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6. REFERENCES


· Arnaud, A.-J., 1990, "Repenser un Droit pour l’Époque Post Moderne," Le Courrier du CNRS, No. 75.

· Astone, J., 1998, "Incorporating Local History into Planning Documents: a Case Study from Guinea, West Africa," World Development, Vol. 26, No. 9, pp. 1773-1784.

· Bâ, S. O., 1999, see footnote 5 below.

· Baland, J.-M., and J.-P. Platteau, 1996, "Halting Degradation of Natural Resources," FAO.

· Bayart, J.F., 1989, "L’État en Afrique: La Politique du Ventre," Paris: Fayart.

· Benda Beckmann, F. von, 1997, "Les droits des femmes sur les ressources naturelles, en particulier la terre et l’eau," La Haye: Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

· Benwell, G. L., 1997, "Understanding indigenous land tenures and the process of modernisation," discussion paper for SDAA/FAO, Rome.

· Bertrand, M., 1999, "Décentralisation et Culture Politique Locale du Mali: De la réforme territoriale au cas de Bamako," in "Afrique: Les identités contre la démocratie?," IRD, various, Éditions de l’aube 10.

· Bonfliglioli, A., 1997, personal communication.

· Bourdieu, P., 1977, "Outline of a Theory of Practice", Cambridge University Press.

· Brokensha D., D.M. Warren and O. Werner (eds), 1980, "Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Development," New York: University Press of America.

· Campbell, J. and V. Salagrama, 2000, "New approaches to participation in fisheries research," discussion document commissioned by FAO and SIFAR, June.

· Ciparisse, G. (ed), 1999, "Thésaurus Multilingue du Foncier," Rome: FAO.

· Chambers, R., 1997, "Whose Reality Counts?: Putting the First Last," 2nd edition, Stylus Publishers.

· Charlick, R., 1991, "Governance Working Paper," Africa Democracy Bureau and Governance Project, Associates in Rural Development Inc., December.

· Douglas, M., 1986, "How Institutions Think", Syracuse University Press.

· Dubois, O., 1997, "Decentralisation and Local Management of Forest Resources in Sub-Saharan Africa: Let it go or let it be (laissez-faire)? - A comparative analysis," Forestry and Land Use Programme, International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED).

· Engberg-Pedersen, L., 1998, "Towars Fieldwork Strategies," in N. Webster (ed).

· FAO, 1997a, "La Dynamique des Sociétés Rurales Face aux Projets Participatifs de Développement Rural," Participation Populaire 11, sous la direction de J. Bonnal, Rome, Italie.

· FAO, 1997b, "Le rôle de la région, Actes de l’atelier régional sur l’interface développement local/cadres stratégiques," Decentralisation et Developpement Rural 5, Rome.

· FAO, 1997c, see footnote 5 below. Also at URL: http://www.fao.org/sd/ROdirect/ROan0014.htm.

· FAO, 1999a, "Pluralism and Sustainable Forestry and Rural Development/Le Pluralisme et la Foresterie et le Développement Rural Durable," Proceedings of an international workshop, 9-12 Dec. 1997.

· FAO, 1999b, "Legal Bases for the Management of Forest Resources as Common Property," by J. W. Bruce, Community Forestry Note 14, Rome.

· Fine, B., 2000, "Social Capital Versus Social Theory," forthcoming, London: Routledge.

· Fox, 1996. "How Does Civil Society Thicken? The Political Construction of Social Capital in Rural Mexico, World Development 24 (6), pp. 1089-1103.

· Ghai, D, and J. M. Vivian (eds), 1992, "Grassroots Environmental Action," London: Routledge.

· Giddens, A., 1979, "Central problems in social theory," London: MacMillan.

· Goislard, C., 1999, "Recueil de sept inventaires," collection of reports to project TCP/MLI/6716, étape 1: Rédaction d’un projet de charte pastoral adaptée aux besoins et aux réalités de la société malienne.

