1984-86
average

1987-89
average

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001
prel.

2002
est.

.......................................................................million pieces.....................................................................

World

468.9

474.6

492.8

512.5

502.7

518.4

525.2

529.7

528.3

531.6

500.1

522.3

525.8

517.4

516.0

Developing All

226.6

229.1

244.9

258.5

266.1

287.4

299.4

305.9

309.6

317.3

304.6

324.3

327.5

325.8

331.8

Latin America &
Caribbean

21.8

22.9

24.4

23.5

23.7

24.4

24.5

22.6

22.7

22.9

21.4

22.2

22.3

22.5

22.5

Argentina

6.0

5.5

5.0

4.7

4.7

4.8

4.8

4.2

4.2

4.4

4.2

4.5

4.4

4.4

4.5

Bolivia

1.4

1.5

1.9

1.6

1.3

1.5

1.6

1.6

1.7

1.7

1.7

1.8

1.9

1.9

1.9

Brazil

3.4

4.5

4.9

4.9

5.0

5.1

5.3

5.4

4.4

4.4

4.2

4.5

4.5

4.5

4.5

Chile

0.8

0.8

1.0

0.8

0.8

0.9

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.8

0.7

0.7

Colombia

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.8

0.8

0.2

0.4

0.5

0.5

0.5

Cuba

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Ecuador

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.3

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.5

Guatemala

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

Guyana

0.0

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Mexico

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.8

1.9

2.2

2.2

2.0

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

2.1

2.3

2.4

Paraguay

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

Peru

1.9

1.9

2.5

1.9

2.0

2.0

1.9

2.0

2.2

2.3

1.8

2.5

2.5

2.6

2.5

Uruguay

5.3

5.6

6.1

6.3

6.4

6.2

6.3

4.9

5.9

5.7

5.4

4.7

4.4

4.4

4.4

Venezuela

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.2

Other
L. America

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Africa

39.4

46.0

48.9

48.8

49.5

50.5

51.7

52.1

53.7

56.5

56.6

58.6

59.2

59.7

59.7

Algeria

5.5

8.3

9.6

9.9

10.7

11.0

10.5

10.0

10.0

9.4

8.6

9.6

9.7

9.7

9.7

Angola

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Benin

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

Burkina Faso

1.0

1.1

1.2

1.2

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.4

1.4

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

Burundi

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Cameroon

0.7

1.0

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.4

1.4

1.4

Central African
Republic

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Chad

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.7

0.7

0.7

Congo, Dem
Republic of

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Côte d'Ivoire

0.5

0.4

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.6

0.6

0.7

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.6

Eritrea

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.6

Ethiopia

7.8

8.0

8.0

8.1

8.1

8.1

8.1

8.3

8.3

8.3

Ethiopia PDR

7.7

7.8

7.6

7.6

7.7

Gabon

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Ghana

0.2

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

Guinea

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

Kenya

1.7

1.8

2.1

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.0

2.0

2.0

Liberia

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Madagascar

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

Mali

1.4

1.4

1.7

1.2

1.1

1.4

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.9

2.1

2.0

2.1

2.1

2.1

Mauritania

0.6

0.7

0.9

0.9

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

1.0

1.0

1.1

1.1

1.2

1.2

1.2

Morocco

4.1

5.1

5.6

5.3

6.0

5.1

5.8

6.1

6.0

6.5

6.2

6.5

6.5

6.5

6.5

Mozambique

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Niger

0.5

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.9

0.9

0.9

0.9

0.9

0.9

0.9

Nigeria

3.3

3.6

4.0

4.3

4.4

4.6

4.6

4.6

5.7

7.9

