TECHNICAL REPORT
ON THE
ANCHOVY FISHERIES IN THE GULF OF THAILAND

TECHNICAL REPORT ON THE ANCHOVY FISHERIES IN THE GULF OF THAILAND

Field Report F–6 Suppl.

Prepared by

Mala Supongpan
Chongkolnee Chamchang
Somphon Boongerd
Bangkok Marine Fisheries Development Center

Amphon Laowapong
Fishery Economics Division, Department of Fisheries

FISHCODE/MANAGEMENT - GCP/INT/648/NOR

FAO/NORWAY GOVERNMENT
COOPERATIVE PROGRAMME

FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS
Rome, December 2000

Table of Contents

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Supongpan, M.; Chamchang, C.; Boongerd, S.; Laowapong, A.
Technical report on the anchovy fisheries in the Gulf of Thailand. FAO/FISHCODE Project GCP/INT/648/NOR: Field report F-6 Suppl. (En).
Rome, FAO, 2000:105p.

ABSTRACT

This report describes the development of the anchovy fisheries in Thailand, as well as biological aspects of the main species. It also contains results of studies on the effects of light attaction on other resources and socio-economic studies on fishermen and processors of anchovy.
The history of management measures and conflicts between different types of fisheries is also given.
This report was first produced in Thai, and in that version the various chapters were presented at the Workshop in Cha-am as described in Field report F-6.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

GCP/INT/648/NOR Field Report F–6 Suppl.(En)pdf

SUMMARY

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

1. INTRODUCTION

2. THE SPECIES FOUND IN THE GULF OF THAILAND

3. THE BIOLOGY OF ANCHOVY

3.1 The distribution of eggs and larvae
3.2 The distribution of adult anchovy
3.3 Length-weight relationship
3.4 Sex ratios
3.5 Growth parameters
3.6 Maturity and fecundity
3.7 Spawning grounds and spawning season
3.8 Food, feeding and predators
3.9 Parasites

4. BACKGROUND AND DEVELOPMENT OF ANCHOVY FISHERIES

5. FISHING GEARS AND METHODS

5.1 Anchovy Purse Seine without light (APS, daytime fishing)
5.2 Anchovy Purse Seine with Light luring (nighttime fishing, APSL)
5.3 Anchovy Lift Net with Light luring (LNL)
5.4 Anchovy Falling Net with Light luring (FNL)
5.5 Number of fishing boats
5.6 Light intensity
5.7 The fishing grounds and fishing season

6. THE SPECIES AND SIZE COMPOSITION OF ANCHOVY CAUGHT

6.1 Species composition
6.2 Size composition by gear
6.3 Catch composition by type of fishing gear and fishing zone

6.3.1 Catch composition of day time anchovy purse seine (APS)
6.3.2 Catch composition of APSL
6.3.3 Catch composition of LNL
6.3.4 Catch composition of FNL

6.4 Catch composition by zones

7. ANCHOVY PRODUCTION AND STATUS OF THE FISHERIES

8. ANCHOVY UTILIZATION AND MARKETING

9. SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF ANCHOVY FISHERIES

9.1 Costs and benefits of anchovy purse seine fisheries (APS, APSL)
9.2 Economic losses caused by anchovy boats catching other valuable fish
9.3 Results of socio-economic surveys

9.3.1 The socio-economic aspects of anchovy fisheries in the year 1993-1994
9.3.2 Socio-economics of fishermen and small-scale processors in Songkhla in 1996
9.3.3 Socio-economic aspects of anchovy fisheries in the year 1997

10. BYCATCH OF THE ANCHOVY FISHERIES AND OTHER PROBLEMS

10.1 Intensive experiments to determine the bycatch in anchovy fisheries
10.2 Effects of light luring on fish larvae
10.3 Anchovy fishing’s effect on the income of small-scale fishermen

11. EXISTING FISHERY MANAGEMENT AND RELATED REGULATIONS

11.1 Marine fishery monitoring
11.2 Marine fisheries research
11.3 Fishing regulations and control in Thailand
11.4 Important notifications relevant to anchovy resource management
11.5 Fishery surveillance
11.6 Monitoring, surveillance and enforcement
11.7 Limitations of fishery management
11.8 Other measures for compliance

12. FISHERIES PROBLEMS AND CONFLICTS

13. DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR FURTHER STUDY (BIOLOGICAL, SOCIOECONOMIC AND MANAGEMENT DATA)

14. REFERENCES

APPENDICES

15.1 Experimental area in the East, 4 December 1992 - 16 January 1993
15.2 Intensive experimental area off Prachuap Khiri Khan, 14 June – 30 September 1993
15.3 Intensive experimental area off Prachuap Khiri Khan, 16 May – 30 September 1993
15.4 The intensive experimental area in the East, as referred to in the text
15.5 Intensive experimental area off Prachuap Khiri Khan, 16 May – 30 September 1993
15.6 The FNL and small trawl fishing grounds in Songkhla Province
15.7 The actual fine mesh size used in catching anchovy
15.8 Market share of anchovy
15.9 Market flows of anchovy
15.10 Members of the group concerned with anchovy fisheries in the Gulf of Thailand

GCP/INT/648/NOR Field Report F–6 (En)