· Guambe, J. M. E., 1998, "Historical Evolution of Decentralisation in Mozambique," in Decentralisation and Municipal Administration, F. Ebert Foundation (ed), Maputo.

· Hanlon, J., 1998, "Is there an African Democracy?, "URL: www.brad.ac.uk/research/ijas/estudos.htm.

· Hanlon, J., 1997, "Mozambique Peace Process Bulletin, 1995-98", (Amsterdam: AWEPA).

· Hobart, M. (ed), 1993, "An Anthropological Critique of Development," London: Routledge.

· Hobsbawm, E., and T. Ranger (eds), 1983, "The Invention of Tradition," Cambridge Univ. Press.

· Jacob, J.-P., et al., 1994, "Guide d’approche des institutions locales (GAID): Methodologie d’études des acteurs locaux dans le monde rural," Institut Univ. d’Études du Développement (IUED), Geneva.

· Karsenty, A., 1996, "Maîtrises foncières et gestion forestière," in Le Roy et al. (eds), 1996.

· Kéita, J. D., 1985, "Le rôle des administrations forestières publiques dans le développement rural," in Rapport du Séminaire sur l’Administration au Service du Développement, 26-29 Nov. 1985, Tunis.

· Lange, M.-F., 1999, "Insoumission Civile et Défaillance Étatique: Les contradictions du processus démocratique malien," in "Afrique: Les identités contre la démocratie?," IRD, var., Éd.s de l’Aube, 10.

· Le Roy, É., A. Karsenty, and A. Bertrand (eds), 1996, "La sécurisation foncière en Afrique," Karthala.

· Long, N., 1992, "Conclusion," in Long & Long (eds) "Battlefields of Knowledge: the Interlocking of Theory and Practice in Social Research and Development," London: Routledge.

· Lundin, I., 1998, "Traditional Authority in Mozambique", in Decentralisation and Municipal Administration, F. Ebert Foundation, Maputo.

· Lundin I., and R. Alfane, 1999, see footnote 5 below.

· Lundin, I., 1999, see footnote 5 below.

· Mafeje, A., 1999, Anthropology Department, American University Cairo, personal communication.

· Maman Sani, S., 1994, "Socio-anthropologie d’une expertise," Niamey: Mission de Coopération.

· Mamdani, M., 1996, "Citizen and Subject-Contemporary Africa and the legacy of late colonialism," Kampala/Cape Town/London: Fountain/David Philip/James Currey.

· Mayers, J., and S. Bass, 1999, "Policy that works for forests and people," PTW No. 7, London: IIED.

· Messer, N. M., 1992, "Institutional Constraints to the Implementation of Environmental Impact Analysis in Indonesia," BA thes., London School of Economics & Political Science, Univ. of London.

· Messer, N. M., 1993, "Islamic Injunctions on the Environment and Health in Selected Muslim Countries," unpublished typescript, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London.

· Messer, N. M., 1997, "Decentralisation & Rural Food Security: Some Theoretical and Empirical Relationships," URL: http://www.fao.org/waicent/faoinfo/sustdev/ltdirect/lr97/landrf.htm, Land Reform.

· Messer, N. M., 1998, "Relating Social Capital, Traditional Community Institutions and Decentralisation Processes", URL: http://www.ciesin.org/decentralization/English/Issues/relating.html, EN + FR.

· Messer, N. M., 1999, "Capital Social et Participation dans la Gestion Décentralisée des Ressources Naturelles," in "Développement Local et Gestion des Ressources Naturelles en Afrique Subsaharienne", Panafrican Institute for Development - (IPD-AC), Douala, Cameroon.

· Mosse, D., 1995, "Social Analysis in Participatory Rural Development," PLA Notes 24, Oct.

· Mundy, M., 1995, "Domestic government", I.B. Tauris Publishers, London.