8.1

8.3

8.1

8.1

8.1

Rwanda

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.0

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Senegal

0.7

0.8

0.8

0.9

0.8

0.9

0.9

0.9

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.1

1.1

1.2

1.2

Sierra Leone

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Somalia

3.6

4.2

3.9

3.3

3.0

3.5

3.9

4.1

4.1

4.2

4.5

4.6

4.8

5.0

5.0

Tanzania

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.8

0.9

0.9

0.9

0.9

0.9

0.9

0.9

0.9

0.9

0.9

0.9

Togo

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

Tunisia

3.5

4.2

4.3

4.4

4.3

4.3

4.5

4.9

5.0

4.9

5.2

5.4

5.6

5.7

5.7

Uganda

0.6

0.5

0.4

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

Zimbabwe

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

Other Africa

1.3

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.0

1.0

1.0

0.8

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Near East

94.7

80.6

79.6

86.6

90.9

104.3

108.1

103.7

102.1

104.6

91.9

103.0

96.9

89.4

88.5

Afghanistan

6.6

6.6

7.2

7.2

6.9

6.6

6.6

6.6

7.1

7.7

8.0

7.0

6.5

6.0

5.5

Cyprus

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

Egypt

2.2

2.4

2.2

1.9

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.5

2.5

2.6

2.7

2.9

3.0

3.0

3.0

Iran

36.3

23.6

25.7

31.8

36.3

48.5

47.7

42.2

39.4

39.9

26.5

38.7

32.1

26.4

26.4

Iraq

2.9

2.9

2.5

1.9

1.4

1.8

1.6

1.4

1.0

1.2

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

Jordan

0.8

0.8

1.0

1.9

1.8

2.1

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.4

Lebanon

0.2

0.3

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.6

0.6

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.4

Libyan Arab
Jamahiriya

3.0

2.4

1.6

1.6

1.6

2.0

1.7

2.0

2.4

2.2

2.4

1.5

1.6

1.6

1.6

Saudi Arabia

2.8

3.9

3.4

3.2

3.5

3.5

3.6

3.6

3.8

3.7

3.7

3.8

3.8

3.8

3.8

Sudan

4.3

4.1

4.4

4.5

5.3

5.9

7.0

7.9

8.1

8.3

8.8

8.9

9.0

9.0

9.0

Syrian Arab
Republic

5.0

5.9

6.3

6.9

6.3

5.1

6.7

7.3

7.9

8.2

8.6

9.8

10.2

9.4

10.0

Turkey

24.3

21.1

19.4

19.3

19.2

19.2

19.8

20.0

19.8

20.6

20.2

19.8

20.3

19.2

18.1

Yemen

1.9

2.0

2.0

2.3

2.4

2.2

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.2

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.5

2.5

Other
Near East

4.2

4.3

3.5

3.6

3.7

4.5

6.0

5.4

5.2

5.3

4.8

4.3

4.1

4.3

4.3

Far East

70.7

79.6

91.9

99.7

101.9

108.2

115.1

127.6

131.1

133.4

134.6

140.5

149.1

154.3

161.0

Bangladesh

0.2

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

China

26.1

35.3

45.7

51.2

54.2

59.5

65.0

77.0

83.3

85.6

86.9

91.7

100.3

106.2

110.3

India

22.7

23.3

24.4

24.9

25.4

25.9

26.5

27.1

27.7

28.2

28.6

28.8

29.0

29.1

29.1

Indonesia

3.0

3.1

3.2

3.7

3.0

4.0

4.3

3.8

3.9

4.2

3.4

3.2

3.6

3.3

3.4

Korea,
Dem People's
Rep

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Mongolia

5.0

5.1

5.3

6.2

5.3

4.8

4.6

4.6

4.7

4.1

4.2

5.0

4.5

3.8

6.4

Myanmar

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Nepal

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.4

Pakistan

12.1

11.0

11.5

11.8

12.1

12.0

12.7

13.0

9.4

9.4

9.5

9.6

9.6

9.7

9.8

Singapore

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

Thailand

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

Developed All

242.3

245.5

247.9

254.0

236.6

231.0

225.9

223.8

218.8

214.3

195.6

197.9

198.3

191.6

184.2

North America

6.8

5.8

6.2

6.3

6.1

5.8

5.5

5.1

4.8

4.5

4.4

4.3

4.1

4.0

4.0

Canada

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.5

0.6

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.6

0.6

0.7

0.7

USA

6.3

5.4

5.8

5.8

5.6

5.3

5.0

4.6

4.2

4.0

3.9

3.8

3.5

3.3

3.3

Europe

87.2

92.1

99.4

101.0

99.1

97.5

92.1

93.3

90.5

84.9

86.2

84.9

84.2

77.4

81.7

EU (15)

