness: full scaled, homozygote (SSnn), irregular scales in 9-12 %
- Colour: silvery-white
- Lateral line: regular, irregular forms in 4 %
- Fins: regular
- Malformations: 0.7 %
- Body shape, indexes:

- Frequency of transferrin genotypes:

DD=0.4800
FF=0.0600
GG=0.1000
DF=0.0800
DG=0.1800
FG=0.1000
(number of fish 50)

6. UTILISATION IN BREEDING CONSTRUCTIONS:

- Inbreeding: -
- Gynogenesis: -
- Crossbreeding:

Two-line hybrids:

P3×Rops (1987)

Tested parameters	Strains SCALY		Differences from control	Average of all tested strains	Difference from average of strains
	ROPSHA	SzP31 control
No. of stocked fish (ind./pond)	300	300	0
No. of harvested fish (ind./pond)	247	284	-37
Survival (%)	82.33	94.67	-12.33	89.51	-7.18
Initial weight (g)	125.70	114.30	+11.40	105.20	+20.50
Final weight (g)	957.15	1034.40	-77.24	998.50	-41.35
Weight gain (g)	831.45	920.09	-88.64	893.30	-61.85
Feed conversion ratio (kg/kg)	3.74	3.26	+0.48	3.57	+0.17
Slaughter value (%)	59.41	61.28	-1.87	63.21	-3.80
Fat content (%)	12.40	16.74	-4.34	12.38	-0.02

Other tested strains:

z215 (hyb.) (400 ind.), 2G×NG (gyno.) (200 ind.), Tata (gyno.) (100 ind.), Tata (100 ind.), Czech scaly (300 ind.), 2G×DG (gyno.) (100 ind.), 2G×BG (gyno.) (200 ind.).

30. UKRAINIAN SCALY CARP

UKRAINIAN

1. ORIGIN:

- Country: Ukraine
- District: Nivka Fish Farm
- Developed: Nivka Fish Farm and Research Station
- Area of fish farm: 500 ha
- Maintenance: FCRI, Szarvas
- Identification: Fin clipping, index Ukr, individual PIT tag

3. BREEDING HISTORY:

The Ukrainian carp was developed between 1970 and 1978 by selection of fish from the local population with the longest body shape together with good growth rate. The selected individuals were crossed with each other, thus the more significant features were standardised and its final character was reached. Later several Russian carp strains were used to improve the target traits of this strain.

4. MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION:

- Scaliness: full scaled, homozygote (SSnn), irregular scales in 7-8 %
- Colour: silvery-white
- Lateral line: typical of the species, irregular forms in 28 %
- Fins: regular
- Malformations: 0.9 %
- Body shape, indexes:

- Frequency of transferrin genotypes:

BB=0.0345
CC=0.0862
DD=0.2241
BC=3103
BD=0.3103
CD=0.0345
(number of fish 58)

6. UTILISATION IN BREEDING CONSTRUCTIONS:

- Inbreeding: -
- Gynogenesis: -
- Crossbreeding:

Two-line hybrids:

P3×Ukr (1987),
P3×Ukr (1989),
P3×Ukr (1990).

Tested parameters	Strains		Differences from control	Average of all tested strains	Difference from average of strains
	UKRAINE SCALY	SzP31 control
No. of stocked fish (ind./pond)	400	300	+100
No. of harvested fish (ind./pond)	313	273	+40
Survival (%)	78.25	91.00	-12.75	76.12	+2.13
Initial weight (g)	73.70	90.00	-16.30	124.55	-50.85
Final weight (g)	776.00	796.00	-20.00	802.61	-26.61
Weight gain (g)	702.30	706.00	-3.70	678.06	+24.24
Feed conversion ratio (kg/kg)	3.62	3.69	-0.07	3.96	-0.34
Slaughter value (%)	61.14	60.28	+0.86	62.57	-1.43
Fat content (%)	8.26	11.57	-3.31	7.72	+0.54

Other tested strains: G4×(G3×15) (gyno.) (50 ind.), 2G×(G3×15) (gyno.) (478 ind.), (2×G3)×(G3×15) (gyno.) (300 ind.), 2G×NG (gyno.) (400 ind.), Sz215 (hyb.) (300 ind.).

31. VIETNAM SCALY CARP

VIETNAM

1. ORIGIN:

- Country: Vietnam
- District: Hanoi
- Developed: Research Institute of Aquaculture (RIA No. 1), Hanoi
- Area of fish farm: 150 ha
- Maintenance: Research Institute of Aquaculture (RIA No. 1), Hanoi, FCRI, Szarvas
- Identification: Fin clipping, index Viet, individual PIT tag

3. BREEDING HISTORY:

The Vietnam scaly carp was selected from the local wild form of common carp (Cyprinus carpio viridiviolaceus). This common carp population was caught from natural waters in Vietnam and reproduced artificially. The offspring (F₁ generation) of the original wild form were selected for growth rate, based on weight and later crossed with Hungarian and other Asian strains. The population of Vietnam scaly carp that arrived at the gene bank was from the F₁ generation. This generation has maintained its wild character up to the present, for example its good natural food selection ability, good survival rate and low fat content of the meat.

4. MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION:

- Scaliness: full scaled, homozygote (SSnn), irregular scales in 1-3 %
- Colour: gold-yellow
- Lateral line: regular, irregular forms in 2 %
- Fins: regular
- Malformations: 0.4 %
- Body shape, indexes:

- Frequency of transferrin genotypes:

DD=0.1587
EE=0.0159
GG=0.2222
DE=0.2857
DG=0.0749
EG=0.2381
(number of fish 63)

6. UTILISATION IN BREEDING CONSTRUCTIONS:

- Inbreeding: 1991
- Gynogenesis: -
- Crossbreeding:

Two-line hybrids:

P3×Viet (1990),
P3×Viet (1991),
Viet×Fres (1991),
Tisza×Viet (1991),
P3×Viet (1992),
Viet×Fres (1993).

Semi-gynogenetic hybrids:

Ag×Viet (1991),
2G1×Viet (1991).

Tested parameters	Strains		Differences from control	Average of all tested strains	Difference from average of strains
	VIETNAM SCALY	SzP31 control
No. of stocked fish (ind./pond)	200	156	+44
No. of harvested fish (ind./pond)	186	144	+42
Survival (%)	93.00	92.31	+0.69	75.46	+17.54
Initial weight (g)	79.00	78.85	+0.15	117.20	-38.20
Final weight (g)	848.30	861.25	-12.95	914.46	-66.16
Weight gain (g)	769.30	782.40	-13.10	797.26	-27.96
Feed conversion ratio (kg/kg)	2.78	3.28	-0.50	3.16	-0.38
Slaughter value (%)	58.30	57.40	+0.90	60.45	-2.15
Fat content (%)	15.92	18.57	-2.65	15.08	+0.84

Other tested strains: Nasic×Hortobágy (200 ind.), Hortobágy×Szarvas 15(200 ind.), Nasic×Szarvas 15 (200 ind.), Vietnam×Fresinet (182 ind.), Amur wild×Fresinet (200 ind.), Fresinet×Amur wild (50 ind.), Palkonya (218 ind.), Hortobágy (200 ind.).