· Narayan, D., 1999, "Bonds and Bridges: Social Capital and Poverty", WB Social Capital Library.

· Nelson, N., and S. Wright, 1995, "Power and Participatory Development," London: IT.

· Notzke, C., 1995, "A New Perspective in Aboriginal Natural Resource Management: Co management," Geoforum, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 187-209.

· Nsia, S., 1999, "Institutions coutumières et GRN: Contribution à l'analyse socio-institutionnelle et règlementaire de gestion coutumière de la forêt classée de Kétou-Dogo au Bénin," unpubl. PhD thesis.

· Olivier de Sardan, J.-P., 1998, "Anthropologie et développement", APAD-Karthala, Marseille & Paris.

· Onibon, F. A., 1999, "Traditions et Reformes Institutionnelles pour une Meilleure Gouvernance de la Gestion des Zones Humides Au Benin: Le cas du complexe Lac Ahémé - Chenal Aho," unpublished.

· Othman, A. A., and N. M. Messer, 1999, see footnote 5 below.

· Pretty, J. N., 1995, "Regenerating Agriculture", Earthscan.

· Putnam, R. D., 1993, "Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy," Princeton Univ.

· Redclift, M., 1992, "Sustainable development and popular participation," in Ghai and Vivian (eds).

· Ribot, J., 1998, "Decentralization, Participation and Accountability in Sahelian forestry," Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard University.

· Riddell, J. C., 2000, "Emerging trends in land tenure reform: progress towards a unified theory," at URL: http://www.fao.org/WAICENT/FAOINFO/SUSTDEV/LTdirect/LTan0038.htm

· Scott, C., 1999, Economics Department, London School of Economics, personal communication.

· Smith, L. D., 1997, "Decentralisation and Rural Development: The Role of the Public and Private Sectors in the Provision of Agricultural Support Services," TCD, December 1997, FAO.

· Soumaré, S., 1998, "La gestion des ressources naturelles, un des premières enjeux de la décentralisation en zone rurale au Mali," Colloque FTPP/FAO sur la Décentralisation, Dakar, 20-28/10 1998.

· Soumaré, S., 1999, see footnote 5 below.

· Swift, J., 1991, "Local Customary Institutions as the Basis for Natural Resource Management among Boran pastoralists of northern Kenya," IDS Bulletin 22/4, pp. 34-37.

· Synergies Africa/ACTN/IRED, 1996, "Rencontre Regional de Concertation des Chefs Traditionnels de l’Afrique (Niamey 25-28 juin 1996): Rapport Final," Tome I, Niamey, August.

· Tanner, C., 1996, "The land question in Mozambique" SD Dimensions, Land Tenure Analysis, posted 18 December, URL: http://www.fao.org/sd/ltdirect/ltan0010.htm.

· Tendler, J., 1997, "Good Government in the Tropics," Baltimore and London: J. Hopkins Univ. Press.

· Togola, K., 1999, see footnote 5 below.

· Uphoff, N., 1997, "Institutional Capacity and Decentralization for RD", TCD, December 1997, FAO.

· Usher, P.J., 1986, "Devolution of Power in the Northwest Territories," in "Native People and Renewable Resource Management," 1986 Symp. of the Alberta Society of Prof’l Biologists, pp. 69-80.

· Van Beek, W., 1993, "Processes and Limitations of Dogon Agricultural Knowledge," in Hobart (ed).

· Vel, J., 1992, "Umbu Hapi vs. Umbu Vincent: legal pluralism...," in Benda Beckmann & Marks (eds).

· deVylder, S., 1996, "Sustainable Human Development and Macroeconomics," UNDP discussion paper.

· Webster, N. (ed), 1998, "In Search of Alternatives: Poverty, the Poor and Local Organisations," prepared for the Centre for Development Research workshop on Local Organisations and Rural Poverty Alleviation (LORPA), Tune, Denmark, Aug., Working Paper 98.10.


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