63.7

68.9

76.3

78.4

78.3

77.2

75.7

74.8

73.8

69.6

71.4

71.0

70.6

64.5

69.0

Austria

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

Belgium-
Luxembourg

0.4

0.3

0.4

0.4

0.3

0.2

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

Denmark

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Finland

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

France

9.6

9.3

10.0

9.6

8.9

8.5

8.1

7.7

8.1

7.8

7.4

7.3

7.4

7.2

7.2

Germany

2.0

2.2

2.2

2.4

2.3

2.2

2.1

2.1

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.2

Greece

7.5

7.5

8.2

7.8

7.7

7.7

7.7

7.7

7.7

7.7

7.6

7.3

7.2

7.3

7.2

Ireland

1.9

2.4

3.9

4.2

4.4

4.7

4.4

4.3

4.4

3.8

4.3

4.5

4.1

3.9

4.0

Italy

7.6

8.1

9.0

9.1

9.1

8.4

8.1

8.0

8.0

7.7

7.4

7.4

7.0

6.5

6.5

Netherlands

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.7

0.8

0.7

0.6

0.7

0.6

0.6

0.7

0.7

0.8

0.8

Portugal

1.9

2.3

2.4

2.2

2.3

2.3

2.5

2.3

2.3

2.5

2.3

2.2

2.2

2.1

2.1

Spain

16.3

18.0

19.0

20.3

20.8

20.4

20.3

20.1

19.8

19.9

20.3

19.5

20.5

20.8

22.8

Sweden

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

UK

15.5

17.5

20.1

21.0

21.1

21.3

20.9

21.2

20.0

16.7

18.4

19.2

18.4

12.9

15.2

Rest of Europe

23.4

23.2

23.1

22.7

20.8

20.3

16.4

18.5

16.7

15.4

14.8

13.9

13.6

12.9

12.7

Albania

0.9

0.9

1.0

1.0

1.1

1.2

1.4

1.7

1.4

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.4

1.4

1.4

Bosnia and
Herzegovina

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

Bulgaria

5.5

4.4

4.0

4.5

3.9

4.5

2.2

2.3

2.5

2.2

2.2

2.6

2.3

2.1

2.1

Croatia

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

Czech Republic

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Czechoslovakia

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.5

0.4

Hungary

0.2

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.3

Iceland

0.9

0.7

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.5

0.6

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.6

0.6

0.6

0.6

Macedonia

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.5

0.5

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.3

Norway

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.3

1.4

1.3

1.2

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.1

Poland

1.3

1.5

1.9

2.1

1.3

0.8

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Romania

7.5

8.2

8.3

7.3

8.7

8.1

7.0

8.9

7.2

6.5

6.1

5.4

5.1

4.6

4.4

Serbia and
Montenegro

1.9

1.9

1.8

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.4

1.4

1.4

1.4

Slovakia

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

Slovenia

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Switzerland

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

Yugoslav SFR

4.9

5.3

5.3

5.2

Area Former
USSR

64.9

64.9

65.0

65.3

50.0

54.7

53.4

49.2

40.2

32.5

31.3

27.5

27.2

27.9

28.3

Armenia

0.5

0.5

0.4

0.4

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.4

Azerbaijan

1.6

1.5

1.3

1.3

1.5

1.5

1.8

2.0

2.0

2.1

2.2

Belarus

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

Estonia

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

Georgia

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.6

0.4

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

Kazakhstan

13.4

15.1

16.1

14.2

11.7

8.3

6.6

5.2

4.9

6.5

6.5

Kyrgyzstan

3.4

4.0

3.8

2.6

2.5

2.0

1.8

2.0

2.0

2.1

2.1

Latvia

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

Lithuania

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

Moldova, Rep

0.2

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

Russian
Federation

20.0

21.9

19.3

18.1

12.8

10.7

9.2

6.9

6.8

6.1

6.2

Tajikistan

1.3

1.3

1.4

1.2

0.7

0.2

0.9

0.9

1.0

0.8

0.9

Turkmenistan

2.2

2.8

2.9

3.1

3.3

3.2

3.9

4.0

3.9

3.8

3.8

Ukraine

2.5

2.1

2.9

2.4

1.9

1.5

1.2

1.0

0.7

0.6

0.6

Uzbekistan

3.9

4.2

4.2

4.7

4.3

3.8

4.6

4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

Oceania
Developed

73.9

72.6

67.1

70.5

70.4

63.0

65.0

66.4

74.5

84.5

65.5

72.4

74.0

73.5

61.5

Australia

28.6

31.2

33.0

34.7

34.7

33.1

33.0

32.9

43.3

51.7

33.3

41.7

43.3

41.7

32.1

New Zealand

45.3

41.4

34.1

35.8

35.8

30.0

32.0

33.5

31.2

32.9

32.2

30.8

30.7

31.8

29.4

Developed
Other

9.5

10.1

10.1

10.8

10.9

10.0

9.8

9.7

8.8

7.9

8.2

8.8

8.8

8.8

8.8

Israel

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

Japan

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

South Africa

9.3

9.9

9.9

10.5

10.7

9.8

9.6

9.4

8.5

7.6

7.9

8.5

8.5

8.5

8.5